同步训练1--项目管理概论

• 1.You are the project manager for a software project responsible forcreating a software tool for your finance department.Once the project iscompleted, maintenance of the product:

A.Will not be part of the project life cycle

B.Will be included in project life cycle because the same resources will beused for maintaining the product as those who developed the product.

C.May be included in the project life cycle if determined by themanagement

D.Will become another project

你是软件项目的项目经理，该项目职责是为财务部门开发个软件工具。项目一旦完成，维护产品：

A.不是项目生命期的一部分

B.将包括在项目生命期内因为同样的资源用在开发中的将用于维护产品

C.是否包括在项目生命期依赖于管理层

D.将变成其它项目

A

解释：产品的维护属于运营，属于产品生命期的部分，不属于项目生命期。参考：PMBOK2008 P18。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 2.You are working in the project office of your organization.What is yourjob responsibility?

A.Managing the operational activities in the company

B.Always managing Human Resource and Risk Management issues for projects

C.Providing support functions to project managers in the form of training,software, standardized policies etc.

D.Providing Subject Matter Expertise in the functional areas of theproject

你工作在你组织得项目办公室。你的工作职责是什么?

A.管理公司的运营工作

B.总是管理项目的人力资源和风险管理问题

C.商项目经理提供培训、软件、标准化策略的功能支持

D.提供项目特定领域的主题经验

C

解释：项目管理办公室主要职责是向项目经理提供支持。参考：PMBOK2008 P11。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 3.As a project manager in the automobile industry, you have to be aware ofgovernment regulations about the width of vehicles, type of fuel to be used,safety requirements etc.You should also have knowledge of the guidelines, bestpractices and standards which are used in the industry.In this context, whichstatement related to Standards and Regulations is not correct?

A.A Standard is a document established by consensus and approved by arecognized body.

B.Regulations are mandatory but Standards are not mandatory

C.Standards after widespread adoption may become de facto regulations

D.The influence of standards and regulations on a project is alwaysknown

作为汽车行业项目经理，你了解政府关于车辆宽度，适用燃料类型，安全需求的法规。你应该还有行业指南、最佳实践和标准的知识。在这种情形下，下列哪个关于标准和法规的说法是不正确的?

A.标准是个文档通过大多数人同意由被公认的主体来颁布

B.法规是强制的而标准是非强制的

C.标准在广泛使用后可能会变成事实上的法规

D.筛准和法规对项目的影响总是知道的

D

解释：标准和法规都属于事业环境因素，对项目而言影响是不确定的。参考：PMBOK2008 P14。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 4.When you started your six sigma project in ABC Automobile Company, theproduct of your project was initially defined as "Decreasing defects andimproving quality of bearings in ABC Automobile Company." However, as theproject proceeded, the product characteristics were made more explicit anddetailed.In this context, all the following statements related to progressiveelaboration of projects are true EXCEPT:

A.Scope of the project can change when product characteristics areprogressively elaborated, and the project manager must plan for such scopechanges.

B.Since the product of each project is unique, characteristics thatdistinguish the product or service must be progressively elaborated.

C.Requirements are made more explicit as the project team develops a betterand more complete understanding of the project.

D.Progressive Elaboration is a characteristic of projects that integratesthe concept of temporary and unique.

当你在ABC公司发起6西格玛项目，你项目的产品最初定义的是“减少缺陷和改进ABC公司质量方向”，然而，随着项目进展，产品特点变得更清楚更仔细。在这种情形下，下列所有关于项目渐进明细的说法都是正确的除了：

A.在产品渐进明细时，项目的范围可以变更，项目经理必须对这些范围变更进行规划

B.因为每个项目的产品是独特的，这个特点导致产品或服务必须渐进明细

C.需求会变的更清楚，当项目团队越来越深刻了解项目后

D.渐进明细是项目的特点，它结合了临时和独特两个方面

A

解释：项目有三个特点：临时、独特、渐进明细；需要把渐进明细核变更区分开，渐进明晰是指随着项目的进展，对项目的了解会逐步增加。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 5.Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Project LifeCycle?

A.Risk and uncertainty is highest at the start of the project.

B.Ability of the stakeholders to influence final characteristics of theproject's product increases as the project continues.

C.The project life cycle definition determines which transitional actions atthe beginning and end of the project are included - so, the project life cycledefinition can be a link to the ongoing operations of the performingorganization.

D.Cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher towards the end anddrop rapidly as the project draws to a conclusion.

下列哪个不是项目生命期的特点?

