Web服务器群集之LAMP平台部署(LAMP架构搭建)

涉及:Linux/Centos7系统 Apache Mysql PHP

一、前言

​ 上一篇文章主要讲述了有关Web与HTTP协议的基础知识,有了这一基础知识理论的奠定,将对我们此次搭建部署LAMP平台的实验有所帮助。

​ LAMP架构是非常成熟的企业网站应用模式之一,其指的是协同工作的一整套系统和相关软件,能够提供动态Web站点服务及其应用开发环境。LAMP是一个缩写词——Linux操作系统、Apache网站服务器、MySQL数据库服务器、PHP(或Perl、Python)网页编程语言。

下面我们通过具体实际操作流程来讲述整个LAMP架构的搭建过程。

二、LAMP架构搭建实际流程(文章最后含详细步骤与相关解释)

​ 一般来说首先安装好Linux操作系统,之前的文章中有关于安装Centos7的安装步骤,这里就不再过多赘述了。

​ 其次是安装Apache、MySQL以及PHP组件,最后使用论坛以测试该架构。下面具体阐述操作这些流程。

相关组件与压缩包资源:

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Q2hz5x85p_8JSnVe--Abtg
提取码:xfqf

资源组件如下:

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# ls -lh
total 63M
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1.1M Dec 13 09:44 apr-1.6.2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 553K Dec 13 09:44 apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9.4M Dec 13 09:44 Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6.3M Dec 13 09:44 httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  32M Dec 13 09:44 mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  14M Dec 13 09:44 php-5.6.11.tar.bz2

2.1Apache组件手工编译安装流程

1.解压三个包

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# tar zxf apr-1.6.2.tar.gz -C /opt/
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# tar zxf apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# tar jxf httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2 -C /opt/
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# ls
apr-1.6.2  apr-util-1.6.0  httpd-2.4.29  rh
[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-1.6.2/ httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr
[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-util-1.6.0/ httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr-util
[root@localhost opt]# cd httpd-2.4.29/srclib/
[root@localhost srclib]# ls
apr  apr-util  Makefile.in
[root@localhost srclib]# cd ..
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE     BuildBin.dsp    emacs-style     LAYOUT        NOTICE            srclib
acinclude.m4     buildconf       httpd.dep       libhttpd.dep  NWGNUmakefile     support
Apache-apr2.dsw  CHANGES         httpd.dsp       libhttpd.dsp  os                test
Apache.dsw       CMakeLists.txt  httpd.mak       libhttpd.mak  README            VERSIONING
apache_probes.d  config.layout   httpd.spec      LICENSE       README.cmake
ap.d             configure       include         Makefile.in   README.platforms
build            configure.in    INSTALL         Makefile.win  ROADMAP
BuildAll.dsp     docs            InstallBin.dsp  modules       server

2.安装所需环境包

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel perl expat-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base                                                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                              | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                  | 165 kB  00:00:00     
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                | 6.0 MB  00:00:12     
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                             | 5.8 MB  00:00:48     
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3 will be installed
......//省略部分内容

Install  4 Packages (+6 Dependent packages)
Upgrade  2 Packages (+6 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 67 M
Downloading packages:

3.参数配置

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/httpd \
> --enable-so \
> --enable-rewrite \
> --enable-charset-lite \
> --enable-cgi 
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
......//省略部分内容
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.29
    Install prefix: /usr/local/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc -std=gnu99
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2 -pthread  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

4.编译与安装(等待时间稍长,mysql耗时更久,请务必耐心)

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# make && make install
Making all in srclib
make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib'
Making all in apr
make[2]: Entering directory `/opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr'
make[3]: Entering directory `/opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr'
/opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr/build/mkdir.sh tools
/bin/sh /opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -g -O2 -pthread 
.......//省略部分内容
mkdir /usr/local/httpd/man
mkdir /usr/local/httpd/man/man1
mkdir /usr/local/httpd/man/man8
mkdir /usr/local/httpd/manual
make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/httpd-2.4.29'
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# 

