FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统,由跟踪服务器(tracker server)、存储服务器(storage server)和客户端(client)三个部分组成,主要解决了海量数据存储问题,特别适合以中小文件(建议范围:4KB < file_size <500MB)为载体的在线服务。
(1)每次上传文件后都会返回一个地址,用户需要自己保存此地址。
(2)为了支持大容量,存储节点(服务器)采用了分卷(或分组)的组织方式。存储系统由一个或多个卷组成,卷与卷之间的文件是相互独立的,所有卷的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个卷可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成,一个卷下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的,卷中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用。
配置环境:
CentOS 7.5 x 64
tracker server: 192.168.5.71(tracker暂时一台,后续再添加一台做nginx+keepalived高可用)
storage server: 192.168.5.72 192.168.5.73(group1)
storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75(group2)
#hosts文件配置
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 192.168.5.71 storage71.blufly.com storage71 192.168.5.72 storage72.blufly.com storage72 192.168.5.73 storage73.blufly.com storage73 192.168.5.74 storage74.blufly.com storage74 192.168.5.75 storage75.blufly.com storage75 EOF
###---------------------- 安装配置tracker server ---------------------------###
yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent
#先安装libfastcommon
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git cd libfastcommon/ ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#安装fastdfs:
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git cd fastdfs ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#配置文件解释:
tracker.conf //负责均衡调度服务器配置文件 client.conf //客户端上传配置文件 http.conf //http服务器配置文件 storage.conf//文件存储服务器配置文件 mime.types //文件类型配置文件
#修改tracker server的配置文件
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf vi /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.25.204 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs http.server_port=8080 改为 http.server_port=80
#启动tracker server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start [root@storage71 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11631/fdfs_trackerd
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_trackerd /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_trackerd on
###--------------------------- 安装配置storage server ----------------------###
yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent
#先安装libfastcommon
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git cd libfastcommon/ ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#安装fastdfs:
cd /opt git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git cd fastdfs ./make.sh ./make.sh install
#配置storage server
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf #修改storage server的配置文件: vm /etc/fdfs/storage.conf bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.5.72 #base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致,如果有修改过tracker的 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs #修改storage的资源存放路径 store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs #如果有多个挂载磁盘则定义多个store_path,如下 #store_path1=...... #store_path2=...... 修改storage的对应的tracker_server的ip地址和端口 tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 #如果有多个则配置多个tracker_server #tracker_server=...... #tracker_server=...... http.server_port=8888 改为 http.server_port=80
#创建数据目录,并启动storage server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start [root@storage72 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs tcp 0 0 192.168.5.72:23000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11624/fdfs_storaged
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on
#查看tracker和storage的链接情况
[root@storage71 ~]# netstat -tnlpa|grep 22122 tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11631/fdfs_trackerd tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 192.168.5.72:63755 ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd tcp 0 0 192.168.5.71:22122 192.168.5.73:47697 ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd
#在tracker server上配置客户端上传文件
[root@storage71 fastdfs]# cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf #base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致 base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.0.197:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
#上传个文件,如果上传成功,会返回一个url,我们记住这个url,后面安装了nginx就可以通URL来访问上传的这个文件
[root@storage71 fastdfs]# /usr/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload /root/test.jpg group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.5.72, port=23000 storage_upload_by_filename group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg source ip address: 192.168.5.72 file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:50 file size=13845 file crc32=2080349467 example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg storage_upload_slave_by_filename group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg source ip address: 192.168.5.72 file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:51 file size=13845 file crc32=2080349467 example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg
通过客户端连接并上传文件:
#上传"/etc/passwd"文件到fastdfs服务器: # fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /etc/passwd 下载刚才上传的文件: # fdfs_download_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg 查看文件属性: # fdfs_file_info /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg 删除上传的文件: # fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg # fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBtTuAGz2VAAAJHTkxfCU312.txt 监控fastdfs的状态: # fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf
###------------------- 在storage server上安装nginx -------------------------###
#安装nginx关于fastdfs集合的扩展模块,注意这个模块nginx默认的编译模块中没有,需手动下载安装
cd /opt wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz #jemalloc 优化nginx,内存管理 wget https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/releases/download/5.1.0/jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2 wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.42.tar.gz #nginx缓存清理模块 wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module.git
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel
tar -jxvf jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2 cd jemalloc-5.1.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jemalloc --libdir=/usr/local/lib make;make install echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf ldconfig cd ../ /usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin tar -zxvf pcre-8.42.tar.gz tar -zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz cd nginx-1.15.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --with-pcre=/opt/pcre-8.42 \ --user=www \ --group=www \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-ld-opt="-ljemalloc" \ --with-http_realip_module \ --add-module=/opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src \ --add-module=/opt/ngx_cache_purge-2.3 make;make install
#修改mod_fastdfs配置文件
cp /opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/ cd /opt/fastdfs/conf/ #进入fastdfs安装包文件夹 cp anti-steal.jpg http.conf mime.types /etc/fdfs/ vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf base_path=/tmp 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=tracker:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs url_have_group_name = false 改为 true