A.风险和不确定性在项目开始最高

B.项目干系人对项目产品最终的影响能力随着项目继续与日俱增

C.项目生命期定义确定了项目开始到结束所包括的转移活动，这样，项目生命期通过定义可以和执行组织的持续运营链接起来

D.成本和资源投入层次在项目开始低，逐步增加在项目结束前迅速下降

B

解释：干系人的影响力，随着项目进展会逐步递减。参考：PMBOK2008 P17。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 6.In your company, project managers share responsibility with the functionalmanager for priorities and for directing the work of persons assigned to theproject.Which of the following is not the responsibility of projectmanagers in your company?

A.Performing resource planning

B.Managing cost and budget

C.Carrying out performance appraisal of project team

D.Completing task definitions

在你的公司，项目经理和职能经理共享些权力如分配优先级、指导分配到项目的个人的工作。下列哪个不是你们公司项目经理的职责?

A.执行资源规划

B.管理成本和预算

C.完成项目团队的绩效评估

D.完成任务定义

C

解释：默认在矩阵组织中，团队成员的绩效评估是职能经理的职责。参考：PMBOK2008 P26。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 7.A project manager has to manage different stakeholder expectations.Project sponsor and customer are two very important stakeholders in anyproject.In this context, which statement is incorrect?

A.Along with the customer, the sponsor threshold for risks should be takeninto account.

B.Along with the customer, the sponsor may provide key events, milestones,and deliverable due dates.

C.Along with the customer, the sponsor formally accepts the product of theproject.

D.Along with the customer, the sponsor provides financial resources for theproject.

项目经理需要管理不同的干系人期望。项目出资人和客户是两个非常重要的干系人。下列哪个说法是不正确的?

A.和客户在一起，出资人需要对风险的征兆进行考虑

B.和客户在一起，出资人提供关键事件、里程碑和可交付成果完成日期

C.和客户在一起，出资人正式验收项目产品

D.和客户在一起，出资人为项目提供财务资源

A

解释：选项A是项目团队成员的事情，属于风险管理章节内容。参考：PMBOK2008 P25。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 8.Your project stakeholder has asked you to create a financial plan for yourproject.Preparing a financial plan will require:

A.Program management skills

B.Industry specific skills

C.Financial subject matter expertise

D.Both project management and industry specific skills

你的项目干系人要求你为你的项目创建财务计划，准备财务计划需要：

A.项目管理技能

B.行业特定技能

C.财务主主题经验

D.项目管理和行业特定技能

D

2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 9.Which of the following is not a characteristic of a project?

A.Constrained by limited resources

B.Planned, executed and controlled

C.Creates a unique product or service

D.Can be ongoing and repetitive

下列哪个不是项目的特点?

A.被有限的资源约束

B.需要规划，执行和控制

C.创建独特的产品或服务

D.是持续的重复的

D

解释：持续重复的是运营。参考：PMBOK2008 P5。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 10.Which of these is not an example of a project?

A.Buying things from the shop during sale

B.Building a bridge

C.Your friends wedding

D.Cleaning the office premises building every day

下列哪个不是项目的例子?

A.在商店打折期间购物

B.修桥

C.你朋友婚礼

D.每天清理办公楼前空地

D

解释：选项D属于运营：每日重复进行。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 11.What is the primary role of the project sponsor in a project?

A.Managing the project

B.Using the product of the project

C.Performing work of the project

D.Providing financial resources for the project

下列哪个是项目出资人在项目中主要的角色?

A.管理项目

B.使用项目的产品

C.执行项目的工作

D.提供项目的财务资源

D

解释：项目发起人就是出资人，负责提供财务资源。参考：PMBOK2008 P25。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 12.The sponsor s role on a project is BEST described as:

A.helping to plan activities.

B.helping to prevent unnecessary changes to project objectives.

C.identifying unnecessary project constraints.

D.helping to put the project management plan together.

项目出资人的角色在项目中最好的描述是：

A.帮助规划活动

B.帮助预防对项目目标的不必要的变更

C.识别不必要的项目制约要素

D.帮助整合项目管理计划到一起

B

解释：项目的目标需要出资人参与制定，此外项目的重大变更需要走CCB（变更控制委员会），项目出资人通常属于CCB。其他几个选项都是项目经理的责任。参考：PMBOK2008 P25。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 13.Your management has decided that all orders will be treated as "projects"and that project managers will be used to update orders daily, resolving issuesand ensuring that the customer formally accepts the product within 30 days ofcompletion.Revenue from the individual orders can vary from U.S.$100 toU.S.$-150,00 The project manager will not be required to perform planning orprovide documentation other than daily status.How would you define thissituation?

A.Because each individual order is a "temporary endeavor," each order is aproject.

B.This is program management since there are multiple projects involved.

C.This is a recurring process.

D.Orders incurring revenue over $100,000 would be considered projects andwould involve project management.

