关于MongoDB的windows的 安装,可以参考:
http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-window-install.html
关于Linux的安装可以参考:
http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-linux-install.html
使用MongoDB的场景:
A:需要写入大量的数据,但是这些数据的价值并不是太高,比如:日志
B:数据增长量较大,而且数据结构有时候还不一致
C:未来数据会很大。
注意:Mongodb有32位和64位之分,32位为数据库最大容量不能超过2GB
1、下载Linux下MongoDB的安装文件
下载地址:https://www.mongodb.com/download-center#community
选择Linux ,previous Release,然后选择指定版本进行安装,截图如下:
2、将下载好的mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu1404-3.2.11.tgz 解压
3、将mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu1404-3.2.11 中的内容移动到/usr/local/mongodb
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb
mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-ubuntu1404-3.2.11/* /usr/local/mongodb
创建数据库目录
cd /usr/local/mongodb
mkdir -p data/db
创建日志文件的目录
mkdir log
4、配置环境变量/etc/profile
vim /etc/profile
保存文件,让配置文件立即生效
source /etc/profile
5、通过命令的方式启动mongodb的方式如下:
cd /usr/local/mongodb
./bin/mongod -port 27017 -dbpath data/db --logpath log/mongodb.log --rest
注意上面启动的是mongodb的服务端
启动客户端的方式是:
cd /usr/local/mongodb
./bin/mongo mongodb机器ip:27017
查看mongodb的进程的方式:
ps -ef | grep mongodb
杀死mongodb进程的方式:pkill mongod
通过浏览器访问mongodb的控制台,之所以可以访问时因为在启动mongodb的时候后面加了一个 --rest
同理:window上的启动服务器端的示例:
mongod.exe --auth -port 27017 --dbpath "D:\installed\mongoDB\data\db" --logpath "D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\logs\MongoDB.log"
启动客户端的方式:
mongo.exe 127.0.0.1:27017
6、关于启动参数的说明(下面以window下的配置说明为示例):
--auth //安全验证方式启动(即需要用户名和密码)
--dbpath "D:\installed\mongoDB\data\db" //设定数据文件存放地址
--logpath "D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\logs\MongoDB.log" //设定日志文件存放地址
7、通过配置文件来配置Mongodb
首先在/usr/local/mongodb目录下 新建一个文件,文件名任意,在这里取名为:mongodb.conf
# vim mongodb.conf
内容如下:
port=27017
replSet=docdetection #这个是创建副本集的方式
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
logappend=true
fork=true
noauth=true
smallfiles=true
noprealloc=true
rest=true
启动它:
root@localhost:/usr/local/mongodb# ./bin/mongod -f mongodb.conf
启动客户端测试:
root@localhost:/usr/local/mongodb# ./bin/mongo localhost:27017
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.11
connecting to: localhost:27017/test
Server has startup warnings:
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T18:39:14.605+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2017-02-19T18:39:14.606+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T18:39:14.606+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
8、自启动脚本:
vi /etc/mongodb.conf
输入以下内容:
port=27017
replSet=docdetection #这个是创建副本集的方式
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
logappend=true
fork=true
noauth=true
smallfiles=true
noprealloc=true
rest=true
下面加入自启动
cd /etc/init.d/
vi mongodb
添加一下内容:
#!/bin/bash
start() {
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf
}
stop() {
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf --shutdown
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage:$0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit 1
esac
加入自启动:
chkconfig --add mongodb
chmod +x mongodb
chkconfig mongodb on
如果是ubuntu
update-rc.d mongodb defaults
============================start==================================
上面是配置一个集群的情况,下面是配置多个集群的情况:
运行1个主节点,2个从节点中其中是一个仲裁节点(Arb)
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet docdetection -port 27017 --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/db1 --logpath /usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb.log --oplogSize 1024 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet docdetection -port 27018 --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/db2 --logpath /usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb2.log --oplogSize 1024 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --replSet docdetection -port 27019 --dbpath /usr/local/mongodb/data/db3 --logpath /usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb3.log --oplogSize 1024 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
其中:docdetection是副本集的名字,节点必须相同,--dbpath指定数据库存储路径,-port指定侦听端口,--oplogSize指定数据同步之间的缓存的空间大小,暂时指定1G。选择27107为主节点,进入27017
初始化副本集需要配置表,申明配置表如下:
mongo localhost:27017
注意_id和副本集启动的共享名称一致。下面来逐步添加节点的数据信息:
config = {_id: "docdetection", members: []}
config.members.push({_id: 0, host: "localhost:27017"})
config.members.push({_id: 1, host: "localhost:27018"})
config.members.push({_id: 2, host: "localhost:27019", arbiterOnly: true})
也可以使用rs.add和rs.addArb函数来实现同样的操作。然后需要用这个表作为参数初始化副本集,在27017端口的shell执行下面的内容:
rs.initiate(config)