5.优化启动脚本路径与文件

[root@localhost ~]#  cd
[root@localhost ~]#  cp /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost ~]#  vim /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost ~]#  head /etc/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 35 85 21
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server
#
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@localhost ~]# 

6.主配置文件设置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
[root@localhost ~]# head -197 /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  | tail -1
ServerName www.lokott.com:80
[root@localhost ~]# head -52 /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  | tail -2
Listen 192.168.68.132:80
#Listen 80

7.优化配置文件路径(创建软链接)

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/httpd/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

8.关闭防火墙和SELinux功能

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

9.启动服务——service httpd start

10.测试验证服务是否开启成功

Web服务器群集之LAMP平台部署(LAMP架构搭建)_第1张图片

2.2MySQL组件手工编译安装流程

1.解压缩软件包并且安装环境包

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# tar zxf mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz -C /opt/
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6.26/
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# ls -lh
total 668K
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 BUILD
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  142 Jul 15  2015 BUILD-CMAKE
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 client
drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 cmake
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  22K Jul 15  2015 CMakeLists.txt
drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 wheel   21 Jul 15  2015 cmd-line-utils
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  20K Jul 15  2015 config.h.cmake
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  36K Jul 15  2015 configure.cmake
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  18K Jul 15  2015 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 dbug
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel  102 Jul 15  2015 Docs
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  65K Jul 15  2015 Doxyfile-perfschema
drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 wheel  212 Jul 15  2015 extra
drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 include
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 393K Jul 15  2015 INSTALL-SOURCE
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  247 Jul 15  2015 INSTALL-WIN-SOURCE
drwxr-xr-x.  7 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 libevent
drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 wheel  199 Jul 15  2015 libmysql
drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 wheel  204 Jul 15  2015 libmysqld
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel  221 Jul 15  2015 libservices
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 mysys
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 mysys_ssl
drwxr-xr-x. 14 7161 wheel  207 Jul 15  2015 packaging
drwxr-xr-x.  9 7161 wheel  141 Jul 15  2015 plugin
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 2.5K Jul 15  2015 README
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 regex
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 scripts
drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 wheel  12K Jul 15  2015 sql
drwxr-xr-x.  5 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel  125 Jul 15  2015 sql-common
drwxr-xr-x. 13 7161 wheel  169 Jul 15  2015 storage
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 strings
drwxr-xr-x.  5 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 support-files
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 tests
drwxr-xr-x.  5 7161 wheel  103 Jul 15  2015 unittest
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel   88 Jul 15  2015 VERSION
drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 vio
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel   32 Jul 15  2015 win
drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 wheel 4.0K Jul 15  2015 zlib
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# yum install ncurses-devel cmake autoconf -y
......//省略部分内容

2.参数配置

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# cmake \
> -DCMKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
> -DSYSCONFIDIR=/etc \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/home/mysql/mysql.sock
......//省略部分内容
-- Build files have been written to: /opt/mysql-5.6.26
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# 

3.编译与安装(时间较长,请耐心等待)


[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# make && make install
......//省略部分内容
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/innotest1a
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/run-all-tests
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/innotest2
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/test-wisconsin
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/compare-results
-- Installing: /usr/local/mysql/sql-bench/bench-init.pl
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# 

4.优化处理

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# ls
BUILD                COPYING                  INSTALL-SOURCE      mysys_ssl         strings
BUILD-CMAKE          CPackConfig.cmake        INSTALL-WIN-SOURCE  packaging         support-files
client               CPackSourceConfig.cmake  libevent            plugin            tests
cmake                CTestTestfile.cmake      libmysql            README            unittest
CMakeCache.txt       dbug                     libmysqld           regex             VERSION
CMakeFiles           Docs                     libservices         scripts           VERSION.dep
cmake_install.cmake  Doxyfile-perfschema      make_dist.cmake     source_downloads  vio
CMakeLists.txt       extra                    Makefile            sql               win
cmd-line-utils       include                  man                 sql-bench         zlib
config.h.cmake       info_macros.cmake        mysql-test          sql-common
configure.cmake      install_manifest.txt     mysys               storage
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# \cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# chkconfig mysqld --level 235 on