你的管理层决定所有的订单都将按照项目来对待，项目经理将被要求每天更新订单，解决问题确保所有客户在完成30天内正式接受产品。这些订单产生的收入从100美元到15000美元不等。项目经理将不被要求执行规划和其他文档除了日报之外。你将如何定义这种情形?

A.因为每个订单都是“临时努力”每个订单都是项目

B.这是个项目集管理因为包括多个项目

C.这是重复的过程

D.订单收入超过100000美元的将被考虑为项目，将使用项目管理。

C

解释：这里说的是每日进行日报这个事情属于什么。参考：PMBOK2008 P12（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 14.Stakeholders can be identified in which project management processgroups?

A.Initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, andclosing

B.Initiating and planning

C.Planning and monitoring and controlling

D.Monitoring and controlling and closing

项目干系人可以被识别在哪个项目管理过程组?

A.启动，规划，执行，监控和收尾

B.启动和规划

C.规划和监控

D.监控和收尾

A

解释：识别干系人是个持续性的过程，贯穿项目始终。参考：PMBOK2008 P24。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 15.The project life cycle differs from the product life cycle in that theproject life cycle:

A.does not incorporate a methodology.

B.is different for each industry.

C.can spawn many projects.

D.describes project management activities.

项目生命期和项目产品生命期不同的在于：

A.不需要混合方法论

B.在每个行业是不同的

C.可以涉及多个项目

D.描述了项目管理活动

B

解释：项目生命期在不同行业是不一样的。参考：PMBOK2008 P15。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 16.The project has been going well, except for the number of changes beingmade.The project is being installed into seven different departments within thecompany and will greatly improve departmental performance when operational.There are 14 project management processes selected for use on this project.Theproject manager is a technical expert as well as having been trained incommunications and managing people.Which of the following is the MOST likelycause of the project problems?

A.The project manager was not trained in understanding the companyenvironment.

B.The project should have more management oversight since it will result insuch great benefits to the company.

C.The project should have used more of the project management processes.

D.Some stakeholders were not identified.

项目非常健康，除了存在变更。项目涉及安装到公司内七个部门在运作时会有效改善公司绩效。这个项目选择了14个项目管理过程。项目经理是个技术专家曾经接受过沟通和管理人员的训练。下列哪个最可能引发项目问题?

A.项目经理没有被训练理解公司环境

B.项目应该有更多管理层关注既然它对公司有那么多利益

C.项目应该使用更多项目管理过程

D.一些项目干系人没有被识别

D

解释：存在变更通常是因为，某些干系人最初没有识别，在项目进行中这些干系人提出新的需求。参考：PMBOK2008 P23。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 17.A project manager is managing his second project.It started one monthafter the first and both are ongoing.Though his first project is small, thisone seems to be growing in size every day.As each day passes, the projectmanager is beginning to feel more and more in need of help.The project managerhas recently heard that there was another project in the company last year thatis similar to his second project.What should he do?

A.Contact the other project manager and ask for assistance.

B.Obtain historical records and guidance from the PMO.

C.Wait to see if the project is impacted by the growth in scope.

D.Make sure the scope for the project is agreed to by all thestakeholders.

某个项目经理在管理他的第二个项目，这个项目在他第一个项目启动1个月后启动，这两个项目同时进行。虽然他的第一个项目比较小，这个项目确看起来日趋复杂。每天项目经理都感觉需要更多的帮助。项目经理听说公司去年有些项目和他第二个项目很接近，他应该做什么?

A.联系其他项目经理获得他们帮助

B.从PMO获得历史记录和指南

C.等待是否项目的范围增加会压缩

D.确保项目的范围得到所有干系人认可

B

解释：PMO负责为项目经理提供支持。参考：PMBOK2008 P11。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 18.The project is in the planning process group when three stakeholders cometo the project manager asking for information on the company s new projectmanagement methodology, where it came from and why it is different from howthey manage projects, These stakeholders are also friends of the projectmanager and the entire group has worked together for years.The project is usingsome new terms like "corrective action" that are making some stakeholdersnervous as they are unsure if the way the project wilt be managed is going tochange along with new terms.What should the project manager do?

A.Advise the stakeholders that he will keep them in the communication loopfor the project.

B.Supply a list of new terms and their definitions.

C.Notify the project management office.

D.Make sure he maintains his authority as the project manager even thoughthey are friends.

当项目进行在规划过程组时，三个项目干系人来找项目经理询问关于公司新的项目管理方法论的信息，这涉及到如何用不同的方式管理他们的项目。这些干系人也是项目经理的朋友已经一起工作多年。这个项目中使用了些新的词汇如“纠正行动”这导致一些干系人不确信自己的项目能够更换到按新的词汇来管理。项目经理应该做什么?

