Centos7+LVS-DR+Apache负载均衡web实验

一、简介

  1、理论已经在上一篇博客简述,不了解得可以看看

    https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangxingeng/p/10497279.html 

  2、LVS-DR优缺点复习     

    关于这种模式:

      1)确保前端路由器将目标ip为vip的请求报文发往director

        a、在前端网关做静态绑定;

        b、在RS上使用arptables;

        c、在RS上修改内核参数以限制arp通告即应答级别;

          arp_announce

          arp_ignore

      2)、RS的RIP可以使用私网或公网地址;

      3)、RS跟director在同一物理网络;

      4)、请求报文经由director,响应报文直接发往client;

      5)、此模式不支持端口映射;

      6)、RS支持大多数的OS;

      7)、RIP的网关不能指向DIP,以确保响应报文不经由director;

      

     缺点:LVS调度器及应用服务器在同一个网段中,因此不能实现集群的跨网段应用。

     优点:直接路由转发,通过修改请求报文的目标mac地址进行转发,效率提升明显

 

  3、实验拓扑

 Centos7+LVS-DR+Apache负载均衡web实验_第1张图片

    实验说明:测试环境为虚拟机,准备三台即可,这里是四台外加本机物理机

节点 ip 应用 ip2 备注
web1 192.168.13.11(DIP) director VIP:ens37:0,192.168.13.100  
web2 192.168.13.12(RIP) rs VIP:Lo:0,192.168.13.100  
web3 192.168.13.13(RIP) rs VIP:Lo:0,192.168.13.100  
web4 192.168.13.14 client   curl
本地物理机测试 172网段 client   web访问

    

 

二、开始部署

  1、网络配置

   修改虚拟机网卡rip、vip、dip都在同一个网段,这里使用仅主机模式

    配置网卡基础参数这里就不演示,配置静态,网关指向仅主机虚拟网卡网关即可

   director一块网卡即可,后续配置添加vip使用别名即可,别着急,在后面具体配置上

    

1 [root@web1 ~]#  ifconfig 
2 ens37: flags=4163  mtu 1500
3         inet 192.168.13.11  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.13.255
4         inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1c:8b43  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
5         ether 00:0c:29:1c:8b:43  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
6         RX packets 271095  bytes 48234818 (46.0 MiB)
7         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
8         TX packets 129716  bytes 9264277 (8.8 MiB)
9         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

   

   rs也是一块网卡,后续vip配置在lo:0上即可但是需要先修改arp_ignore,arp_announce才能添加lo:0

   

1 [root@web2 ~]# ifconfig
2 ens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500
3         inet 192.168.13.12  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.13.255
4         inet6 fe80::3409:e73d:1ef:2e1  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
5         ether 00:0c:29:75:de:46  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
6         RX packets 291171  bytes 43500727 (41.4 MiB)
7         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
8         TX packets 84267  bytes 12274101 (11.7 MiB)
9         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
[root@web3 ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.13.13  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.13.255
        inet6 fe80::3409:e73d:1ef:2e1  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        inet6 fe80::9416:80e8:f210:1e24  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:0c:29:79:23:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 281305  bytes 43019942 (41.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 88839  bytes 12307738 (11.7 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

 

 

 

  2、关闭防火墙

    

1       systemctl stop firewalld
2 
3       systemctl disable firewalld
4 
5       sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config 

 

  3、安装软件

1       11上安装ipvsadm     
2         yum install ipvsadm -y 
3       12、13安装httpd
4         yum install httpd -y
  

  4、配置web

     注意:arp_ignore 改为1的意义是,响应报文,请求报文从哪个地址进来的,就只能这个接口地址响应

       arp_announce 改为2的意义是,通知,不通告不同网段

 1 #修改web页面
 2       web2
 3  
 4          echo "welcom to web2" >/var/www/html/index.html
 5  
 6       web3
 7         echo "welcom to web3" >/var/www/html/index.html
 8 #启动与开机自启
 9          systemctl restart httpd
10          systemctl enable httpd
11 #修改内核参数,两台rs都修改
12   echo 1 > /porc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
13   echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
14   echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ens33/arp_ignore
15   echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 
16   echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ens33/arp_announce 
  #添加vip
  ifconfig lo:0 192.168.13.100 broadcast 192.168.13.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
17 #添加默认路由,两台rs都修改,

18 route add -host 192.168.13.100 dev lo:0

19
  #ping 192.168.13.100 
20

ping 192.168.13.100

21
#物理机查看mac地址没有变化,说明rs没有响应ok ,11和100的地址保持一致就是对的
   物理机是windows10 cmd 命令行 arp -a 查看mac表
22 arp -a
2
3 接口: 192.168.13.1 --- 0x16

