Factory Method(工厂模式)：定义一个用于创建对象的接口，让子类决定将哪一个类实例化。Factory Method使一个类的实例化延迟到其子类。
工厂模式：根据不同的参数生成不同的类实例。
工厂模式分为：简单工厂模式、工厂方法模式、抽象工厂模式。
①、简单工厂模式：通过静态方法创建对象。
②、工厂方法模式：去掉了简单工厂模式中方法的静态属性，使其可以被子类继承，定义一个创建对象的接口，让子类决定实例化哪个类。
③、抽象工厂模式：提供一个创建一系列相关或者相互依赖的对象的接口。
例子：
基本工厂模式(其实就是一个简单的类)
//定义一个用户类
class User
{
private $username;//定义一个私有变量
public function __construct($username)
{
$this->username = $username;
}
public function getUser()
{
return $this->username;
}
}
//用户工厂类
class userFactory
{
static public function createUser()//静态方法，无需实例化即可调用
{
//工厂类中实例化User类
return new User('jack');
}
}
$user = userFactory::createUser();
echo $user->getUser();//jack
简单工厂模式：通过静态方法创建对象。提供一个工厂方法供客户端调用。可能违反开闭原则。
interface userProperties
{
function getUsername();
function getGender();
function getJob();
}
class User implements userProperties
{
private $username;
private $gender;
private $job;
public function __construct($username,$gender,$job)
{
$this->username = $username;
$this->gender = $gender;
$this->job = $job;
}
public function getUsername()
{
return $this->username;
}
public function getGender()
{
return $this->gender;
}
public function getJob()
{
return $this->job;
}
}
class userFactory
{
static public function createUser($properties = [])//属性、内容
{
return new User($properties['username'],$properties['gender'],$properties['job']);
}
}
$employers = [
['username'=>'jack','gender'=>'male','job'=>'coder'],
['username'=>'Marry','gender'=>'female','job'=>'designer'],
];
$user = userFactory::createUser($employers[0]);
echo $user->getUsername();
工厂方法模式：去掉了简单工厂模式中方法的静态属性，使其可以被子类继承，定义一个创建对象的接口，让子类决定实例化哪个类。一个工厂生产多个零件，但零件共同特点是属于一个产品。
interface userProperties
{
function getUsername();
function getGender();
function getJob();
}
interface createUser
{
function create($properties);
}
// 实现用户参数类
class User implements userProperties
{
private $username;
private $gender;
private $job;
public function __construct($username,$gender,$job)
{
$this->username = $username;
$this->gender = $gender;
$this->job = $job;
}
public function getUsername()
{
return $this->username;
}
public function getGender()
{
return $this->gender;
}
public function getJob()
{
return $this->job;
}
}
//用户工厂
class userFactory
{
private $user;
public function __construct($properties = [])// 构造方法，初始化用户属性，实例化用户对象
{
$this->user = new User($properties['username'],$properties['gender'],$properties['job']);
}
public function getUser()
{
return $this->user;
}
}
//实现创建用户接口
class FactoryMan implements createUser
{
//创建用户接口中的创建方法
function create($properties)
{
// 返回实例化的用户工厂对象
return new userFactory($properties);
}
}
class FactoryWoman implements createUser
{
function create($properties)
{
return new userFactory($properties);
}
}
class clientUser
{
static public function getClient($properties)
{
$fac = new FactoryMan;
$man = $fac->create($properties);
echo $man->getUser()->getUsername();
}
}
$employers = [
['username'=>'温柔只给意中人','gender'=>'male','job'=>'coder'],
['username'=>'Marry','gender'=>'female','job'=>'designer'],
];
$user =clientUser::getClient($employers[0]);
抽象工厂模式：提供一个创建一系列相关或者相互依赖的对象的接口。
interface userProperties
{
function getUsername();
function getGender();
function getJob();
}
//将对象的创建方法抽象成一个接口
interface createUser
{
function createOpen($properties);//内向创建
function createIntro($properties);//外向创建
}
class User implements userProperties
{
private $username;
private $gender;
private $job;
public function __constract($username,$gender,$job)
{
$this->username = $username;
$this->gender = $gender;
$this->job = $job;
}
public function getUsername()
{
return $this->username;
}
public function getGender()
{
return $this->gender;
}
public function getJob()
{
return $this->job;
}
}
//用户工厂
class userFactory
{
private $user;
public function __construct($properties = [])
{
//实例化用户类并初始化用户参数
$this->user = new User($properties['username'],$properties['gender'],$properties['job']);
}
public function getUser()
{
return $this->user;
}
}
class FactoryMan implements createUser
{
function createOpen($properties)
{
return new userFactory($properties);
}
function createIntro($properties)
{
return new userFactory($properties);
}
}
class FactoryWoman implements createUser
{
function createOpen($properties)
{
return new userFactory($properties);
}
function createIntro($properties)
{
return new userFactory($properties);
}
}
class clientUser
{
static public function getClient($properties)
{
$fac = new FactoryMan;
$man = $fac->createOpen($properties);
echo $man->getUser()->getUsername();
}
}
$employers = [
['username'=>'jack','gender'=>'male','job'=>'coder'],
['username'=>'Marry','gender'=>'female','job'=>'designer'],
];
$user = clientUser::getClient($properties[0]);
通过传入不同的参数实例化不同的类。
本文仅作为记录自己的学习历程，如有更好的见解，请在评论区留言。欢迎分享，交流经验！