一. “经济复苏”花式表达
Upturn=upswing 回升，好转；改善，提高
2017经济学人leader 中 On the rise 有这么一句：
1. A synchronised global upturn is under way. Thank stimulus, not the populists
全球经济正在同步上扬，要感谢的是刺激政策而非民粹主义。
Most important, the upswing has nothing to do with Mr Trump’s “America First” economic nationalism. 最重要的是，经济上涨与特朗普“美国第一”的经济民族主义没有任何关系。
2. Today, almost ten years after the most severe financial crisis since the Depression, a broad-based economic upswing is at last under way. In America, Europe, Asia and the emerging markets, for the first time since a brief rebound in 2010,all the burners are firing at once.今天，大萧条之后最严重的金融危机已过去近十年，一场大范围的经济增长终于到来。经历2010年的短暂（别老short, tempor...）反弹之后，美国、欧洲、亚洲和新兴市场第一次一起开动马力。
3.Entrenching the recovery calls for a delicate balancing-act. As inflation expectations rise, central banks will have to weigh the pressure to tighten policy against the risk that, if they go too fast, bond markets and borrowers will suffer. Europe is especially vulnerable, because the European Central Bank is reaching the legal limits of the bond-buying programme it has used to keep money cheap in weak economies. 巩固经济复苏需要精巧的平衡之道。随着通胀预期上升，央行将不得不仔细斟酌采取紧缩政策，以免通胀过快，令证券市场和借款人蒙受损失。欧洲尤其脆弱，因为欧洲央行已接近债券购买计划的法律上限，欧洲央行一直利用这一计划令疲软经济体的货币保持低位
4.Mr Trump’s proposed tax cuts would pump up the economy that now least needs support—and complicate the Fed’s task
特朗普提出的减税会让经济升温，而此刻的经济最不需要支持，减税政策还会让美联储的工作变得更复杂
5.The tussle over who created the recovery is about more than bragging rights. An endorsement for populist economics would favour insurgent parties in countries like France, where the far-right Marine Le Pen is standing for president. It would also favour the wrong policies. 争论是谁成功让经济复苏不只是争夺夸耀的权利。对民粹主义经济学的认可会有利于一些国家的反叛党派，比如法国极右翼的玛丽娜·勒庞（Marine Le Pen）正在参加总统竞选。这也会有利于错误的政策。
请看VOA相关报道：
6.."We have agreed that green shoots have emerged in the international economy and financial markets," said Zhu. However, the economic foundation is far from being sound, and the current situation remains severe, Zhu warned. (VOA)
green shoots是"复苏绿芽"的意思。green shoots按字面翻译是"绿芽、萌芽"，但是在经济领域中，green shoots表示"经济复苏的迹象"（early signs of economic recovery）。
7.. Chinese officials say they see signs that economic growth in China is recovering, but will also be watching to see if the country's massive stimulus effort needs to be expanded.
中国官员表示，他们看到了中国经济恢复成长的迹象，但还要关注是否需要扩充中国现有的大规模经济刺激方案 (VOA)
8.. The head of the U.S. central bank has told Congress that the economy is improving after very slow growth in the first three months of the year美国中央银行行长已告知国会：美国经济继2014年第一季度去掉”及其“缓慢的增长之后，正在逐步复苏。
9.. The U.S. economy is bouncing back following a severe winter that shut down hundreds of businesses and kept American consumers at home. But don’t uncork the champagne just yet, says Bankrate.com senior financial analyst Greg McBride.数百家企业被关闭并且迫使美国消费者足不出户的严冬过后，美国经济正在回暖。“但是现在还不是开香槟庆祝的时候。”银行利率网高级财务分析师格雷格·麦克布莱格表示。
10.. Experts say the number shows some benefit from the White House stimulus package, but that a full recovery is going to take some time.专家表示这些数字表现出受益于白宫的经济刺激计划,但全面复苏需要时间。
11.. What can we learn from Japan’s economic resurgence?
12.. China's economy picks up speed in the April-to-June quarter, a sign that the government's stimulus moves have started to have an impact. (BBC)
13.This dissonance is dangerous. If populist politicians win credit for a more buoyant economy, their policies will gain credence, with potentially devastating effects. As a long-awaited upswing lifts spirits and spreads confidence, the big question is: what lies behind it?（2017经济学人On the rise）
如果将更繁荣的经济归功于民粹政治家，那么他们的政策就将赢得民众信任，这可能会有毁灭性的影响。人们期盼已久的经济增长振奋了精神、传播了信心，现在的重要问题是：究竟是什么推动了增长？
小结： upturn, rebound, upswing, recovery, resurgence, pump up, bounce back, green shoots 等。
二、如何英文多样地道表达“ 经济衰退”？
请看相关VOA英文报道：
1. The UK is in a double-dip recession and the definition of recession – two consecutive quarters of contraction – is arbitrary and unhelpful。
英国陷入了二次探底，关于衰退的定义，连续两个季度出现收缩，有些武断，也没有参考意义。
2. Heavy labor taxes are one reason why Europe entered the downturn with far higher unemployment than America。
高额的劳动力税是欧洲以比美国更高的失业率步入衰退的原因之一。
3.If 2008 was the year of the banking meltdown, then 2009 was the year of the stimulus packages。
如果2008年是银行彻底垮台的一年，那么2009年就是一篮子刺激政策的一年。
4.This would return the economy into a slump。
这将使美国经济再次陷入衰退
5.Many Greeks believe they are caught up in a cycle of decline。
很多希腊人相信他们正处于一轮下降周期之中。
6.Economic forecasters are counting on 2014 to be a breakout year. But whether the economy finally moves past its sluggish growth will rest on several forces playing out differently than they have since the recovery began. Some of the key questions:
预测人士期望2014年能够成为经济实现突破的一年。但经济能否最终摆脱低迷的增长，还要取决于几个因素出现与此轮复苏刚开始时不一样的表现。以下是其中的几个关键因素:
7.And it has slipped sharply relative to others
8.The past decade has been marked by false dawns, in which optimism at the start of a year has been undone—whether by the euro crisis, wobbles in emerging markets, the collapse of the oil price or fears of a meltdown in China.America’s economy has kept growing, but always into a headwind (see page 69). A year ago, the Federal Reserve had expected to raise interest rates four times in 2016. Global frailties put paid to that.
过去十年曾经呈现出多次虚假的曙光。由于欧元危机、新兴市场动荡、油价暴跌或是对中国经济崩溃的担忧等种种原因，一年之初鼓起的乐观情绪最后总是烟消云散。美国的经济在持续增长，但始终遭遇逆风。一年前，美联储原本预计在2016年加息四次。全球经济虚弱让这一计划落空。
小结：recession, decline, downturn, meltdown, slump, decline，sluggish
