基于linux下的虚拟机里 dhcp安装、动态网络编辑、及其ip的获取

1、hostnamectl 查看是哪个系统
2、建立iso 镜像目录
mkdir   /iso/
3、复制镜像文件到iso目录下
scp  kiosk@id:/home/kiosk/Desktop/rheL-server-7.0*    /iso
4、建立source7.0
mkdir  /source7.0
5、挂载镜像文件到source7.0
mount  /iso/rhe*7.0   /source7.0
6、编辑文件
vim    /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
编辑文件的内容如下
[source7.0]
name=source7.0
baseurl=file:///source7.0
gpgcheck=0
7、安装dhcp
yum search dhcp  查询dhcp
yum install dhcp.x86_64 -y    安装dhcp,-y的意思是安装时不需要提醒是否是否需要安装
8、切换到/etc/dhcp目录下
cd  /etc/dhcp
9、复制文件到/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf下
cp   /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example  /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
10、查看/etc/dhcp下有什么文件
ls  有三个文件
11、编辑文件
vim  /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
编辑文件
将文件的第7行和第8行进行修改为
  7 option domain-name "example.com";
 
  8 option domain-name-servers  114.114.114.114;
并删除27行
并将32 -35行修改为
32 subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  
 33   range 172.25.254.100  172.25.254.110;     #ip的范围
 34   option routers 172.25.254.250;
 35 }
将后面的删除
12、cat  /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases  #查看获得的ip从哪里来的
练习
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /iso
[root@localhost ~]# scp [email protected]:/home/kiosk/Desktop/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso    /iso
[email protected]'s password:
rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso   100% 3570MB  33.1MB/s   01:48    
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir  /source7.0
[root@localhost ~]# mount  /iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso  /source7.0
mount: /dev/loop0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# ls  /iso
rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@localhost ~]# cd  /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim yum.repo
[source7.0]
name=source7.0
baseurl=file:///source7.0
gpgcheck=0

[root@localhost ~]# yum search dhcp       #查询dhcp的安装包
已加载插件：langpacks
======================== N/S matched: dhcp ========================
dhcp-common.x86_64 : Common files used by ISC dhcp client and
                   : server
dhcp-libs.i686 : Shared libraries used by ISC dhcp client and
               : server
dhcp-libs.x86_64 : Shared libraries used by ISC dhcp client and
                 : server
dhclient.x86_64 : Provides the ISC DHCP client daemon and
                : dhclient-script
dhcp.x86_64 : Dynamic host configuration protocol software
dnsmasq.x86_64 : A lightweight DHCP/caching DNS server

  名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install dhcp.x86_64  -y   #安装dhcp.x86_64 安装包，-y的意思是不需要任何提示，直接安装
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd  /etc/dhcp
[root@localhost dhcp]# cp  /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example  /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf"？ y
[root@localhost dhcp]# ls
dhclient.d  dhcpd6.conf  dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost dhcp]# vim  dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost dhcp]# systemctl start dhcpd   #开启dhcpd服务
[root@localhost dhcp]# systemctl enable dhcpd  #开机启动dhcp服务
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service'

编辑dhcpd.conf文件
  1 # dhcpd.conf
  2 #
  3 # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
  4 #
  5
  6 # option definitions common to all supported networks...
  7 option domain-name "example.com";
  8 option domain-name-servers  114.114.114.114;
  9
 10 default-lease-time 600;
 11 max-lease-time 7200;
 12
 13 # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
 14 #ddns-update-style none;
 15
 16 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
 17 # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
 18 #authoritative;
 19
 20 # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
 21 # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
     log-facility local7;
 23
 24 # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
 25 # DHCP server to understand the network topology.
 26

30 # This is a very basic subnet declaration.
 31
  32    subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 33   range 172.25.254.100  172.25.254.110;
 34   option routers 172.25.254.250;
 35 };
 

将其ip设置为动态获取

副截图

root@localhost dhcp]# ifconfig                #查看从主机获得的ip
eth0: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        i net 172.25.254.10  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.254.255
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:3c0a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 52:54:00:00:3c:0a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 239444  bytes 3767481070 (3.5 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 154388  bytes 12319181 (11.7 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 348  bytes 51000 (49.8 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 348  bytes 51000 (49.8 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0