Hive之——启动问题及解决方案

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问题1：

Caused by: javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: Required table missing : "`VERSION`" in Catalog "" Schema "". DataNucleus requires this table to perform its persistence operations. Either your MetaData is incorrect, or you need to enable "datanucleus.autoCreateTables"
NestedThrowables:
org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.exceptions.MissingTableException: Required table missing : "`VERSION`" in Catalog "" Schema "". DataNucleus requires this table to perform its persistence operations. Either your MetaData is incorrect, or you need to enable "datanucleus.autoCreateTables"
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:461)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:732)
        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.makePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:752)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.setMetaStoreSchemaVersion(ObjectStore.java:6664)

解决方法：
查看并跟踪hive的源码得出

 if ((this.readOnlyDatastore) || (this.fixedDatastore))  
 {  
   this.autoCreateTables = false;  
   this.autoCreateColumns = false;  
   this.autoCreateConstraints = false;  
 }  
 else  
 {  
   boolean autoCreateSchema = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.autoCreateSchema");  
   if (autoCreateSchema)  
   {  
     this.autoCreateTables = true;  
     this.autoCreateColumns = true;  
     this.autoCreateConstraints = true;  
   }  
   else
   {  
     this.autoCreateColumns = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.autoCreateColumns");  
     this.autoCreateTables = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.autoCreateTables");  
     this.autoCreateConstraints = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.autoCreateConstraints");  
   }
 }

看来关键是 this.readOnlyDatastore和this.fixedDatastore 这2个字段而且autoCreateSchema 这个设置为true 就可以决定了其他的设置，所以其他设置在此都无效了。继续追踪org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager 发现了这2个字段的设置代码

  this.readOnlyDatastore = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.readOnlyDatastore");
  this.fixedDatastore = conf.getBooleanProperty("datanucleus.fixedDatastore");  

修改的配置的内容如下

    datanucleus.readOnlyDatastore
    false

 
    datanucleus.fixedDatastore
    false 

 
    datanucleus.autoCreateSchema 
    true 


    datanucleus.autoCreateTables
    true


    datanucleus.autoCreateColumns
    true

或者将：

    datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll
    false
    creates necessary schema on a startup if one doesn't exist. set this to false, after creating it once
 

修改为

    datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll
    true
    creates necessary schema on a startup if one doesn't exist. set this to false, after creating it once
 

问题2：

16/06/02 10:49:52 WARN conf.HiveConf: DEPRECATED: Configuration property hive.metastore.local no longer has any effect. Make sure to provide a valid value for hive.metastore.uris if you are connecting to a remote metastore.
16/06/02 10:49:52 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/usr/local/hive/lib/hive-common-0.14.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: rwx--x--x
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:444)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:672)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:616)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:160)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: rwx--x--x
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createRootHDFSDir(SessionState.java:529)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:478)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:430)
        ... 7 more

解决方法：

[root@hadoop ~]# hadoop fs -chmod -R 777 /tmp/hive
[root@hadoop ~]# hadoop fs -ls /tmp
Found 1 items
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2016-06-02 08:48 /tmp/hive

问题3：

16/06/02 09:33:13 WARN conf.HiveConf: DEPRECATED: Configuration property hive.metastore.local no longer has any effect. Make sure to provide a valid value for hive.metastore.uris if you are connecting to a remote metastore.
16/06/02 09:33:13 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/usr/local/hive/lib/hive-common-0.14.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.ConnectException: Call to hadoop/192.168.52.139:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:444)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:672)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:616)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:160)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Call to hadoop/192.168.52.139:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused

解决方法:
此问题是因为 hadoop没有启动，启动hadoop后问题解决
问题4：

[root@hadoop ~]# hive
16/06/02 09:38:06 WARN conf.HiveConf: DEPRECATED: Configuration property hive.metastore.local no longer has any effect. Make sure to provide a valid value for hive.metastore.uris if you are connecting to a remote metastore.
16/06/02 09:38:06 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist
Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/usr/local/hive/lib/hive-common-0.14.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive>

解决方法：
在0.10  0.11或者之后的HIVE版本 hive.metastore.local 属性不再使用。
在配置文件里面：

 
 	hive.metastore.local
  	false
  	controls whether to connect to remove metastore server or open a new metastore server in Hive Client JVM

删除掉，再次登录警告就消失了
问题5：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: ${system:java.io.tmpdir%7D/$%7Bsystem:user.name%7D
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:444)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:672)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:616)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:160)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: ${system:java.io.tmpdir%7D/$%7Bsystem:user.name%7D
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.initialize(Path.java:148)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.(Path.java:126)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:487)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:430)
        ... 7 more
Caused by: java.net.URISyntaxException: Relative path in absolute URI: ${system:java.io.tmpdir%7D/$%7Bsystem:user.name%7D
        at java.net.URI.checkPath(URI.java:1804)
        at java.net.URI.(URI.java:752)
        at org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path.initialize(Path.java:145)
        ... 10 more

解决方法：
在配置文件hive-site.xml里找"system:java.io.tmpdir"把他们都换成绝对路径如：/home/grid/apache-hive-0.14.0-bin/iotmp
hive-site.xml 完整的内容如下：

     
        javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL 
        jdbc:mysql://192.168.52.139:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExsit=true;characterEncoding=UTF-8 
     
     
        javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName 
        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
    
        javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
        hive
    
     
        javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword 
        hive 
     

    
        datanucleus.readOnlyDatastore
        false
    
     
        datanucleus.fixedDatastore
        false 
    

     
        datanucleus.autoCreateSchema 
        true 
    
    
    
        datanucleus.autoCreateTables
        true
    

    
        datanucleus.autoCreateColumns
        true
    

问题6：

hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: MetaException(message:Got exception: javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException An exception was thrown while adding/validating class(es) : Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

分析：

由于mysql的最大索引长度导致，MySQL的varchar主键只支持不超过768个字节 或者 768/2=384个双字节 或者 768/3=256个三字节的字段 而 GBK是双字节的，UTF-8是三字节的。

解决方案：

数据库的字符集除了system为utf8，其他最好为latin1，否则可能出现如上异常，在mysql机器的上运行:

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
mysql>alter database 库名 character set latin1;
mysql>flush privileges;