c/c++开发中经常要用到http/https协议，直接使用socket工作量很大，要是使用socket实现https，那更不可思议，开源的c/c++的http客户端框架，libcurl是首选，而且也相当成熟稳定，最近C++项目中用到https请求，就做下研究。
libcurl简介(来源官网)
libcurl是一个跨平台的网络协议库，支持http, https, ftp, gopher, telnet, dict, file, 和ldap 协议。libcurl同样支持HTTPS证书授权，HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP 上传, HTTP基本表单上传，代理，cookies,和用户认证。官网地址：https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/
实现HTTP/GET：
Get.cpp
1 /******************************************************** 2 Copyright (C), 2016-2018, 3 FileName: Get 4 Author: woniu201 5 Email: [email protected] 6 Created: 2018/10/15 7 Description: 实现HTTP/HTTPS GET请求 8 ********************************************************/ 9 #include "main.h" 10 11 size_t WriteGetResp(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) 12 { 13 ((string*)userp)->append((char*)buffer, 0, size*nmemb); 14 return size*nmemb; 15 } 16 17 /************************************ 18 @ Brief: GET请求 19 @ Author: woniu201 20 @ Created: 2018/10/15 21 @ Return: 22 ************************************/ 23 int HttpGet(char* url) 24 { 25 string respData; 26 CURL* curl; 27 CURLcode res; 28 29 curl = curl_easy_init(); 30 if (curl == NULL) 31 { 32 return 1; 33 } 34 35 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url); 36 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, WriteGetResp); 37 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &respData); 38 39 // curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS, 5000); //libcurl存在毫秒超时bug,如果设备小于1000ms立即返回失败 40 // curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, 5000); //设置超时时间 41 42 bool bCA = FALSE; 43 if (!bCA) 44 { 45 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);//设定为不验证证书和HOST 46 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 47 } 48 else 49 { 50 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, TRUE); 51 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, ""); 52 } 53 54 res = curl_easy_perform(curl); 55 if (res != CURLE_OK) 56 { 57 cout << curl_easy_strerror(res) << endl; 58 } 59 60 curl_easy_cleanup(curl); 61 62 cout << Utf8ToAscii(respData) << endl; 63 return 0; 64 }
实现HTTP/POST：
Post.cpp
1 /******************************************************** 2 Copyright (C), 2016-2018, 3 FileName: Post 4 Author: woniu201 5 Email: [email protected] 6 Created: 2018/10/15 7 Description: 实现HTTP/HTTPS POST请求 8 ********************************************************/ 9 #include "main.h" 10 11 size_t WritePostBodyResp(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) 12 { 13 ((string*)userp)->append((char*)buffer, 0, size*nmemb); 14 return size*nmemb; 15 } 16 17 size_t WritePostHeaderResp(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) 18 { 19 ((string*)userp)->append((char*)buffer, 0, size*nmemb); 20 return size*nmemb; 21 } 22 23 /************************************ 24 @ Brief: POST请求 25 @ Author: woniu201 26 @ Created: 2018/10/15 27 @ Return: 28 ************************************/ 29 int HttpPost(char* url, char* body) 30 { 31 string respBodyData; 32 string respHeadData; 33 CURL* curl; 34 CURLcode res; 35 36 //设置头 37 struct curl_slist *headers = NULL; 38 headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Type:application/json;charset=UTF-8"); 39 40 curl = curl_easy_init(); 41 if (curl == NULL) 42 { 43 return 1; 44 } 45 46 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url); 47 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, body); 48 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); 49 50 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, WritePostHeaderResp); 51 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, WritePostBodyResp); 52 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER, &respHeadData); 53 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &respBodyData); 54 55 // curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS, 