ubuntu下安装及配置git的方法

安装Git

一个全新的ubunt系统,需要安装Git(系统是不具有该工具的),方法如下:
在terminel中输入如下命令:

sudo apt-get install git git-core git-gui git-doc git-svn git-cvs gitweb gitk git-email git-daemon-run git-el git-arch

接下来需要检查SSH

因为GitHub会用到SSH,因此需要在shell里检查是否可以连接到GitHub

ssh -T [email protected]

如果看到:

Warning: Permanently added ‘github.com,204.232.175.90’ (RSA) to the list of known hosts. 
Permission denied (publickey).

则说明可以连接。
这里假设你已经就有了GitHub用户(如果没有,需要去注册GitHub)

安装SSH keys(一定要在~/.ssh目录下操作)

在安装GitHub之前,需要先安装SSH keys

第一步:检查是否已井具有ssh keys,如果已经具有,则进行第二步,否则,进行第三步

cd ~/.ssh
ls

第二步:执行如下命令(不具有ssh keys时):

qunzhupu$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[email protected]"

得到结果如下:

qunzhudeMacBook-Air:~ qunzhupu$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[email protected]"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/qunzhupu/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /Users/qunzhupu/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/qunzhupu/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:Rrae8DPfiAIy/KbxJrwBILPH4kkRkklMMxJAeP6LrqA [email protected]
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|%@               |
|*.=              |
|++      o        |
|o+o    o .       |
|+oo.  . S        |
|o+= o  = .       |
|.+o= o  *        |
|o ++= .  = o     |
|Eo+*.  .. o .    |
+----[SHA256]-----+

第三步:将刚刚创建的ssh keys添加到github中

  1. 利用gedit/cat命令,查看id_rsa.pub的内容
  2. 在GitHub中,依次点击Settings -> SSH Keys -> Add SSH Key,将id_rsa.pub文件中的字符串复制进去,注意字符串中没有换行和空格。
    第五步:再次检查SSH连接情况(在~/.ssh目录下):

输入如下命令:

ssh -T [email protected]

如果看到如下所示,则表示添加成功:

Hi 你的用户名! You’ve successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.

此时,发现github上已有了SSH keys

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