期末作品检查

       本学期我学习了使用Flask框架搭建一个web service，并在其中加上一些简单的css，js，html等。Python是一种高级动态，完全面向对象的语言，方便快捷。关于web的建设，前端页面我们做了导肮页面、登录注册页面、发布问答页面，在后端建设过程中我们引入了flask库中的Flask, render_template，用于创建一个Flask对象以及页面的跳转，引入flask_sqlalchemy库进行数据库的关联映射等，在后端设计过程我们学了对数据的增删改查等操作，利用对数据库的查询添加功能实现了页面的登陆、注册以及发布功能，这些功能的实现根据前端页面的name属性名，后台请求接收同名name的值，再将接收的值做一系列增删查改操作。在对这些name属性命名时要注意前后端对应且同一页面不能出现相同名，否则会出现数据传递出错，在做发布详情中我们在页面跳转请求时带上需要用到的‘id’，利用该‘id’去后台查询数据，在做用户详情时我们用三个页面跳转同一个请求，不同的是在请求中用if语句判断，判断各自实现的功能并跳转不同页面。在这些过程中，其实遇到过很多的问题，css总是无法调整成自己想要的样子，就查阅参考了很多网页，模仿他们的div构造。并且在实行增删改查功能时也会出现name属性名不一致而导致功能无法实现的问题。

1.使用工具：pycharm64.exe 、Python 3.6 、MySQL 

Python

Python是一种面向对象的解释型计算机程序设计语言，Python是纯粹的自由软件， 源代码和解释器CPython遵循 GPL(GNU General Public License)协议。Python语法简洁清晰，特色之一是强制用空白符(white space)作为语句缩进。Python具有丰富和强大的库。它常被昵称为胶水语言，能够把用其他语言制作的各种模块（尤其是C/C++）很轻松地联结在一起。常见的一种应用情形是，使用Python快速生成程序的原型（有时甚至是程序的最终界面），然后对其中有特别要求的部分，用更合适的语言改写，比如3D游戏中的图形渲染模块，性能要求特别高，就可以用C/C++重写，而后封装为Python可以调用的扩展类库。需要注意的是在您使用扩展类库时可能需要考虑平台问题，某些可能不提供跨平台的实现。

Flask

Flask是一个面向简单需求小型应用的“微框架（microframework）”，Flask选择组件的额外工作给那些使用案例不适用标准ORM的开发者提供了更多的灵活性，同样也给使用不同工作流和模版化系统的开发者们带来了灵活性。
虽然Flask历史相对更短，但它能够学习之前出现的框架并且把注意力放在了微小项目上。它大多数情况被使用在一些只有一两个功能的小型项目上。例如 httpbin，一个简单的（但很强大的）调试和测试HTTP库的项目。Flask没有bootstrapping工具的原因：没有它们的需求。从Flask主页上的Hello World特性看，没有构建Python web应用经验的开发者可以立即开始hacking。对于各部分需要更多分离的项目，Flask有blueprints。例如，你可以将所有用户相关的函数放在users.py中，然后在site.py中添加引用它们来结构化你的Flask应用。我们不会深入这个功能，因为它超出了我们展示demo应用的需求。Flask对于那些开发小项目、需要快速制作一个简单的Python支撑的网站的开发者很有用。它提供小型的统一工具，或者在已有的API上构建的简单网络接口。可以快速开发需要简单web接口并不怎么配置的后端项目使用Flask将会在前端获益，如jitviewer提供了一个web接口来检测PyPy just-in-time的编译日志。

MySQL

关于数据库，上学期我们学习了sql server，它和MySQL有一点不一样，MySQL不支持事务处理，没有视图，没有存储过程和触发器，没有数据库端的用户自定义函数，不能完全使用标准的SQL语法。 MySQL是一个关系型数据库管理系统，MySQL 是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统之一，在 WEB 应用方面，MySQL是最好的 RDBMS (Relational Database Management System，关系数据库管理系统) 应用软件。MySQL是一种关系数据库管理系统，关系数据库将数据保存在不同的表中，而不是将所有数据放在一个大仓库内，这样就增加了速度并提高了灵活性。MySQL所使用的 SQL 语言是用于访问数据库的最常用标准化语言。MySQL 软件采用了双授权政策，分为社区版和商业版，由于其体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低，尤其是开放源码这一特点，一般中小型网站的开发都选择 MySQL 作为网站数据库。