5000); //libcurl存在毫秒超时bug,如果设备小于1000ms立即返回失败 56 // curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, 5000); //设置超时时间 57 58 bool bCA = FALSE; 59 if (!bCA) 60 { 61 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);//设定为不验证证书和HOST 62 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 63 } 64 else 65 { 66 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, TRUE); 67 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, ""); 68 } 69 70 res = curl_easy_perform(curl); 71 if (res != CURLE_OK) 72 { 73 cout << curl_easy_strerror(res) << endl; 74 } 75 curl_slist_free_all(headers); 76 curl_easy_cleanup(curl); 77 78 cout << Utf8ToAscii(respHeadData) << endl; 79 cout << Utf8ToAscii(respBodyData) << endl; 80 81 return 0; 82 }
其他代码：
utils.cpp
1 /******************************************************** 2 Copyright (C), 2016-2018, 3 FileName: utils 4 Author: woniu201 5 Email: [email protected] 6 Created: 2018/10/15 7 Description: ASSIC--UTF8互转 8 ********************************************************/ 9 #include "main.h" 10 #include <string> 11 #include12 #include 13 using namespace std; 14 15 wstring AsciiToUnicode(const string& str) { 16 // 预算-缓冲区中宽字节的长度 17 int unicodeLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0); 18 // 给指向缓冲区的指针变量分配内存 19 wchar_t *pUnicode = (wchar_t*)malloc(sizeof(wchar_t)*unicodeLen); 20 // 开始向缓冲区转换字节 21 MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), -1, pUnicode, unicodeLen); 22 wstring ret_str = pUnicode; 23 free(pUnicode); 24 return ret_str; 25 } 26 string UnicodeToAscii(const wstring& wstr) { 27 // 预算-缓冲区中多字节的长度 28 int ansiiLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr); 29 // 给指向缓冲区的指针变量分配内存 30 char *pAssii = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*ansiiLen); 31 // 开始向缓冲区转换字节 32 WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr.c_str(), -1, pAssii, ansiiLen, nullptr, nullptr); 33 string ret_str = pAssii; 34 free(pAssii); 35 return ret_str; 36 } 37 38 wstring Utf8ToUnicode(const string& str) { 39 // 预算-缓冲区中宽字节的长度 40 int unicodeLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0); 41 // 给指向缓冲区的指针变量分配内存 42 wchar_t *pUnicode = (wchar_t*)malloc(sizeof(wchar_t)*unicodeLen); 43 // 开始向缓冲区转换字节 44 MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), -1, pUnicode, unicodeLen); 45 wstring ret_str = pUnicode; 46 free(pUnicode); 47 return ret_str; 48 } 49 string UnicodeToUtf8(const wstring& wstr) { 50 // 预算-缓冲区中多字节的长度 51 int ansiiLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr); 52 // 给指向缓冲区的指针变量分配内存 53 char *pAssii = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*ansiiLen); 54 // 开始向缓冲区转换字节 55 WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr.c_str(), -1, pAssii, ansiiLen, nullptr, nullptr); 56 string ret_str = pAssii; 57 free(pAssii); 58 return ret_str; 59 } 60 61 /************************************ 62 @ Brief: ASSIC转UTF8 63 @ Author: woniu201 64 @ Created: 2018/10/16 65 @ Return: 66 ************************************/ 67 string AsciiToUtf8(const string& str) { 68 return UnicodeToUtf8(AsciiToUnicode(str)); 69 } 70 71 /************************************ 72 @ Brief: UTF8转ASSIC 73 @ Author: woniu201 74 @ Created: 2018/10/16 75 @ Return: 76 ************************************/ 77 string Utf8ToAscii(const string& str) { 78 return UnicodeToAscii(Utf8ToUnicode(str)); 79 }
1 #ifndef _MAIN_H 2 #define _MAIN_H 3 4 #include5 #include <string> 6 #include "include/curl.h" 7 8 using namespace std; 9 10 11 #pragma comment(lib, "ssleay32.lib") 12 #pragma comment(lib, "libcurl.lib") 13 14 string AsciiToUtf8(const string& str); 15 string Utf8ToAscii(const string& str); 16 17 int HttpGet(char* url); 18 int HttpPost(char* url, char* body); 19 int HttpDownload(char* url, char* filePath); 20 #endif
对应libcurl库和头文件下载地址(支持HTTPS)：点击下载
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