linux ext4无法使用超过16T磁盘的解决办法
系统
环境：Centos6.7 x86_64 己updte
磁盘：12*4T raid5 +hot
说明：操作系统与归档都使用同一个raid5
应用环境：邮局系统【文件大小从1K到100K不等，除附件】
一、查看分区 【fdisk -l】
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[root
@localhost
sysadmin]# fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on
'/dev/sda'
! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.
Disk /dev/sda:
40000.0
GB,
39999997214720
bytes
255
heads,
63
sectors/track,
4863055
cylinders
Units = cylinders of
16065
*
512
=
8225280
bytes
Sector size (logical/physical):
512
bytes /
512
bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal):
512
bytes /
512
bytes
Disk identifier:
0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1
1
267350
2147483647
+ ee GPT
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说明：此时文件系统己经超过16T，OS默认将其转换成了GPT格式的，所以使用fdisk无法查看到准确的分区信息。
二、使用parted 查看分区信息
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[root
@localhost
sysadmin]# parted
GNU Parted
2.1
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type
'help'
to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: LSI AOC-USAS2LP-H8iR (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda:
40
.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1
1049kB 525MB 524MB ext4
2
525MB 263GB 262GB ext4
3
263GB 284GB
21
.0GB ext4
4
284GB 288GB 4295MB linux-swap(v1)
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三、将余下的空间都分为/archive 作为归档的根目录
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(parted) mkpart /archive 288G -
1
(parted) p
Model: LSI AOC-USAS2LP-H8iR (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda:
40
.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1
1049kB 525MB 524MB ext4
2
525MB 263GB 262GB ext4
3
263GB 284GB
21
.0GB ext4
4
284GB 288GB 4295MB linux-swap(v1)
5
288GB
40
.0TB
39
.7TB /archive
(parted)q
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四、查看分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5
[root@localhost ~]#
说明：此时己经找到新的分区【sda5】
五、修改/etc/mke2fd.conf
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#vim /etc/mke2fs.conf
[fs_types]
ext3 = {
features = has_journal
}
ext4 = {
features = has_journal,extent,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize
auto_64-bit_support =
1
#添加这一行
inode_size =
256
}
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六、下载e2fsprogs-1.42.13.tar.gz
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[root
@localhost
~]# wget -c http:
//jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs/v1.42.8/e2fsprogs-1.42.13.tar.gz
[root
@localhost
e2fsprogs-
1.42
.
13
]# pwd
/home/sysadmin/e2fsprogs-
1.42
.
13
[root
@localhost
e2fsprogs-
1.42
.
13
]# cd build/
[root
@localhost
build]# ../configure
....
[root
@localhost
build]# make && make install
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七、格式化分区
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[root
@localhost
~]# mke2fs -O 64bit,has_journal,extents,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize -i
2048
/dev/sda5
[root
@localhost
build]# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID=
"908a3c8e-6d6a-4e01-8cad-2094ea99751f"
TYPE=
"ext4"
/dev/sda3: UUID=
"b533714f-4cb9-4394-907d-8d1ead424c85"
TYPE=
"ext4"
/dev/sda2: UUID=
"0a0ec20e-b50b-4d89-9fa6-65602e4e8a3d"
TYPE=
"ext4"
/dev/sda4: TYPE=
"swap"
UUID=
"b8e89719-670f-4b26-bbf3-86d13a1f935e"
/dev/sda5: UUID=
"3b5789ee-94c2-4296-bd99-5669200d826a"
TYPE=
"ext4"
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注：
mke2fs格式说明：
-b<区块大小>：指定区块大小，单位为字节；
-c；检查是否有损坏的区块；
-f<不连续区段大小>：指定不连续区段的大小，单位为字节；
-F：不管指定的设备为何，强制执行mke2fs；
-i<字节>：指定"字节/inode"的比例；
-N：指定要建立的inode数目；
-l<文件>：从指定的文件中，读取文件西中损坏区块的信息；
-L<标签>：设置文件系统的标签名称；
-m<百分比值>：指定给管理员保留区块的比例，预设为5%；
-M：记录最后一次挂入的目录； -q：执行时不显示任何信息；
-r：指定要建立的ext2文件系统版本；
-R=<区块数>：设置磁盘阵列参数；
-S：仅写入superblock与group descriptors，而不更改inode able inode bitmap以及block bitmap；
-v：执行时显示详细信息；
-V：显示版本信息。
八、将对应的分区挂载即可以使用
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[root
@localhost
build]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 20G
2
.4G 16G
14
% /
tmpfs
7
.8G
0
7
.8G
0
% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 80M 372M
18
% /boot
/dev/sda2 241G 120M 228G
1
% /home
/dev/sda5 36T 20K 34T
1
% /archive
[root
@localhost
build]# df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/sda3
1281120
91214
1189906
8
% /
tmpfs
2040386
1
2040385
1
% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1
128016
46
127970
1
% /boot
/dev/sda2
16007168
1955
16005213
1
% /home
/dev/sda5
4293781536
11
4293781525
1
% /archive
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九、查看磁盘信息
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[root
@localhost
build]# tune2fs -l /dev/sda5
tune2fs
1.42
.
13
(
17
-May-
2015
)
Filesystem volume name:
Last mounted on:
Filesystem UUID: 3b5789ee-94c2-
4296
-bd99-5669200d826a
Filesystem magic number:
0xEF53
Filesystem revision #:
1
(dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count:
4293781536
Block count:
9695327232
Reserved block count:
484766361
Free blocks:
9426221107
Free inodes:
4293781525
First block:
0
Block size:
4096
Fragment size:
4096
Group descriptor size:
64
Blocks per group:
32768
Fragments per group:
32768
Inodes per group:
14512
Inode blocks per group:
907
Flex block group size:
16
Filesystem created: Thu Oct
15
15
:
27
:
56
2015
Last mount time: Thu Oct
15
15
:
33
:
50
2015
Last write time: Thu Oct
15
15
:
33
:
50
2015
Mount count:
1
Maximum mount count:
33
Last checked: Thu Oct
15
15
:
27
:
56
2015
Check interval:
15552000
(
6
months)
Next check after: Tue Apr
12
15
:
27
:
56
2016
Lifetime writes:
202
MB
Reserved blocks uid:
0
(user root)
Reserved blocks gid:
0
(group root)
First inode:
11
Inode size:
256
Required extra isize:
28
Desired extra isize:
28
Journal inode:
8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: 56a5949a-5a49-4bc9-810d-9a9e2aa2109b
Journal backup: inode blocks
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