Unity 实时阴影新方案

大家都知道，实时光产生阴影的性能开销很大，为了在移动端有更好的性能表现，所以在网上参考了一些方案，总结了一个阴影shader去解决实时光性能开销过大的问题。

1.阴影shader，产生阴影的物体需要使用这个shader

Shader "Custom/PlayerShadow"
{
	Properties
	{
		_MainTex ("Texture", 2D) = "white" {}
		_ShadowInvLen ("ShadowInvLen", float) = 1.0 //0.4449261
		_Power("Power", Range(0,2)) = 1.7
		_Alpha("Alpha",Range(0,1)) = 1.0
	}

	SubShader
	{
		Tags{ "RenderType" = "Opaque" "Queue" = "Geometry+10" }
		LOD 100

		Pass
		{
			CGPROGRAM

			#pragma vertex vert
			#pragma fragment frag
			// make fog work
			#pragma multi_compile_fog

			#include "UnityCG.cginc"

			struct appdata
			{
				float4 vertex : POSITION;
				float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
			};

			struct v2f
			{
				float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
				UNITY_FOG_COORDS(1)
				float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
			};

			sampler2D _MainTex;
			float4 _MainTex_ST;
			fixed _Power;
			
			v2f vert (appdata v)
			{
				v2f o;
				o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
				o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv, _MainTex);
				UNITY_TRANSFER_FOG(o,o.vertex);
				return o;
			}

			fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
			{
				// sample the texture
				fixed4 col = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv) * _Power;

				// apply fog
				//UNITY_APPLY_FOG(i.fogCoord, col);
				return col;
			}

			ENDCG
		}

		Pass
		{
			Blend SrcAlpha  OneMinusSrcAlpha
			ZWrite Off
			Cull Back
			ColorMask RGB

			Stencil
			{
				Ref 0
				Comp Equal
				WriteMask 255
				ReadMask 255
				//Pass IncrSat
				Pass Invert
				Fail Keep
				ZFail Keep
			}

			CGPROGRAM

			#pragma vertex vert
			#pragma fragment frag

			float4 _ShadowPlane; //渲染的地面
			float4 _ShadowProjDir; //渲染的光源点，这里只是记录点的位置，用于计算阴影的投影
			float4 _WorldPos;
			float _ShadowInvLen; //阴影的长度
			float4 _ShadowFadeParams; //阴影渐变的参数
			float _Alpha;
			struct appdata
			{
				float4 vertex : POSITION;
			};

			struct v2f
			{
				float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
				float3 xlv_TEXCOORD0 : TEXCOORD0;
				float3 xlv_TEXCOORD1 : TEXCOORD1;
			};

			v2f vert(appdata v)
			{
				v2f o;

				float3 lightdir = normalize(_ShadowProjDir); //单位化光照方向向量
				float3 worldpos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz; //模型坐标转成世界坐标
				// _ShadowPlane.w = p0 * n  // 平面的w分量就是p0 * n
				float distance = (_ShadowPlane.w - dot(_ShadowPlane.xyz, worldpos)) / dot(_ShadowPlane.xyz, lightdir.xyz); //计算阴影的长度
				worldpos = worldpos + distance * lightdir.xyz; //影子的投影点
				o.vertex = mul(unity_MatrixVP, float4(worldpos, 1.0));
				o.xlv_TEXCOORD0 = _WorldPos.xyz;
				o.xlv_TEXCOORD1 = worldpos;  //影子投影的点组成的纹理
				return o;
			}

			float4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target
			{
				float3 posToPlane_2 = (i.xlv_TEXCOORD0 - i.xlv_TEXCOORD1);
				float4 color;
				color.xyz = float3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
				color.w = (pow((1.0 - clamp(((sqrt(dot(posToPlane_2, posToPlane_2)) * _ShadowInvLen) - _ShadowFadeParams.x), 0.0, 1.0)), _ShadowFadeParams.y) * _ShadowFadeParams.z);  //透明度渐变计算
				color.a = color.a*_Alpha;
				return color;
			}

			ENDCG
		}
	}
}

2.控制脚本，通过获取场景中的所有运用了阴影shader的材质。需要给定一个光源位置（空物体即可，不需要light），需要一个正交相机（不是你的主相机）

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using Qarth;
using System;

namespace GameWish.Game
{
    public class ShadowController : TMonoSingleton
    {
        [SerializeField]
        private GameObject m_Light;//模拟光源的位置
        [SerializeField]
        private List m_LstMat = new List();
        [SerializeField]
        private Vector4 m_ShadowPlane = new Vector4(0f, 0.4f, 0.0f, 0.0f);

        private void Awake()
        {
            RefreshRender();
            EventSystem.S.Register(EventID.OnMeshChange, OnMeshChange);
        }

        private void OnMeshChange(int key, object[] param)
        {
            RefreshRender();
        }

        private void RefreshRender()
        {
            m_LstMat.Clear();
            MeshRenderer[] renderlist = GetComponentsInChildren();
            SkinnedMeshRenderer[] skinRenderlist = GetComponentsInChildren();
            for (int i = 0; i < renderlist.Length; i++)
            {
                if (renderlist[i] == null)
                    continue;
                if (renderlist[i].materials != null)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < renderlist[i].materials.Length; j++)
                    {
                        if (renderlist[i].materials[j].shader.name == "Custom/PlayerShadow")
                            m_LstMat.Add(renderlist[i].materials[j]);
                    }
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < skinRenderlist.Length; i++)
            {
                if (skinRenderlist[i] == null)
                    continue;
                if (skinRenderlist[i].materials != null)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < skinRenderlist[i].materials.Length; j++)
                    {
                        if (skinRenderlist[i].materials[j].shader.name == "Custom/PlayerShadow")
                            m_LstMat.Add(skinRenderlist[i].materials[j]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        void Update()
        {
            UpdateShader();
        }

        private void UpdateShader()
        {
            if (m_Light == null)
                return;

            foreach (var mat in m_LstMat)
            {
                if (mat == null)
                    continue;
                mat.SetVector("_WorldPos", transform.position);
                mat.SetVector("_ShadowProjDir", m_Light.transform.forward);
                mat.SetVector("_ShadowPlane", m_ShadowPlane);
                mat.SetVector("_ShadowFadeParams", new Vector4(1f, 0.9f, 0.8f, 0.7f));
            }
        }
    }

}

有问题欢迎大家提出~  参考文献：https://blog.csdn.net/dingxiaowei2013/article/details/84237331