今天看cisco的文档,发现一条命令,bgp client-to-client reflection。这两天在实验室学习BGP,发现好多属性自己研究的都不够透彻。回来翻翻TCP/IP路由技术,发现以前在这个知识带你还划过重点,怎么又忘了。看来还是要多做试验才能深刻认识,温故知新,又学到了新东西。

下面是TCP/IP路由技术上对client-to-client的试验。

拓扑如下:

 

BGP进阶学习之client-to-client_第1张图片

所有路由器都处于同一个AS1中。R1R3R4R6建立full-mesh的对等体关系。R3R4R5R6作为R1的客户端,R2为非客户端,R1RR

所有路由器建立IGPospf)互联,每个路由器的loopback0口宣告进ospf

每个路由器的loopback1口宣告进BGP

 

基本配置如下:

R1

R1#sh ip int b

Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.12         12.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.13         13.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.14         14.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.15         15.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.16         16.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

Loopback0                  1.1.1.1         YES manual up                    up     

Loopback1                  10.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up

。。。(omit

 

R1#sh run | b router

router ospf 10

 router-id 1.1.1.1

 log-adjacency-changes

 network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 15.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 16.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

!

router bgp 1

 no synchronization

 bgp router-id 1.1.1.1

bgp log-neighbor-changes

 network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

 neighbor 12.1.1.2 remote-as 1

 neighbor 13.1.1.3 remote-as 1

 neighbor 13.1.1.3 route-reflector-client

 neighbor 14.1.1.4 remote-as 1

 neighbor 14.1.1.4 route-reflector-client

 neighbor 15.1.1.5 remote-as 1

 neighbor 15.1.1.5 route-reflector-client

 neighbor 16.1.1.6 remote-as 1

 neighbor 16.1.1.6 route-reflector-client

 no auto-summary

 

R3.

R3#sh ip int b

Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.13         13.1.1.3        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.23         23.1.1.3        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.34         34.1.1.3        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.35         35.1.1.3        YES manual up                    up     

Loopback0                  3.3.3.3         YES manual up                    up     

Loopback1                  30.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up     

。。。。。(omit

 

R3#sh run | b router

router ospf 10

 router-id 3.3.3.3

 log-adjacency-changes

 network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

!

router bgp 1

 no synchronization

 bgp router-id 3.3.3.3

 bgp log-neighbor-changes

 network 30.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

 neighbor 13.1.1.1 remote-as 1

 neighbor 34.1.1.4 remote-as 1

 neighbor 35.1.1.5 remote-as 1

 no auto-summary

 

R2.

R2#sh ip int b

Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.12         12.1.1.2        YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.23         23.1.1.2        YES manual up                    up     

Loopback0                  2.2.2.2         YES manual up                    up     

Loopback1                  20.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up    

。。。。。(omit

 

R2#sh run | b router

router ospf 10

 router-id 2.2.2.2

 log-adjacency-changes

 network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

!

router bgp 1

 no synchronization

 bgp router-id 2.2.2.2

 bgp log-neighbor-changes

 network 20.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

 neighbor 12.1.1.1 remote-as 1

 no auto-summary

 

R6.

R6#sh ip int b

Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0            unassigned      YES manual up                    up     

FastEthernet0/0.16         16.1.1.6        YES manual up                    up     

Loopback1                  60.1.1.1        YES manual up                    up   

。。。。。(omit

 

R6#sh run | b router

router ospf 10

 router-id 6.6.6.6

 log-adjacency-changes

 network 6.6.6.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 16.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

!

router bgp 1

 no synchronization

 bgp router-id 6.6.6.6

 bgp log-neighbor-changes

 network 60.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

 neighbor 16.1.1.1 remote-as 1

 no auto-summary

 

下面看看R3BGP路由表

R3#sh ip b

。。。。。(omit

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*>i10.1.1.0/24      13.1.1.1                 0    100      0 i

*>i20.1.1.0/24      12.1.1.2                 0    100      0 i

*> 30.1.1.0/24      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i

* i40.1.1.0/24      14.1.1.4                 0    100      0 i

*>i                 34.1.1.4                 0    100      0 i

* i50.1.1.0/24      15.1.1.5                 0    100      0 i

*>i                 35.1.1.5                 0    100      0 i

*>i60.1.1.0/24      16.1.1.6                 0    100      0 i

在看看R1R3发送了那些路由

R1#sh ip b nei 13.1.1.3 ad

R1#sh ip b nei 13.1.1.3 advertised-routes

。。。。(omit

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 10.1.1.0/24      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i

*>i20.1.1.0/24      12.1.1.2                 0    100      0 i

*>i40.1.1.0/24      14.1.1.4                 0    100      0 i

*>i50.1.1.0/24      15.1.1.5                 0    100      0 i

*>i60.1.1.0/24      16.1.1.6                 0    100      0 i

R1#

因为R3,R4.R5建立了full-mesh的路由关系,所以除了RR向其传送40/50.1.1.0的路由外,他自己也是可以从对等体学到这些路由的。这样就存在一点浪费。

 

下面在R1BGP进程下敲上这条命令:no bgp client-to-client reflection

 

再来看看R1R3发送了那些路由。

R1#sh ip b nei 13.1.1.3 ad

。。。。(omit

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 10.1.1.0/24      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i

*>i20.1.1.0/24      12.1.1.2                 0    100      0 i

 

如上所示,他总发送了自己和非客户端R2的路由,其他客户端对等体的路由都没有发送。这就是这条命令的作用。

敲上这条命令的前提是所有客户端都建立了full-mesh的邻接关系!RR不会在客户之间反射路由,但仍然可以把客户端的路由反射给非客户端,也将非客户端的路由反射给客户端。

如本例,R6并没有与所有的客户端建立full-mesh的邻接关系,因此,打上这条命令后它将学不到其他对等体客户端的路由。

R6#sh ip b 

BGP table version is 18, local router ID is 6.6.6.6

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

 

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*>i10.1.1.0/24      16.1.1.1                 0    100      0 i

*>i20.1.1.0/24      12.1.1.2                 0    100      0 i

*> 60.1.1.0/24      0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i