Android Handler机制

Android 使用Handler跨线程通信原理:每一个线程都已一MessageQueen,一个Looper,Looper不断从MessageQueen中读取Message,交给Handler处理;当然Message也是通过Handler放入MessageQueen中的,即Handler用来发送Message和处理Message。
MessageQueen是由Looper对象创建的,在Looper对象创建时,会和创建Looper的线程关联到一块,所以Thread就有了一个MessageQueen;

private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);
        mThread = Thread.currentThread();
}

Handler创建时会和改线程的Looper绑定到一起,如果在Handler创建时Looper还未创建,就会报异常。

 public Handler(Callback callback, boolean async) {
        ……
        mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
        if (mLooper == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
        }
        mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
        mCallback = callback;
        mAsynchronous = async;
    }

Hander发送Message时,把自己设置给Message的target属性,所以在Looper在loop()方法从MessageQueen取出Message,调用message.target.dispathMessage()方法来处理Message。
Handler的sendMessage()方法会调用下面的方法,并指定msg.targe=this,即把Handler指给Message:

//Handler.class 
private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
        msg.target = this;
        if (mAsynchronous) {
            msg.setAsynchronous(true);
        }
        return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
    }

Looper.loop()方法源码(API25):

 public static void loop() {
        ……
        for (;;) {
            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
            if (msg == null) {
                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
                return;
            }

           ……
            try {
              //即调用Handler的dispatchMessage(msg)方法
                msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
            } finally {
                if (traceTag != 0) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
                }
            }
            ……
            msg.recycleUnchecked();
        }
    }

关于loop方法会block的说明:
https://www.zhihu.com/question/34652589/answer/90344494

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