#配置nginx
server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.5.72; location /group1/M00 { ngx_fastdfs_module; } }
#添加nginx启动脚本
cat >> /etc/init.d/nginx <&2 exit 3 ;; esac exit 0 EOF
#将nginx添加到启动服务中
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/nginx /sbin/chkconfig --add nginx /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on
#启动nginx
[root@storage72 opt]# /etc/init.d/nginx start Starting nginx daemon: nginxngx_http_fastdfs_set pid=21702
#查看jemalloc内存管理
lsof -n | grep jemalloc
###------------------ tracker server端做nginx反向代理 ----------------------###
#nginx.conf配置
upstream fdfs_group1 { server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.5.71; location /group1/M00 { proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1; } }
###---------------------------- PHP客户端配置 ------------------------------###
#首先客户端要安装LNMP环境或者LANMP环境
#因为php的客户端安装也会依赖fastdfs本身的一些库文件,所以要安装fastdfs
cd /opt/fastdfs/php_client /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make;make install
cat fastdfs_client.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
#配置fastDFS的client.conf
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf vi /etc/fdfs/client.conf base_path=/data/fastfds tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 http.tracker_server_port=80
#重新加载php
service php-fpm reload
#验证模块是否被正常加载
/usr/local/php/bin/php -m | grep fastdfs_client
#通过http上传测试
cat test.php
cat upload.php
getPostFilename()); $ret['file'] = $file; $ret['fileId'] = uploadToFastdfs($curlFile, $fileSuffix); return $ret; }/*}}}*/ //获取后缀 function getSuffix($fileName) {/*{{{*/ preg_match('/\.(\w+)?$/', $fileName, $matchs); return isset($matchs[1])?$matchs[1]:''; }/*}}}*/ //上传文件到fastdfs function uploadToFastdfs(CurlFile $file, $fileSuffix) {/*{{{*/ $fdfs = new FastDFS(); $tracker = $fdfs->tracker_get_connection(); $fileId = $fdfs->storage_upload_by_filebuff1(file_get_contents($file->getFilename()), $fileSuffix); $fdfs->tracker_close_all_connections(); return $fileId; }/*}}}*/ function start() { $ret = uploadAttach(); print_r($ret); } start(); ?>
#通过php脚本上传测试
echo "php client is here." > /opt/upload.txt
cat test.php
#执行php脚本
/usr/local/php/bin/php test.php
###------------------------- storage server宕机测试 ------------------------###
#先关闭storage73
#通过tracker可以看到storage73已经不在线了
#然后通过客户端上传一张图片
#上传的图片可以正常访问
#重启storage73看上传的图片有没有同步过来
###--------------------------- 横向扩容,增加group2 ------------------------###
#添加一组storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75(group2)
#分别安装fastdfs、nginx、fastdfs-nginx-module
#修改group2成员的storage.conf(192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75)
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#修改storage server的配置文件:
vi /etc/fdfs/storage.conf group_name=group2 bind_addr=192.168.5.74 base_path=/data/fastdfs store_path0=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 http.server_port=80
#创建数据目录,并启动storage server
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
#开机启动
/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on
#修改所有storage server的mod_fastdfs.conf配置文件
vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122 store_path0=/data/fastdfs url_have_group_name = true group_name=group1/group2 # 所有组名 group_count = 2 # 组的总数 # 把所有组和目录都添加上 [group1] group_name=group1 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs [group2] group_name=group2 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs
#在所有storage机器上,创建所有组的store_path目录
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
#修改所有storage server的nginx配置文件
server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location ~/group([0-9])/M00/{ ngx_fastdfs_module; } }
#重启storage server的nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
#修改tracker server的反向代理
user www www; worker_processes 8; error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; #工作模式及连接数上限 events { worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile off; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 300; #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时) proxy_connect_timeout 300s; #连接成功后,后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时) proxy_read_timeout 300s; proxy_send_timeout 300s; #设置代理服务器(nginx)保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小 proxy_buffer_size 64k; #proxy_buffers缓冲区,网页平均在32k以下的话,这样设置 proxy_buffers 4 32k; #高负荷下缓冲大小(proxy_buffers*2) proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小,大于这个值,将从upstream服务器传递请求,而不缓冲到磁盘 proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #不允许代理端主动关闭连接 proxy_ignore_client_abort on; proxy_cache_path /data/cache1 levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastdfs_cache:200m inactive=1d max_size=20g; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 4 128k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #nginx cache命中率统计日志 log_format cachelog '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" ' '"$upstream_cache_status" $body_bytes_sent'; #设置 group1 的服务器 upstream fdfs_group1 { server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } #设置 group2 的服务器 upstream fdfs_group2 { server 192.168.5.74 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.5.75 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; #设置 group 的负载均衡参数 location /group1/M00 { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache fastdfs_cache; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args; proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1; expires 30d; } location /group2/M00 { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache fastdfs_cache; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args; proxy_pass http://fdfs_group2; expires 30d; } #设置清除缓存的访问权限 location ~/purge(/.*) { allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.5.0/24; deny all; proxy_cache_purge http-cache $1$is_args$args; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
#fastdfs状态监控
[root@storage71 /]# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf server_count=1, server_index=0 tracker server is 192.168.5.71:22122 group count: 2 Group 1: group name = group1 Storage 1: id = 192.168.5.72 ip_addr = 192.168.5.72 (storage72.blufly.com) ACTIV Storage 2: id = 192.168.5.73 ip_addr = 192.168.5.73 (storage73.blufly.com) WAIT_SYNC Group 2: group name = group2 Storage 1: id = 192.168.5.74 ip_addr = 192.168.5.74 (storage74.blufly.com) ACTIVE Storage 2: id = 192.168.5.75 ip_addr = 192.168.5.75 (storage75.blufly.com) WAIT_SYNC
#上传图片测试
#fastdfs的storage server的状态查询
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:INIT:初始化,尚未得到同步已有数据的源服务器 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:WAIT_SYNC:等待同步,已得到同步已有数据的源服务器 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:SYNCING:同步中 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:DELETED:已删除,该服务器从本组中摘除 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:OFFLINE:离线 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:ONLINE:在线,尚不能提供服务 #FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS:ACTIVE:在线,可以提供服务