2.功能实现过程

{% extends "bootstrap_base.html" %}

{% block head %} 

{% block metas %}
"utf-8">
"X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> 

"width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no" name="viewport">
{% endblock%}
"icon" href="{{ url_for('static', filename = 'img/favicon.ico') }}"
type="image/x-icon">
    
{% block styles %}
    
    "stylesheet" href="{{url_for('static',filename='css/styles.css')}}">
    "stylesheet" href="{{url_for('static',filename='css/bootstrap.min.css')}}">
    
    "stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> 
    
    "stylesheet" href="{{url_for('static',filename='css/ionicons.min.css')}}"> 
    
    "stylesheet" href="{{url_for('static',filename='css/AdminLTE.min.css')}}">
    
    "stylesheet" href="{{url_for('static',filename='css/skin-blue.min.css')}}">

{% endblock %}
{% endblock %} 

{% block navbar %}
class="main-header" style="position: fixed;top: 0px;width:100%;max-height:100px;z-index:1030"> 
    "{{ url_for('main.index') }}" class="logo">
      
      class="logo-mini">Blog
    
    
class="navbar navbar-static-top" role="navigation">
        "#" class="sidebar-toggle" data-toggle="offcanvas" role="button">
        class="sr-only">Toggle navigation
        
              
class="navbar-header">
                
class="nav navbar-nav">
                    
"{{ url_for('main.index') }}">博客主页

                    {% if current_user.is_authenticated %}
                    
"{{ url_for('main.user', username=current_user.username) }}">个人中心

                    {% endif %}
                
                    
class="nav navbar-nav">
                    {% if current_user.can(Permission.MODERATE_COMMENTS) %}
                    
"{{ url_for('main.moderate') }}">管理评论

                    {% endif %}

                    {% if not current_user.is_authenticated %} 
                    
"{{ url_for('auth.register') }}">注册 
                    
"{{ url_for('auth.login') }}">登录 

                    {% endif %}

                

              

 

首页：

index.html：

def deletenoneuser():
    noneuser = User.query.filter_by(username=None).all()
    for user in noneuser:
        db.session.delete(user)
    db.session.commit()

@main.before_app_request
def before_request(): #定义全局变量
    g.search_form = SearchForm()
    g.hot_post=Post().hotpost()
    g.current_time=datetime.utcnow()
    g.categorys=Category.query.all() 
    



@main.after_app_request
def after_request(response):
    for query in get_debug_queries():
        if query.duration >= current_app.config['FLASKY_SLOW_DB_QUERY_TIME']:
            current_app.logger.warning(
                'Slow query: %s\nParameters: %s\nDuration: %fs\nContext: %s\n'
                % (query.statement, query.parameters, query.duration,
                   query.context))
    return response


@main.route('/shutdown')
def server_shutdown():
    if not current_app.testing:
        abort(404)
    shutdown = request.environ.get('werkzeug.server.shutdown')
    if not shutdown:
        abort(500)
    shutdown()
    return 'Shutting down...'

@main.route('/search', methods = ['POST'])
def search():
    if not g.search_form.validate_on_submit():
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    return redirect(url_for('.search_results', query = g.search_form.search.data))

@main.route('/search_results/')
def search_results(query):
    posts = Post.query.filter(Post.head.like('%'+query+'%')).all()
    # query=Post.query.filter(Post.head.like("%文%")).all()
    return render_template('search_results.html',query = query, posts = posts,  )


@main.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index(): 
    deletenoneuser()   
    user = User() 
    message = Message() 
    category = Category()   
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    show_followed = False    
    if current_user.is_authenticated:
        show_followed = bool(request.cookies.get('show_followed', ''))
    if show_followed:
        query = current_user.followed_posts
    else:
        query = Post.query
    pagination = query.order_by(Post.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_POSTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    posts = pagination.items[:] #分页显示

    return render_template('index.html',  posts=posts,user=user,message=message,category=category,
                            show_followed=show_followed, pagination=pagination,hot_post=Post().hotpost())


@main.route('/writepost', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def writepost():    
    form = PostForm()
    if current_user.can(Permission.WRITE_ARTICLES) and \
            form.validate_on_submit():
        post = Post(body=form.body.data,head=form.head.data,category=Category.query.get(form.category.data),
                    author=current_user._get_current_object())                  
                     #内容、标题、作者、类别
        db.session.add(post)
        db.session.commit()
        #flash("博客已发布")
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    return render_template('writepost.html', form=form, )