5.优化命令环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

6.添加程序用户

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

7.初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
> --user=mysql \
> --ldata=/var/lib/mysql \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/home/mysql
.......//省略部分内容
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]#

8.更改启动脚本并启动服务

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /home/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# head -47 /etc/init.d/mysqld |tail -2
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/home/mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# netstat -natp | grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      80619/mysqld    

9.设置管理员密码

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"
Enter password: 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

10.进入数据库验证查看

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.26 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26]# 

2.3PHP组件手工编译安装流程

1.解压缩软件包并且安装所需环境

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# tar jxf php-5.6.11.tar.bz2 -C /opt/
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# yum install -y gd libpng libpng-devel libjpeg-devel pcre libxml2-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Package gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package pcre-8.32-17.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libjpeg-turbo-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.90-8.el7 will be installed
.......//省略部分内容

2.参数配置设置

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# cd /opt/php-5.6.11/
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# ls
acinclude.m4      install-sh           README.EXT_SKEL                   sapi
aclocal.m4        LICENSE              README.GIT-RULES                  scripts
build             ltmain.sh            README.input_filter               server-tests-config.php
buildconf         main                 README.MAILINGLIST_RULES          server-tests.php
buildconf.bat     makedist             README.md                         snapshot
CODING_STANDARDS  Makefile.frag        README.namespaces                 stamp-h.in
config.guess      Makefile.gcov        README.NEW-OUTPUT-API             stub.c
config.sub        Makefile.global      README.PARAMETER_PARSING_API      tests
configure         makerpm              README.REDIST.BINS                travis
configure.in      missing              README.RELEASE_PROCESS            TSRM
CREDITS           mkinstalldirs        README.SELF-CONTAINED-EXTENSIONS  UPGRADING
ext               netware              README.STREAMS                    UPGRADING.INTERNALS
EXTENSIONS        NEWS                 README.SUBMITTING_PATCH           vcsclean
footer            pear                 README.TESTING                    win32
generated_lists   php5.spec.in         README.TESTING2                   Zend
genfiles          php.gif              README.UNIX-BUILD-SYSTEM
header            php.ini-development  README.WIN32-BUILD-SYSTEM
INSTALL           php.ini-production   run-tests.php

3.编译与安装

[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php5 \
> --with-gd \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs \
> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
> --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/mysql \
> --enable-mbstring

checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
.....//省略部分内容

4.优化文件与更改主配置文件(PHP作为后端没有启动脚本,主要设置的是配置文件)

[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# make && make install
.......//省略部分内容
/opt/php-5.6.11/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php5/bin
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php5/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers:          /usr/local/php5/include/php/ext/pdo/
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# 

5.将配置文件存放到指定的目录下并且优化命令(创建软链接)

[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# ls
acinclude.m4      INSTALL             NEWS                              README.TESTING2
aclocal.m4        install-sh          pear                              README.UNIX-BUILD-SYSTEM
build             libphp5.la          php5.spec                         README.WIN32-BUILD-SYSTEM
buildconf         libs                php5.spec.in                      run-tests.php
buildconf.bat     libtool             php.gif                           sapi
CODING_STANDARDS  LICENSE             php.ini-development               scripts
config.guess      ltmain.sh           php.ini-production                server-tests-config.php
config.log        main                README.EXT_SKEL                   server-tests.php
config.nice       makedist            README.GIT-RULES                  snapshot
config.status     Makefile            README.input_filter               stamp-h.in
config.sub        Makefile.frag       README.MAILINGLIST_RULES          stub.c
configure         Makefile.fragments  README.md                         tests
configure.in      Makefile.gcov       README.namespaces                 travis
CREDITS           Makefile.global     README.NEW-OUTPUT-API             TSRM
ext               Makefile.objects    README.PARAMETER_PARSING_API      UPGRADING
EXTENSIONS        makerpm             README.REDIST.BINS                UPGRADING.INTERNALS
footer            meta_ccld           README.RELEASE_PROCESS            vcsclean
generated_lists   missing             README.SELF-CONTAINED-EXTENSIONS  win32
genfiles          mkinstalldirs       README.STREAMS                    Zend
header            modules             README.SUBMITTING_PATCH
include           netware             README.TESTING
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php5/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

