Python 错误集锦
问题1：AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'iteritems'
AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'iteritems'解决1：
Python3.x中：iteritems变为items问题2：TypeError: 'range' object doesn't support item deletion
TypeError: 'range' object doesn't support item deletion解决2：
#提示错误行
del(trainingSet[randIndex])#检查trainingSet
trainingSet = range(2*minLen)#修改为
trainingSet = list(range(2*minLen));问题3：IndexError: list index out of range
IndexError: list index out of range解决3：
1、范围问题
value无对应的index，造成越界
解决：增加临界判断语句，或者采取+-1
2、list为空，当list[0]会出现该错误
3、数据问题（有空行）
如下处理文件时，文件有空行
lenses=[inst.strip().split('\t') for inst in fr.readlines()]解决：删除空行。
问题4：AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'shape'
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'shape'解决4：
list 转换为 matrix
#list转矩阵，矩阵行合并
x = [[1.1,2.1,3.1],[1.2,2.2,3.2],[1.3,2.3,3.3]]
m = np.array(x)
print(m)Out[1]:
array([[ 1.1, 2.1, 3.1],
[ 1.2, 2.2, 3.2],
[ 1.3, 2.3, 3.3]])#list转矩阵，矩阵列合并
x = [[1.1,2.1,3.1],[1.2,2.2,3.2],[1.3,2.3,3.3]]
#将其转换为矩阵，表示三行三列，每一行表示一个点的信息
m = np.array(x).T
print(m)Out[2]:
array([[ 1.1, 1.2, 1.3],
[ 2.1, 2.2, 2.3],
[ 3.1, 3.2, 3.3]])简单说：
a=([1,2,3,4]) #list
np.array(a) #将a转化为numpy的array
a.tolist() #将a转化为python的list问题5： TypeError: %d format: a number is required, not list
TypeError: %d format: a number is required, not list
解决5：
#If you use the newer string formatting, there is no need to specify the type.
TypeError: float() argument must be a string or a number, not 'list'
# old
old_method = "%d,%d,%d" % (1, 2, 3)
# new (2.7)
new_method = "{},{},{}".format(1, 2, 3)问题6：
Python3.6中比较数字和列表中的数字
解决6：
method1：
import operator
a = 5
b = list(range(5))
print(all([operator.gt(a, i) for i in b]))结果：
Truemethod2：
a = 5
b = list(range(5))
print(a==b[5])
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "" , line 1, in
print(a==b[5])
IndexError: list index out of range 有错？ 不要忘了 list from 0
print(a==b[4])
False问题7 :IndentationError: expected an indented block
IndentationError: expected an indented block解决7：
解释：IndentationError：预计有一个缩进块
查看缩进，即可解决。
问题8 :Python UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0xe9
Python文件读取报错
Python UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0xe9解决8：
在使用Python 3.5版本编码的过程中，直接open(filename,’r’),总是报错：Python UnicodeDecodeError: ‘gbk’ codec can’t decode byte 0xe9但是在用Python2.7版本的时候却什么错误都没有
解决方案：
在头文件中增加import codecs
然后将open(filename,’r’),改成：codecs.open(filename,’r’,encoding=’iso-8859-15’)问题得到解决
问题9：getHTMLText() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given
import requests
def getHTMLText(self):
try:
r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
r.raise_for_status() #if status =!200 except
r.encoding = "utf-8" #encoding change to utf-8
return r.text
except:
return ""
url = "http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2018.html"
print(getHTMLText(url))---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
59-b72e2f1d5033> in ()
12 return ""
13 url = "http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2018.html"
---> 14 print(getHTMLText(url))
TypeError: getHTMLText() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given 解决9：
My getHTMLTextmethod needs ‘self’ as a parameter, since it is a class method and not a function. Adding that should make it work fine.