@main.route('/user/')
def user(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first_or_404()
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = user.posts.order_by(Post.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_POSTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    posts = pagination.items
    return render_template('user.html', user=user, posts=posts,
                           pagination=pagination,   )

#分类路由
@main.route('/category/')
def category(id):
    category = Category.query.get_or_404(id)
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = category.posts.order_by(Post.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_POSTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    posts = pagination.items
    return render_template('category.html',category=category,posts=posts,pagination=pagination,  )


@main.route('/edit-profile', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def edit_profile():
    form = EditProfileForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        current_user.name = form.name.data
        current_user.location = form.location.data
        current_user.about_me = form.about_me.data
        db.session.add(current_user)
        flash('Your profile has been updated.')
        return redirect(url_for('.user', username=current_user.username))
    form.name.data = current_user.name
    form.location.data = current_user.location
    form.about_me.data = current_user.about_me
    return render_template('edit_profile.html', form=form, )


@main.route('/edit-profile/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
@admin_required
def edit_profile_admin(id):
    user = User.query.get_or_404(id)
    form = EditProfileAdminForm(user=user)
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        user.email = form.email.data
        user.username = form.username.data
        user.confirmed = form.confirmed.data
        user.role = Role.query.get(form.role.data)
        user.name = form.name.data
        user.location = form.location.data
        user.about_me = form.about_me.data
        db.session.add(user)
        flash('The profile has been updated.')
        return redirect(url_for('.user', username=user.username))
    form.email.data = user.email
    form.username.data = user.username
    form.confirmed.data = user.confirmed
    form.role.data = user.role_id
    form.name.data = user.name
    form.location.data = user.location
    form.about_me.data = user.about_me
    return render_template('edit_profile.html', form=form, user=user, )



@main.route('/post/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def post(id):
    hot_post=Post().hotpost()
    post = Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    form = CommentForm() 
    post.visits+=1
    print ("visits+1")
    
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        comment = Comment(body=form.body.data,post=post,sendto=post.author,
            author=current_user._get_current_object())
        db.session.add(comment)
        flash(u'你的评论已提交.')
        return redirect(url_for('.post', id=post.id, page=-1))
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    if page == -1:
        page = (post.comments.count() - 1) // \
            current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'] + 1
    pagination = post.comments.order_by(Comment.timestamp.asc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    comments = pagination.items
    return render_template('post.html', posts=[post], form=form,
                           comments=comments, pagination=pagination, hot_post=hot_post)

@main.route('/post/delete/')
def post_delete(id):
    post=Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    db.session.delete(post)
    for comment in post.comments:
        db.session.delete(comment)
    for webpush in post.webpushs:
        db.session.delete(webpush)
    flash(u'博客以及相关的评论、推送已删除')
    return redirect(url_for('.user', username=post.author.username))



@main.route('/edit/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def edit(id):
    post = Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    if current_user != post.author and \
            not current_user.can(Permission.ADMINISTER):
        abort(403)
    form = PostForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        post.body = form.body.data
        post.head = form.head.data
        post.category=Category.query.get(form.category.data)
        #博客内容和标题
        db.session.add(post)
        flash('The post has been updated.')
        return redirect(url_for('.post', id=post.id))
    form.body.data = post.body
    form.head.data = post.head
    form.category.data = post.category_id
    return render_template('edit_post.html', form=form)


#收藏
@main.route('/star/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.FOLLOW)
def star(id):
    post=Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    if current_user.staring(post):
        flash('你已经收藏了这篇文章')
        return redirect(url_for('.post',id=post.id))
    current_user.star(post)
    flash('收藏完成')
    return redirect(url_for('.post',id=post.id))

@main.route('/unstar/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.FOLLOW)
def unstar(id):
    post=Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    if not current_user.staring(post):
        flash('你没有收藏这篇文章')
        return redirect(url_for('.post',id=post.id))
    current_user.unstar(post)
    flash('你不收藏这篇旷世奇文，太可惜了')
    return redirect(url_for('.post',id=post.id))


@main.route('/deletestar/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.FOLLOW)
def deletestar(id):
    post=Post.query.get_or_404(id)
    if not current_user.staring(post):
        flash('你没有收藏这篇文章')
        return redirect(url_for('.starposts',username=current_user.username))
    current_user.unstar(post)
    flash('你不再收藏这篇旷世奇文了，太可惜了')
    return redirect(url_for('.starposts',username=current_user.username))