A.告诉干系人他为了项目将和他们保持沟通

B.提供个新词汇和它们定义的表格

C.通知项目管理办公室

D.确认他还有项目经理的权力即便干系人是朋友

C

解释:PMO项目管理办公室负责识别和开发项目管理方法。参考：PMBOK2008 P11。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 19.You have reached the end of the design phase of your project.You decideto call a "phase end review" for obtaining authorization to close the designphase and initiate the next phase (i.e.execution phase, of your project.Yourmanager disagrees with your suggestion.He wants a "kill point" to formally endthe design phase of the project.In this context, you should:

A.Take advice from a senior project manager about what should actually bedone at the end of each phase of the project

B.Agree with your manager

C.Disagree with your manager because you know that phase end reviews shouldbe used at the end of each phase of the project

D.Escalate this issue to the project sponsor

你已经达到你项目设计阶段的结束。你决定召开“阶段结束评估”获得结束设计阶段的认可并启动下面的阶段(如执行阶段)。你的管理者不同意你的建议，他希望执行个“KillPoint"来正式结束项目设计阶段。在这种情形，你应该：

A.向资深的项目经理征求意见了解在项目每个结束真正的需要做什么

B.同意你的管理者的意见

C.不同意你的管理者，因为你知道“阶段结束评估”必须用到项目每个阶段结束

D.升级这个问题到出资人

B

解释：项目阶段正式结束，需要进行阶段末评审，此刻并不一定要批准下一阶段。参考：PMBOK2008 P20。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 20.Project Management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools andtechniques to project activities to meet project requirements.As a projectmanager, you will often have to contend with conflicting stakeholder demandsand improperly-defined or changing requirements.Balancing the different factorswhich affect a project is going to be critical in determining how successfulyou are as a project manager.When managing competing project requirements, youshould be aware of the "triple constraint".Which of the following is not afactor in the triple constraint?

A.Cost

B.Scope

C.Time

D.Quality

项目管理是应用知识、技能、工具和技术到项目活动上来满足项、目需求。作为项目经理，你将经常解决干系人需求和不正确的需求定义或变更需求的冲突。平衡这些影响项目的不同因素是项目成功的关键因素，当管理比较项目需求时，你应该小心“三角形约束”，下列哪个不是三角形约束中的因素?

A.成本

B.范围

C.时间

D.质量

D

解释：三角形约束为：范围、进度、成本。 （2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 21.Matrix organizations exhibit features of both projectized and functionalorganizations.In a weak matrix organization, the role of a project manager isthat of a:

A.coordinator and expediter

B.manager with considerable authority

C.support person

D.functional manager

矩阵型组织包括职能型和项目型两个共有的特点。在弱矩阵组织中，项目管理者的角色像：

A.协调员和促进者

B.相当大权力的管理者

C.支持人

D.职能经理

A

参考：PMBOK2008 P29。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 22.During which phase of the project would you suggest the integrated changecontrol process?

A.Throughout the project

B.Closure

C.Initiation

D.Intermediate

在项目哪个阶段你可能会执行整体变更控制过程?

A.贯穿项目

B.收尾

C.启动

D.中间阶段

A

解释：过程组不同于项目阶段。大型项目划分多个阶段，在每个阶段都要执行这些过程组。参考：PMBOK2008 P41。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 23.Which process group integrates people and other resources to carry outproject engagement plan for the project?

A.Monitoring and controlling process group

B.Executing process group

C.Planning process group

D.Initiating process group

下列哪个过程整合任何资源完成项目的计划?

A.监控过程组

B.执行过程组

C.规划过程组

D.启动过程组

B

解释：执行过程就是把人和资源整合起来完成项目管理计划中的工作的过程。参考：PMBOK2008 P55。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 24.Who determines which processes from the process group will be employed toachieve the desired objective?

A.A project initiator external to the project organization

B.The CEO

C.The most senior project team member.

D.Project manager & the project team

谁来确定具体的项目为了实现特定的目标需要使用过程组中的哪些过程?

A.项目组织外部的项目启动者

B.公司的CEO

C.资深的项目团队成员

D.项目经理和他的项目团队

D

解释：对于任何给定的项目，项目经理都要和项目团队共同负责，确定应采取的哪些过程以及应多么严格地运用每个过程。参考：PMBOK2008 P38。（2009-6-16 12:32:14）

• 25.Whom should the project manager report to?

A.Human resources

B.Customer

C.PMO

D.Project sponsor

项目经理向谁汇报?

A.人力资源

B.客户

C.项目管理办公室

D.项目出资人

C

解释：项目管理办公室是项目经理的家，为项目经理提供支持。参考：PMBOK2008 P11（2009-6-16 12:32:14）