一、ThreadLocalMap的定义：
static class ThreadLocalMap
ThreadLocalMap类是ThreadLocal类的一个内部类，关于ThreadLocal类可以查看上一篇。
二、ThreadLocalMap的成员变量：
ThreadLocalMap类有4个成员变量：1个常量、3个变量。
/**
* The initial capacity -- MUST be a power of two.
*/
private static final int INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16;
/**
* The table, resized as necessary.
* table.length MUST always be a power of two.
*/
private Entry[] table;
/**
* The number of entries in the table.
*/
private int size = 0;
/**
* The next size value at which to resize.
*/
private int threshold; // Default to 0
分别为：存放元素的数组、数组初始大小、数组元素的个数、阀值。
三、ThreadLocalMap的构造方法：
1. 第一个构造方法：带2个参数（默认的构造方法）。
ThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocal firstKey, Object firstValue) {
table = new Entry[INITIAL_CAPACITY];
int i = firstKey.threadLocalHashCode & (INITIAL_CAPACITY - 1);
table[i] = new Entry(firstKey, firstValue);
size = 1;
setThreshold(INITIAL_CAPACITY);
}
先对table进行初始化，默认大小为INITIAL_CAPACITY。然后计算第一对键值对要存放的位置，即在table中的下标，然后为这个键值对在数组相应的下标下创建一个Entry对象，最后设置阈值。在这里它的阈值为table长度的2/3。
2. 第二个构造方法：带1个参数（私有构造方法）。
/**
* Construct a new map including all Inheritable ThreadLocals
* from given parent map. Called only by createInheritedMap.
*
* @param parentMap the map associated with parent thread.
*/
private ThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocalMap parentMap) {
Entry[] parentTable = parentMap.table;
int len = parentTable.length;
setThreshold(len);
table = new Entry[len];
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
Entry e = parentTable[j];
if (e != null) {
ThreadLocal key = e.get();
if (key != null) {
Object value = key.childValue(e.value);
Entry c = new Entry(key, value);
int h = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len - 1);
while (table[h] != null)
h = nextIndex(h, len);
table[h] = c;
size++;
}
}
}
}
改私有的构造方法是由ThreadLocal里的createInheritedMap()中调用的，这个方法会由Thread里的构造方法来调用（在Thread类里的init()方法来调用，而init()方法只被Thread里的构造方法调用）。
四、ThreadLocalMap的set方法：
/**
* Set the value associated with key.
*
* @param key the thread local object
* @param value the value to be set
*/
private void set(ThreadLocal key, Object value) {
// We don't use a fast path as with get() because it is at
// least as common to use set() to create new entries as
// it is to replace existing ones, in which case, a fast
// path would fail more often than not.
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1);
for (Entry e = tab[i];
e != null;
e = tab[i = nextIndex(i, len)]) {
ThreadLocal k = e.get();
if (k == key) {
e.value = value;
return;
}
if (k == null) {
replaceStaleEntry(key, value, i);
return;
}
}
tab[i] = new Entry(key, value);
int sz = ++size;
if (!cleanSomeSlots(i, sz) && sz >= threshold)
rehash();
}
/**
* Replace a stale entry encountered during a set operation
* with an entry for the specified key. The value passed in
* the value parameter is stored in the entry, whether or not
* an entry already exists for the specified key.
*
* As a side effect, this method expunges all stale entries in the
* "run" containing the stale entry. (A run is a sequence of entries
* between two null slots.)
*
* @param key the key
* @param value the value to be associated with key
* @param staleSlot index of the first stale entry encountered while
* searching for key.
*/
private void replaceStaleEntry(ThreadLocal key, Object value,
int staleSlot) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
Entry e;
// Back up to check for prior stale entry in current run.
// We clean out whole runs at a time to avoid continual
// incremental rehashing due to garbage collector freeing
// up refs in bunches (i.e., whenever the collector runs).
int slotToExpunge = staleSlot;
for (int i = prevIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = prevIndex(i, len))
if (e.get() == null)
slotToExpunge = i;
// Find either the key or trailing null slot of run, whichever
// occurs first
for (int i = nextIndex(staleSlot, len);
(e = tab[i]) != null;
i = nextIndex(i, len)) {
ThreadLocal k = e.get();
// If we find key, then we need to swap it
// with the stale entry to maintain hash table order.