@main.route('/user//starposts')
def starposts(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    if user is None:
        flash('Invalid user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    # pagination = user.starposts.paginate(
    #     page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_FOLLOWERS_PER_PAGE'],
    #     error_out=False)
    posts = user.starposts
    return render_template('user_starposts.html', user=user, title="收藏的文章",
                           posts=posts)




@main.route('/follow/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.FOLLOW)
def follow(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    if user is None:
        flash('Invalid user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    if current_user.is_following(user):
        flash('You are already following this user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.user', username=username))
    current_user.follow(user)
    flash('You are now following %s.' % username)
    return redirect(url_for('.user', username=username))


@main.route('/unfollow/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.FOLLOW)
def unfollow(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    if user is None:
        flash('Invalid user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    if not current_user.is_following(user):
        flash('You are not following this user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.user', username=username))
    current_user.unfollow(user)
    flash('You are not following %s anymore.' % username)
    return redirect(url_for('.user', username=username))


@main.route('/followers/')
def followers(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    if user is None:
        flash('Invalid user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = user.followers.paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_FOLLOWERS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    follows = [{'user': item.follower, 'timestamp': item.timestamp}
               for item in pagination.items]
    return render_template('followers.html', user=user, title="Followers of",
                           endpoint='.followers', pagination=pagination,
                           follows=follows,   )


@main.route('/followed-by/')
def followed_by(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    if user is None:
        flash('Invalid user.')
        return redirect(url_for('.index'))
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = user.followed.paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_FOLLOWERS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    follows = [{'user': item.followed, 'timestamp': item.timestamp}
               for item in pagination.items]
    return render_template('followers.html', user=user, title="Followed by",
                           endpoint='.followed_by', pagination=pagination,
                           follows=follows,   )


@main.route('/all')
@login_required
def show_all():
    resp = make_response(redirect(url_for('.index')))
    resp.set_cookie('show_followed', '', max_age=30*24*60*60)
    return resp


@main.route('/followed')
@login_required
def show_followed():
    resp = make_response(redirect(url_for('.index')))
    resp.set_cookie('show_followed', '1', max_age=30*24*60*60)
    return resp

@main.route('/moderate/enable/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.MODERATE_COMMENTS)
def moderate_enable(id):
    comment = Comment.query.get_or_404(id)
    comment.disabled = False
    db.session.add(comment)
    return redirect(url_for('.moderate',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)), )


@main.route('/moderate/disable/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.MODERATE_COMMENTS)
def moderate_disable(id):
    comment = Comment.query.get_or_404(id)
    comment.disabled = True
    db.session.add(comment)
    return redirect(url_for('.moderate',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)), )



@main.route('/moderate')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.MODERATE_COMMENTS)
def moderate():
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = Comment.query.order_by(Comment.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    comments = pagination.items
    return render_template('moderate.html', comments=comments,
                           pagination=pagination, page=page,   )


@main.route('/shownotice')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def shownotice():
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = Comment.query.order_by(Comment.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    comments = pagination.items
    return render_template('shownotice.html', comments=comments,
                           pagination=pagination, page=page,   )


@main.route('/shownotice/unconfirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def shownotice_unconfirmed(id):
    comment = Comment.query.get_or_404(id)
    comment.confirmed = True
    db.session.add(comment)
    return redirect(url_for('.shownotice',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)), )


@main.route('/shownotice/confirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def shownotice_confirmed(id):
    comment = Comment.query.get_or_404(id)
    comment.confirmed = False
    db.session.add(comment)
    return redirect(url_for('.shownotice',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)), )



@main.route('/user//comments')
def usercomments(username):
    user=User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = Comment.query.order_by(Comment.timestamp.desc()).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    comments = pagination.items
    return render_template('user_comments.html', comments=comments,user=user,
                           pagination=pagination, page=page,   )

@main.route('/usercomments/delete/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def usercomments_delete(id):
    comment = Comment.query.get_or_404(id)
    db.session.delete(comment)
    flash("评论已删除")
    return redirect(url_for('.usercomments',username=current_user.username,
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)))


