Algorithm ——数组打乱算法(七)

Algorithm ——数组打乱算法


Fisher–Yates shuffle 算法是一个非常高效又公平的随机排序算法(打乱有序的算法),它的时间复杂度为O(n)。它的实现伪代码大致是:

n = A.length;
for i = 1 to n
    swap A[i] with A[RANDOM(i, n)]
在进行第i次迭代时,元素A[i]时从元素A[i]到A[n]中随机选取的。第i次迭代后,A[i]不再改变。


Fisher–Yates shuffle算法的Java实现即测试代码如下所示:

public class RandomAlgor {

	static int[] A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 };

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		fisherYatesShuffle(A);
		System.out.println("打乱后的数组");
		arrayPrint(A);
	}

	/**
	 * 数组随机排序:洗牌算法(Fisher–Yates shuffle  费雪-耶兹洗牌算法)
	 * 
	 * @param A
	 */
	public static void fisherYatesShuffle(int[] A) {

		int rand = 0;
		int swap = 0;
		int n = A.length;

		Random util = new Random();

		for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
			rand = Math.abs(util.nextInt() % (i + 1));// 随机生成一个待置换的数组下标,它的范围是[0,i]
			if (rand != i) {
				swap = A[i];
				A[i] = A[rand];
				A[rand] = swap;
			}
		}
	}

	public static void arrayPrint(int[] array) {
		System.out.print("[");
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			System.out.print(array[i] + ", ");
		}
		System.out.println("]");
	}
}








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