返回ok为1表示初始化成功,三个节点互相检测通信,可以查看三个终端窗口的信息确认,完成通信后,在27017端口的shell回车执行命令确认配置。
rs.isMaster()
注意到27017端口的实例ismaster为ture,secondary为false,hosts有2个实例,arbiter有1个元素,primary关键key表示了主节点,通信完成几次回车后可以看到27017的端口shell的提示符已经改变,更改为application:PRIMARY,查看更详细的信息:
rs.status()
显示了每个节点的健康状况,名称,启动的时间,节点的类型等。
rs.conf()
插入测试数据:
db.users.insert({username: "visionwang", age: 26})
下面是替代上面启动mongod的方式。(因为使用上面的mongod的方式启动时不时自动停掉mongodb的服务器,所以下面需要让服务不停掉,需要按照下面的方式进行配置)
vim /etc/mongodb1.conf
内容是:
port=27017
replSet=docdetection #这个是创建副本集的方式
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db1
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb1.log
logappend=true
fork=true
noauth=true
smallfiles=true
noprealloc=true
rest=true
vim /etc/mongodb2.conf
port=27018
replSet=docdetection #这个是创建副本集的方式
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db2
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb2.log
logappend=true
fork=true
noauth=true
smallfiles=true
noprealloc=true
rest=true
port=27019
replSet=docdetection #这个是创建副本集的方式
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data/db3
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb3.log
logappend=true
fork=true
noauth=true
smallfiles=true
noprealloc=true
rest=true
cd /etc/init.d/
vi mongodb
添加一下内容:
#!/bin/bash
start() {
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb1.conf
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb2.conf
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb3.conf
}
stop() {
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb1.conf --shutdown
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb2.conf --shutdown
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongodb3.conf --shutdown
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage:$0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit 1
esac
如果是ubuntu
update-rc.d mongodb defaults
============================end==================================
若方便重启,可以使用reboot重启测试(也可以不重启进行测试)
测试如下:
root@localhost:/etc/init.d# ./mongodb start
note: noprealloc may hurt performance in many applications
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 13622
child process started successfully, parent exiting
root@localhost:/etc/init.d# ./mongodb stop
note: noprealloc may hurt performance in many applications
killing process with pid: 13738
root@localhost:/etc/init.d# ./mongodb restart
note: noprealloc may hurt performance in many applications
There doesn't seem to be a server running with dbpath: /usr/local/mongodb/data/db
note: noprealloc may hurt performance in many applications
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 13764
child process started successfully, parent exiting
root@localhost:/etc/init.d# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo
mongo mongodump mongofiles mongooplog mongorestore mongosniff mongotop
mongod mongoexport mongoimport mongoperf mongos mongostat
root@localhost:/etc/init.d# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo admin
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.11
connecting to: admin
Server has startup warnings:
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T20:48:05.038+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
> show dbs
local 0.000GB
>
以管理员身份进入管理后台
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo admin
发现结果是:
root@localhost:/usr/local/mongodb# ./bin/mongo admin
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.11
connecting to: admin
Server has startup warnings:
2017-02-19T20:33:58.602+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2017-02-19T20:33:58.602+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2017-02-19T20:33:58.603+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
> show dbs;
local 0.000GB
经过以上步步骤使得mongodb通过脚本自动启动
9、Windows下创建MongoDB的启动服务
A:在MongoDB目录下新建一个logs文件夹用于存放日志文件,然后组合键win + x + a,打开管理员命令提示符。 在左侧选择管理员:命令提示符
C:\WINDOWS\system32>echo logpath=D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\logs\MongoDB.log > "D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\mongod.cfg"B:准备工作已经做完,下面开始最重要的一步,使用SC命令创建MongoDB服务:
C:\WINDOWS\system32>sc.exe create MongoDB binpath="D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\bin\mongod.exe --service --config=D:\installed\mongoDB\docCheck\mongod.cfg"
[SC] CreateService 成功
C:\WINDOWS\system32>
C:开启服务,使用如下命令:
C:\WINDOWS\system32>net start MongoDB
MongoDB 服务已经启动成功。
截图如下:
然后win + r,输入services.msc打开windows服务列表,你会看到一个名称为MongoDB,状态为"正在运行"的服务。
到此为止你就可以从服务中启动MongoDB,然后使用它的服务而不用一直保留着另一个服务端的DOS窗口了。
10、另外,还可以通过Robomongo验证mongodb是否可以远程连接