@main.route('/sendmessage/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def sendmessage(username):
    user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
    form = SendmessageForm()
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        message = Message(body=form.body.data, \
                    author=current_user,
                    sendto=user)
        db.session.add(message)
        db.session.commit()
        flash('私信发送成功')
        return redirect(url_for('.user', username=username))
        
    return render_template('sendmessage.html', form=form,  )


@main.route('//showwebpush')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def showwebpush(username):
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = Webpush.query.order_by(Webpush.timestamp.desc()).filter_by(sendto=current_user).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    webpushs = pagination.items
    return render_template('user_showwebpush.html',webpushs=webpushs,pagination=pagination,page=page)

@main.route('/webpush/unconfirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def webpush_unconfirmed(id):
    webpush = Webpush.query.get_or_404(id)
    webpush.confirmed = True
    db.session.add(webpush)    
    return redirect(url_for('.showwebpush',page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int),username=request.args.get('username')))

@main.route('/webpush/confirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def webpush_confirmed(id):
    webpush = Webpush.query.get_or_404(id)
    webpush.confirmed = False
    db.session.add(webpush)
    return redirect(url_for('.showwebpush',page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int),username=request.args.get('username')))

@main.route('/showwebpush/delete/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def webpush_delete(id):
    webpush = Webpush.query.get_or_404(id)   
    db.session.delete(webpush)    
    flash('消息删除成功')
    return redirect(url_for('.showwebpush',page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int),username=request.args.get('username')))


@main.route('/showmessage')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def showmessage():
    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
    pagination = Message.query.order_by(Message.timestamp.desc()).filter_by(sendto=current_user).paginate(
        page, per_page=current_app.config['FLASKY_COMMENTS_PER_PAGE'],
        error_out=False)
    messages = pagination.items
    return render_template('showmessage.html', messages=messages,
                           pagination=pagination, page=page )


@main.route('/showmessage/unconfirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def showmessage_unconfirmed(id):
    message = Message.query.get_or_404(id)
    message.confirmed = True
    db.session.add(message)
    return redirect(url_for('.showmessage',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)))


@main.route('/showmessage/confirmed/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def showmessage_confirmed(id):
    message = Message.query.get_or_404(id)
    message.confirmed = False
    db.session.add(message)
    return redirect(url_for('.showmessage',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)))


@main.route('/showmessage/delete/')
@login_required
@permission_required(Permission.COMMENT)
def message_delete(id):
    message = Message.query.get_or_404(id)    
    db.session.delete(message)
    flash('私信删除成功')
    return redirect(url_for('.showmessage',
                            page=request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)))


@main.route('/about', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def firstpage():
    return render_template('aboutme.html',  )

@main.route('/video', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def video():
    return render_template('video.html',  )

index.css:

profile-thumbnail {
    position: absolute;
}
.profile-header {
    min-height: 260px;
    margin-left: 280px;
}
div.post-tabs {
    margin-top: 16px;
}
ul.posts {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding: 0px;
    margin: 16px 10px 10px 10px;
    border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}
div.post-tabs ul.posts {
    margin: 0px;
    border-top: none;
}
ul.posts li.post {
    padding: 8px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}
ul.posts li.post:hover {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
div.post-date {
    float: right;
}
div.post-author {
    font-weight: bold;
}
div.post-thumbnail {
    position: absolute;
}
div.post-content {
    margin-left: 48px;
    min-height: 48px;
}
div.post-footer {
    text-align: right;
}
ul.comments {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding: 0px;
    margin: 16px 0px 0px 0px;
}
ul.comments li.comment {
    margin-left: 32px;
    padding: 8px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}
ul.comments li.comment:nth-child(1) {
    border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}
ul.comments li.comment:hover {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
div.comment-date {
    float: right;
}
div.comment-author {
    font-weight: bold;
}
div.comment-thumbnail {
    position: absolute;
}
div.comment-content {
    margin-left: 48px;
    min-height: 48px;
}
div.comment-form {
    margin: 16px 0px 16px 32px;
}
div.pagination {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: right;
    padding: 0px;
    margin: 0px;
}
div.flask-pagedown-preview {
    margin: 10px 0px 10px 0px;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    padding: 4px;
}
div.flask-pagedown-preview h1 {
    font-size: 140%;
}
div.flask-pagedown-preview h2 {
    font-size: 130%;
}
div.flask-pagedown-preview h3 {
    font-size: 120%;
}
.post-body h1 {
    font-size: 140%;
}
.post-body h2 {
    font-size: 130%;
}
.post-body h3 {
    font-size: 120%;
}
.table.followers tr {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;

