swift的学习1

私有懒加载写法

 private lazy var messageLabel: UILabel = {
    let label = UILabel()
    label.text = "关注一些人,回这里看看有什么惊喜"
    label.textColor = UIColor.darkGrayColor()
    label.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(14)
    label.numberOfLines = 0
    label.sizeToFit()
    return label
    }()

替换控制器的View

 override func loadView() {
        view = webView
    }
// MARK: - 懒加载
    private lazy var webView: UIWebView = {
        let wv = UIWebView()
        return wv
    }()

swift中不存在隐式类型转换,但可以使用显示类型转换(强转)

var intValue:Int = 10
var doubleValue:Double
doubleValue = Double(intValue)

可选值

//有值的写法:
var optValue1: Int? = 9
//没有值的写法:
var optValue2: Int?
var optValue3: Int? = nil


//可选绑定
为了更安全的解析可选类型的值, 一般情况下使用可选绑定
如果optValue没有值就不会做任何操作, 如果optValue有值会返回true并将optValue的值赋值给result执行大括号中的内容

var optValue: Int? = 9
if let result3 = optValue
{
    print(result3)
}

字符和字符串

//字符
var charValue1:Character = "a"  //正确
var charValue1:Character = "ab" //错误写法,只能一个字符

//字符串
var stringValue1 = "ab"

//字符串常用方法
1.计算字符串长度
var stringValue = "abc李"
print(stringValue.characters.count);

2.字符串拼接
var str1 = "abc";
var str2 = "lnj";
var str = str1 + str2;
print(str)

3.字符串和其他数据类型的拼接
var index = 1
var str3 = "http://www.520it.com/pic/\(index).png"

4.字符串格式化
比如时间:12:03:04
let hour = 12
let min = 3
let second = 4
let time = String(format: "%02d:%02d:%02d", arguments: [hour,min, second])

5.字符串之间比较
var str4 = "abc";
var str5 = "abc";
if str4 == str5
{
    print("相等");
}else
{
    print("不相等");
}

6.字符串前缀和后缀判断
var str8 = "http://www.520it.com"
if str8.hasPrefix("http") {
    print("是url");
}

if str8.hasSuffix(".com") {
    print("是顶级域名");
}

7.字符串大小转换
var str9 = "abc.txt";
print(str9.uppercaseString)
print(str9.lowercaseString)

8.字符串截取
let hp = "Happy New Year"
var newHp = hp as NSString
let h = newHp.substringToIndex(5)
print(h)   //打印出:Happy

数组

for i in 1...5   //包括5在内
{
    print(i)
}

for i in 1..<5  //不包括5在内
{
    print(i)
}

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