Android 存储路径

手机存储：内部存储，外部存储

内部存储

内部存储是指手机的存储，Environment.getDataDirectory().getParentFile()为根目录，这个目录下还有一些私密的数据，比如：databases（数据库）、shared_prefs（SharedPreferences）等，私密数据需要有root权限才能打开

主要方法	路径
Environment.getDataDirectory()	/data
Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory()	/cache
Environment.getRootDirectory()	/system

外部存储

外部存储又分为SD卡和扩展卡内存

• SD卡

主要方法	路径
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()	/storage/sdcard0
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_ALARMS)	/storage/sdcard0/Alarms
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DCIM)	/storage/sdcard0/DCIM
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS)	/storage/sdcard0/Download
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MOVIES)	/storage/sdcard0/Movies
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MUSIC)	/storage/sdcard0/Music
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS)	/storage/sdcard0/Notifications
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES)	/storage/sdcard0/Pictures
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PODCASTS)	/storage/sdcard0/Podcasts
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_RINGTONES)	/storage/sdcard0/Ringtones

第二个开始之后的就是9大公有目录，通常自己的数据不建议放置在公有目录，建议放在私有目录，私有目录就是自己的app包名下，如：

方法	路径
getExternalFilesDir()	/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.test(包名)/files/test
getExternalCacheDir()	/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.test(包名)/cache/test

一般情况下有包名的路径我们都是调用Context中的方法来获得，没有包名的路径，我们直接调用Environment中的方法获得。

• 扩展卡内存
  扩展内存就是我们插入的外置SD卡

private static String getExtendedMemoryPath(Context mContext) {  
      StorageManager mStorageManager = (StorageManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);
        Class storageVolumeClazz = null;
        try {
            storageVolumeClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.StorageVolume");
            Method getVolumeList = mStorageManager.getClass().getMethod("getVolumeList");
            Method getPath = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("getPath");
            Method isRemovable = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("isRemovable");
            Object result = getVolumeList.invoke(mStorageManager);
            final int length = Array.getLength(result);
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                Object storageVolumeElement = Array.get(result, i);
                String path = (String) getPath.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                boolean removable = (Boolean) isRemovable.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                if (removable) {
                    return path;
                }
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
}