登录页面：

class LoginForm(Form):
    email = StringField(u'邮箱', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64),
                                             Email()])
    password = PasswordField(u'密码', validators=[Required()])
    remember_me = BooleanField(u'记住我')
    submit = SubmitField(u'登录')


class RegistrationForm(Form):
    email = StringField(u'邮箱', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64),
                                           Email()])
    username = StringField(u'用户名', validators=[
        Required(), Length(1, 64), Regexp('^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.]*$', 0,
                                          'Usernames must have only letters, '
                                          'numbers, dots or underscores')])
    password = PasswordField(u'密码', validators=[
        Required(), EqualTo(u'password2', message='Passwords must match.')])
    password2 = PasswordField(u'确认密码', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField(u'注册')

    def validate_email(self, field):
        if User.query.filter_by(email=field.data).first():
            raise ValidationError(u'Email已经被注册过.请更换')

    def validate_username(self, field):
        if User.query.filter_by(username=field.data).first():
            raise ValidationError(u'用户名已存在')


class ChangePasswordForm(Form):
    old_password = PasswordField(u'旧密码', validators=[Required()])
    password = PasswordField(u'新密码', validators=[
        Required(), EqualTo('password2', message='Passwords must match')])
    password2 = PasswordField(u'确认新的密码', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField(u'更新密码')


class PasswordResetRequestForm(Form):
    email = StringField(u'邮箱', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64),
                                             Email()])
    submit = SubmitField(u'重置密码')


class PasswordResetForm(Form):
    email = StringField(u'邮箱', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64),
                                             Email()])
    password = PasswordField(u'新密码', validators=[
        Required(), EqualTo('password2', message='Passwords must match')])
    password2 = PasswordField(u'确认新的密码', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField(u'重置密码')

    def validate_email(self, field):
        if User.query.filter_by(email=field.data).first() is None:
            raise ValidationError(u'不合法的Email地址')


class ChangeEmailForm(Form):
    email = StringField(u'新邮箱', validators=[Required(), Length(1, 64),
                                                 Email()])
    password = PasswordField(u'密码', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField(u'更新邮箱')

    def validate_email(self, field):
        if User.query.filter_by(email=field.data).first():
            raise ValidationError(u'邮箱已被使用')

发布评论定义评论的视图函数

@app.route('/comment/',methods=['GET','POST'])
@loginFirst
def comment():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template('question_detail.html')
    else:
        detail = request.form.get('detail')
        author_id =User.query.filter(User.username == session.get('user')).first().id
        question_id=request.form.get('question_id')
        comments = Comment(detail=detail,author_id=author_id,question_id=question_id)
        db.session.add(comments)
        db.session.commit()
        return redirect(url_for('question_detail',question_id=question_id))

显示评论次数，要求评论前登录

{% extends 'index.html' %}
{% block title %}问答详情{% endblock %}
{% block main %}
    "url(../image/picture.jpg) no-repeat" >
         
class="container">

             

                 
{{ ques.question }}
{{ ques.author.username }} class="badge">{{ ques.creat_time }}

             问题详情：
class="lead">{{ ques.questionDetail }}
             
class="location">评论

        

        
"{{ url_for('comment') }}" method="post">
            
class="form-group">
                "</span><span style="color: #800000;">new_comment</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span>=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">form-control</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> id=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">new_comment</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> rows=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">3</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> placeholder=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">write your comment</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span>style=<span style="color: #800000;">"</span><span style="color: #800000;">height:200px;width:800px</span><span style="color: #800000;">"</span> >

                "question_id" type="hidden" value="{{ ques.id }}"/>
            
                "submit" class="fabu"style="width:100px">发布
        

             
评论:（{{ ques.comments|length }}）
         

         
class="list-group"style="width:700px;height:auto;border-style:groove;">
        {% for b in ques.comments %}
        
class="list-group-item"style="list-style: none">
            class="glyphicon glyphicon-heart-empty" aria-hidden="true">
            "#">{{ b.author.username }}
            class="badge">{{b.creat_time}}
            
"">{{b.detail}}
        

{% endfor %}
        
    
{% endblock %}

搜索功能：

"{{url_for('search')}}" method="get" class="form-inline" > "q" class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="请输入关键字"style="border-radius: 25px" > class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">搜索