6.配置主配置文件

[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# vim /etc/httpd.conf 
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# head -256 /etc/httpd.conf |tail -1
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# head -395 /etc/httpd.conf |tail -4
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php  
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# 

7.设置php文件并重启httpd服务

[root@localhost php-5.6.11]# cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# cp index.html index.php
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim index.php 
[root@localhost htdocs]# cat index.php 

[root@localhost htdocs]# service httpd stop
[root@localhost htdocs]# service httpd start

8.本地测试验证

Web服务器群集之LAMP平台部署(LAMP架构搭建)_第2张图片

2.4论坛搭建测试该架构

[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# ls
apr-1.6.2.tar.gz       Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2     php-5.6.11.tar.bz2
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# 
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database lokott;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| lokott             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on lokott.* to 'myuser'@'%' identified by 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# 
[root@localhost LAMP-C7]# unzip Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/
....../省略部分内容
[root@localhost proc]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# ls
httpd-2.4.29  mysql-5.6.26  php-5.6.11  readme  rh  upload  utility
[root@localhost opt]# cd upload/
[root@localhost upload]# cd ..
[root@localhost opt]# ls
httpd-2.4.29  mysql-5.6.26  php-5.6.11  readme  rh  upload  utility
[root@localhost opt]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/lokott
[root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# ls
index.html  index.php  lokott
[root@localhost htdocs]# cd lokott/
[root@localhost lokott]# ls
admin.php  config           data         home.php    misc.php    search.php  uc_client
api        connect.php      favicon.ico  index.php   plugin.php  source      uc_server
api.php    cp.php           forum.php    install     portal.php  static      userapp.php
archiver   crossdomain.xml  group.php    member.php  robots.txt  template
[root@localhost lokott]# 

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此时发现状态都是不可写或者说目录不存在的,这是因为对应的文件目录的属主是root

[root@localhost lokott]# ls -l
total 76
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 2603 Dec 13 12:20 admin.php
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root  163 Dec 13 12:20 api
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  727 Dec 13 12:20 api.php
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   23 Dec 13 12:20 archiver
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   90 Dec 13 12:20 config
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  922 Dec 13 12:20 connect.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  253 Dec 13 12:20 cp.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  106 Dec 13 12:20 crossdomain.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root  216 Dec 13 12:20 data
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 5558 Dec 13 12:20 favicon.ico
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 2110 Dec 13 12:20 forum.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  823 Dec 13 12:20 group.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1223 Dec 13 12:20 home.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 5448 Dec 13 12:20 index.php
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root   64 Dec 13 12:20 install
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1040 Dec 13 12:20 member.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1381 Dec 13 12:20 misc.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1757 Dec 13 12:20 plugin.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  985 Dec 13 12:20 portal.php
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  582 Dec 13 12:20 robots.txt
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1158 Dec 13 12:20 search.php
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root  168 Dec 13 12:20 source
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root   72 Dec 13 12:20 static
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   38 Dec 13 12:20 template
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root   92 Dec 13 12:20 uc_client
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root  241 Dec 13 12:20 uc_server
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1691 Dec 13 12:20 userapp.php
[root@localhost lokott]# chown -R daemon config/
[root@localhost lokott]# chown -R daemon data/
[root@localhost lokott]# chown -R daemon uc_client/
[root@localhost lokott]# chown -R daemon uc_server/

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