24 Internet 地址 物理地址 类型

25 192.168.13.11 00-0c-29-1c-8b-43 动态

26 192.168.13.12 00-0c-29-75-de-46 动态

27 192.168.13.13 00-0c-29-79-23-62 动态

28 192.168.13.14 00-0c-29-0f-ea-b4 动态

29 192.168.13.100 00-0c-29-1c-8b-43 动态

    检查网络信息,web2举例,web3差不多就不贴上来了

 1 [root@web2 ~]# ifconfig
 2 ens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500
 3         inet 192.168.13.12  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.13.255
 4         inet6 fe80::3409:e73d:1ef:2e1  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
 5         ether 00:0c:29:75:de:46  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
 6         RX packets 291171  bytes 43500727 (41.4 MiB)
 7         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
 8         TX packets 84267  bytes 12274101 (11.7 MiB)
 9         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
10 
11 lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
12         inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
13         inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
14         loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
15         RX packets 1181  bytes 99767 (97.4 KiB)
16         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
17         TX packets 1181  bytes 99767 (97.4 KiB)
18         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
19 
20 lo:0: flags=73  mtu 65536
21         inet 192.168.13.100  netmask 255.255.255.255
22         loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
23 
24 virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
25         inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
26         ether 52:54:00:23:a5:7c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
27         RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
28         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
29         TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
30         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
31 
32 [root@web2 ~]# 

 

   

  5、配置director

     lvs-dr模式不需要开启地址转发,ip_forward功能,因为director发给rs的数据包是修改过的包,不是原包,不经过ip_forward转发,而是经过修改后的mac根据l路由决策直接路由到rip

 1 #ens33是另外一块网卡down掉,配置网卡别名,添加vip
 2  ifconfig ens33 down
 3  ifconfig ens37:0 192.168.13.100/24 broadcast 192.168.13.100 up
 4 #配置ipvsadm
 5 ipvsadm -C 清空
 6 #添加规则
 7  ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.13.100:80 -s rr
 8  ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.13.100:80 -r 192.168.13.12 -g
 9  ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.13.100:80 -r 192.168.13.13 -g
10 #查看规则
11 [root@web1 zhangxingeng]# ipvsadm -ln
12 IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
13 Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
14   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
15 TCP  192.168.13.100:80 rr
16   -> 192.168.13.12:80             Route   1      0          0         
17   -> 192.168.13.13:80             Route   1      0          0         

    检查网络信息

    

[root@web1 ~]#  ifconfig 
ens37: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.13.11  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.13.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1c:8b43  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:0c:29:1c:8b:43  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 271095  bytes 48234818 (46.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 129716  bytes 9264277 (8.8 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens37:0: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.13.100  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 192.168.13.100
        ether 00:0c:29:1c:8b:43  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 123187  bytes 11609729 (11.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 123187  bytes 11609729 (11.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:23:a5:7c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@web1 ~]# 

 

  6、测试结果

 Centos7+LVS-DR+Apache负载均衡web实验_第2张图片

 1 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
 2 welcom to web3
 3 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
 4 welcom to web2
 5 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
 6 welcom to web3
 7 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
 8 welcom to web2
 9 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
10 welcom to web3
11 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
12 welcom to web2
13 [root@web4 ~]# curl 192.168.13.100
14 welcom to web3
#统计信息
[root@web1 ~]# ipvsadm -ln --stats IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Conns InPkts OutPkts InBytes OutBytes -> RemoteAddress:Port TCP 192.168.13.100:80 46 500 0 93970 0 -> 192.168.13.12:80 23 250 0 47616 0 -> 192.168.13.13:80 23 250 0 46354 0 [root@web1 ~]#
 #连接条目
1
[root@web1 ~]# ipvsadm -lnc 2 IPVS connection entries 3 pro expire state source virtual destination 4 TCP 01:53 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48482 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.12:80 5 TCP 01:54 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48488 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.13:80 6 TCP 01:53 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48480 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.13:80 7 TCP 14:56 ESTABLISHED 192.168.13.1:59343 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.13:80 8 TCP 01:52 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48478 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.12:80 9 TCP 01:54 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48490 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.12:80 10 TCP 01:53 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48484 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.13:80 11 TCP 01:53 FIN_WAIT 192.168.13.163:48486 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.12:80 12 TCP 15:01 ESTABLISHED 192.168.13.1:59344 192.168.13.100:80 192.168.13.12:80

 

 

 

转载请注明出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangxingeng/p/10573695.html 

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