下面是培臻教育小编为大家整理的一篇关于BMAT考试：2016年能力与技巧练习（32-35）的文章，供大家参考，下面是详细内容。
BMAT考试：能力与技巧练习
Vegetable oils in the modern diet
Vegetable oils other than olive oil were not
introduced in significant amounts into the human diet until the early part of
the 20th century. Some people believe that, as we are the genetic product of a
hunter–gathererculture, these are not natural to us as they do not match certain balances ofnutrients humans had when they fed mainly on such things as grain, berries andanimals and most of our fat came from animal carcasses. They go on to arguethat there has not been enough time since those days for evolution to havechanged the nutritional requirements of humans.
Vegetable oils used in cooking, salad oils,
margarine and processed foods can supply around 15% of the total daily energy
intake in a western diet. This has had the result of raising the dietary ratio
of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids to its current value of more than fifteen to
one. In hunter–gathererdiets, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio was closer to two to one.
However, recent research has indicated that thereare benefits to the heart from eating fats which have a high polyunsaturatecontent, as many vegetable oils do. One study has suggested that for every 5%increase in polyunsaturated fat consumption there was a 10% fall in heartdisease.
Some key factors which are thought by some to leadto a healthier diet are as follows:
the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids.
the erucic acid content: in 2003, Food Standards Australia set a ProvisionalTolerable Daily Intake (PTDI) of about 500 mg/day of erucic acid.
the percentage of polyunsaturates: it is recommended that adults get no more than11% of their energy from saturated fats. Vegetable oils have an energy contentof about 3700 kJ/100g.
The typical fat consumption of an adult in the EUwas estimated in the year 2015 to be 143 grams per day total fat of which 30%was vegetable oils.
The table below shows the fatty acid composition ofa number of common oils.
What is the polyunsaturate content of a 50:50mixture of olive and sunflower oils as a percentage of the mass of the mixture?
A 37.9%
B 46.7%
C 74.9%
D 75.7%
E 84.6%
Which one of the following is an assumption made inthinking that the optimal omega-6/omega-3 ratio is approximately two to one?
A The balance of nutrients that humans had when
they fed on hunter–gathererdiets was more appropriate than the balance they get from modern diets.
B There were no significant differences between the
diets of various hunter–gatherer groups around the world.
C The recent 10% fall in heart disease was relatedmore to the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 than to the overall fat consumption.
D The increasing incidence of heart disease hasbeen in line with the increased use of vegetable oils in cooking.
E Imbalances in the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3caused by increased consumption of vegetable oils can be offset by othercomponents of a diet.
If the only vegetable oil used by a typicalEuropean consumer is canola oil, what is his or her intake of erucic acid as apercentage of the PTDI?
A 26%
B 52%
C 120%
D 172%
E 280%
What would be the percentage of flaxseed oil in amix of flaxseed and sunflower oils if the omega-6/omega-3 ratio were two toone?
A 10%
B 12%
C 20%
D 41%
E 70%
本文转自互联网。更多内容推荐关注：微信名“培臻"(微信号prepzone)。