// The newly stale slot, or any other stale slot
// encountered above it, can then be sent to expungeStaleEntry
// to remove or rehash all of the other entries in run.
if (k == key) {
e.value = value;
tab[i] = tab[staleSlot];
tab[staleSlot] = e;
// Start expunge at preceding stale entry if it exists
if (slotToExpunge == staleSlot)
slotToExpunge = i;
cleanSomeSlots(expungeStaleEntry(slotToExpunge), len);
return;
}
// If we didn't find stale entry on backward scan, the
// first stale entry seen while scanning for key is the
// first still present in the run.
if (k == null && slotToExpunge == staleSlot)
slotToExpunge = i;
}
// If key not found, put new entry in stale slot
tab[staleSlot].value = null;
tab[staleSlot] = new Entry(key, value);
// If there are any other stale entries in run, expunge them
if (slotToExpunge != staleSlot)
cleanSomeSlots(expungeStaleEntry(slotToExpunge), len);
}
在set()方法中，首先通过key(threadLocal)中的hashc值与table的总长度取模，然后根据取模后的值作为下标，找到table当中下标为此值的entry，判断该entry是否存在，如果存在，判断entry里的key与value，如果与当前要保存的key与value相同的话就不保存直接返回。如果entry里的key为null的话，就替换为当前要保存的key与value。否则就是碰撞的情况了，这时就调用nextIndex()方法计算下一个坐标。
如果计算后的坐标获取到的entry为null，就new一个Entry对象并保存进去，然后调用cleanSomeSlots()对table进行清理，如果没有任何Entry被清理，并且表的size超过了阈值，就会调用rehash()方法。
cleanSomeSlots()会调用expungeStaleEntry清理陈旧过时的Entry。rehash则会调用expungeStaleEntries()方法清理所有的陈旧的Entry，然后在size大于阈值的3/4时调用resize()方法进行扩容。
五、ThreadLocalMap的get方法：
/**
* Get the entry associated with key. This method
* itself handles only the fast path: a direct hit of existing
* key. It otherwise relays to getEntryAfterMiss. This is
* designed to maximize performance for direct hits, in part
* by making this method readily inlinable.
*
* @param key the thread local object
* @return the entry associated with key, or null if no such
*/
private Entry getEntry(ThreadLocal key) {
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (table.length - 1);
Entry e = table[i];
if (e != null && e.get() == key)
return e;
else
return getEntryAfterMiss(key, i, e);
}
/**
* Version of getEntry method for use when key is not found in
* its direct hash slot.
*
* @param key the thread local object
* @param i the table index for key's hash code
* @param e the entry at table[i]
* @return the entry associated with key, or null if no such
*/
private Entry getEntryAfterMiss(ThreadLocal key, int i, Entry e) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
while (e != null) {
ThreadLocal k = e.get();
if (k == key)
return e;
if (k == null)
expungeStaleEntry(i);
else
i = nextIndex(i, len);
e = tab[i];
}
return null;
}
getEntry()方法通过计算出的下标从table中取出entry，如果取得的entry为null或它的key值不相等，就调用getEntryAfterMiss()方法，否则返回。
而在getEntryAfterMiss()是当通过key与table的长度取模得到的下标取得entry后，entry里没有该key时所调用的。这时，如果获取的entry为null，即没有保存，就直接返回null，否则进入循环不，计算下一个坐标并获取对应的entry，并且当key相等时（表明找到了之前保存的值）返回entry，或是entry为null时退出循环，并返回null。
六、ThreadLocalMap的remove方法：
/**
* Remove the entry for key.
*/
private void remove(ThreadLocal key) {
Entry[] tab = table;
int len = tab.length;
int i = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len-1);
for (Entry e = tab[i];
e != null;
e = tab[i = nextIndex(i, len)]) {
if (e.get() == key) {
e.clear();
expungeStaleEntry(i);
return;
}
}
}
计算到下标后，如果取得的entry的key与ThreadLocal相同，就调用Entry的clear方法把弱引用设置为null，然后调用expungeStaleEntry对table进行清理。