设计模式的解析和实现(C++)之十三-FlyWeight模式

作用:

    运用共享技术有效地支持大量细粒度的对象。

    UML结构图:


    解析:

    Flyweight模式在大量使用一些可以被共享的对象的时候经常使用。比如,在QQ聊天的时候很多时候你懒得回复又不得不回复的时候,一般会用一些客套的话语敷衍别人,如"呵呵","好的"等等之类的,这些简单的答复其实每个人都是提前定义好的,在使用的时候才调用出来。Flyweight就是基于解决这种问题的思路而产生的,当需要一个可以在其它地方共享使用的对象的时候,先去查询是否已经存在了同样的对象,如果没有就生成之有的话就直接使用。因此,Flyweight模式和Factory模式也经常混用。

    实现:

    需要说明的是下面的实现仅仅实现了对可共享对象的使用,非可共享对象的使用没有列出,因为这个不是Flyweight模式的重点。这里的实现要点是采用一个list链表来保存这些可以被共享的对象,需要使用的时候就到链表中查询是不是已经存在了,如果不存在就初始化一个,然后返回这个对象的指针。

    1)Flyweight.h

#ifndef FLYWEIGHT_H
#define FLYWEIGHT_H

#include
#include

typedef std::string STATE;

class Flyweight
{
public:
    virtual ~Flyweight(){}

    STATE GetIntrinsicState();
    virtual void Operation(STATE& ExtrinsicState) = 0;

protected:
    Flyweight(const STATE& state)
        :m_State(state)
    {
    }

private:
    STATE m_State;
};

class FlyweightFactory
{
public:
    FlyweightFactory(){}
    ~FlyweightFactory();

    Flyweight* GetFlyweight(const STATE& key);

private:
    std::list    m_listFlyweight;
};

class ConcreateFlyweight
    : public Flyweight
{
public:
    ConcreateFlyweight(const STATE& state)
        : Flyweight(state)
    {
    }
    virtual ~ConcreateFlyweight(){}

    virtual void Operation(STATE& ExtrinsicState);
};

#endif

 2)Flyweight.cpp

#include "FlyWeight.h"
#include

inline STATE Flyweight::GetIntrinsicState()
{
    return m_State;
}

FlyweightFactory::~FlyweightFactory()
{
    std::list::iterator iter1, iter2, temp;

    for (iter1 = m_listFlyweight.begin(), iter2 = m_listFlyweight.end();
        iter1 != iter2;
        )
    {
        temp = iter1;
        ++iter1;
        delete (*temp);
    }

    m_listFlyweight.clear();
}

Flyweight* FlyweightFactory::GetFlyweight(const STATE& key)
{
    std::list::iterator iter1, iter2;

    for (iter1 = m_listFlyweight.begin(), iter2 = m_listFlyweight.end();
         iter1 != iter2;
         ++iter1)
    {
        if ((*iter1)->GetIntrinsicState() == key)
        {
            std::cout << "The Flyweight:" << key << " already exits"<< std::endl;
            return (*iter1);
        }
    }

    std::cout << "Creating a new Flyweight:" << key << std::endl;
    Flyweight* flyweight = new ConcreateFlyweight(key);
    m_listFlyweight.push_back(flyweight);
}

void ConcreateFlyweight::Operation(STATE& ExtrinsicState)
{

}

    3)Main.cpp

#include "FlyWeight.h"

int main()
{
    FlyweightFactory flyweightfactory;
    flyweightfactory.GetFlyweight("hello");
    flyweightfactory.GetFlyweight("world");
    flyweightfactory.GetFlyweight("hello");

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}




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