原文链接：http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-2201-1-1.html
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此贴是我使用Nagios 及其插件的总结，以后我会将最新的学习的成果，陆续加入该贴，希望这个帖子能够为大家学习nagios挫折少一些！
以下帖子，是我将老曹的三篇nagios的帖子，做了修改和修正，有什么冒犯之处，还请老曹和网友，多多海涵！哈哈！ 一、安装Nagios及其插件 1.Nagios 需要的 环境 LAMP 或者LEMP 这里不作论述，请在本站查找。 特别注意:yum安装必备的编译组件、库及依赖 软件，必须安装GD GD-DEVEL 到Nagios官方下载下列软件包 下载 nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz -----------------------主 程序 nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz------------------插件 nrpe_2.12.tar.gz --------------------------监控Linux需要 nsclient++0.3.5 ---------------------------监控 windows需要 2。安装nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz ======================= /usr/sbin/useradd nagios passwd nagios 输入 密码 /usr/sbin/groupadd nagcmd /usr/sbin/usermod -g nagcmd nagios /usr/sbin/usermod -g nagcmd apache ===================== tar xzf nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz ======================= cd nagios-3.0.6 ======================= ./configure --with-group=nagios --with-user=nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/include ================ make all ================== make install ================ make install-init ======================= make install-config ===================== make install-commandmode =============================== vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg 更改email地址nagiosadmin的联系人定义信息中的EMail信息为你的EMail信息以接收 报警内容。 ================================= make install- webconf ===================== /usr/local/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin 输入密码（这一步很重要） ======================================================== 3。译并安装Nagios插件 nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz tar xzf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13 ============================ ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios make make install ============================ chkconfig --add nagios chkconfig nagios on ===================== 验证Nagios的样例配置 文件 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg ================================ 如果没有报错，可以启动Nagios 服务 service nagios start ========================================= 4。编辑apache 的httpd.conf 最后面添加： ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin" # SSLRequireSSL Options ExecCGI AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.1 AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users Require valid-user Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share" # SSLRequireSSL Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.1 AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users Require valid-user ========================================= 5。在验证下 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 没有出错的话！重新启动nagios和apache ======================== 6。关于se linux，如果selinux是关闭状态，可以忽略这部！ 如果selinux开启！那么 如果是SELinux处于强制安全 模式时需要做 getenforce 令SELinux处于容许模式 setenforce 0 如果要永久性更变它，需要更改/etc/selinux/config里的设置并重启 系统。 不关闭SELinux或是永久性变更它的方法是让CGI 模块在SELinux下指定强制目标模式： chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/sbin/ chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/share/ 7.登陆web接口！ http://localhost/nagios 输入你刚才设置的用户名密码！ok了！看到界面了吧 ps：如果遇到问题！！！！ 如果遇到关于cgi什么权限问题！察看下/usr/local/nagios的属主组权限， 包括里面的内容， 尤其是/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users这个文件的权限！都应该是nagios:nagios 另外尝试编辑 vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg 把 use_authentication=1 修改为 use_authentication=0 如果出现页面无法显示之类的，去 访问bbs.itnms.net里面的 http://www.itnms.net/discuz/forumdisplay. php?fid=10&pageD4 有关于基本的错误的解决方法！ =========================================================
二、监控windows 系统
添加第一台windows2003设备来进行检测 接下来我们开始监控第一台windows设备！ windows服务器上要安装nsclient++0.3.5.zip 解压后，copy到c盘根目录 1。在nagios服务器上 vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg 去掉这句话的注释 保存退出！ 2。到win服务器上，打开命令窗口，cd到刚才解压的目录 在命令行界面执行 nsclient++ /install 然后 nsclient++ SysTray 如果出错不用管！ 此时在“服务”里面已经有了nsclient的服务 3。编辑NES.ini 在 [modules] 选项里 去掉所有的注释符号； 除了 CheckWMI.dll和RemoteConfiguration.dll 4。the [Settings] 选项里 修改allowd_host=61.x.x.x(nagios服务器的ip) 如果这一步要修改passwd，那么nagios服务器里面commands.cfg也要修改！ 步骤: 在commands.cfg 找到check_nt 定义命令 中的 Command_line 在其中添加-s 你的密码 5。[NSClient] 里面，去掉port=12489的注释！ 他靠端口12489侦听，所以防火墙要打开这个端口！ 然后启动nsclient nsclient++ /start ======================================== 接下来我们开始配置nagios服务器里面的内容 vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg ================================= define host{ use windows-server host_name winserver alias My Windows Server address 192.168.1.2 } 修改hostname和address，很重要！！ 然后下面的很多定义，都可以不用改，想知道每个定义的意思，去看看官方的文档！！ 下面的定义全部修改hostname 都改为自己的！一定要一样！ 接下来保存！退出！！ ====================== 然后重新启动nagios 看看你的web图形是不是变化了！它会自动连接！ 如果这个时候出错！尝试去telnet win服务器的ip 12489端口！！ 自己排除原因！！
三、监控Linux服务器
添加除了本机外 第一台linux服务器 刚才我们配置完了之后，可以监控本机，也可以监控第一台win服务器（里面自带的windows.cfg），现在我们监控第一台linux服务器！至于为什么要用nrpe,请参考官方文档，这里我就不多说了！ 1。被监控端（被监控的服务器）安装nagios-nrpe_2.12.tar.gz和插件nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz 安装过程 ==================== useradd nagios passwd nagios tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13 ./configure make make install ======================= 这一步完成后会在/usr/local/nagios/下生成两个目录libexec和share ====================================== chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios 然后 tar -zxvf nagios-nrpe_2.12.tar.gz cd nagios-nrpe_2.12 ./configure make all make install-plugin make install-daemon make install-daemon-config ======================================================== vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg 将allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1 修改成你的nagios服务器的ip ======================================= /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d 启动nrpe ================================================ netstat -an|grep 5666 察看是否在5666端口上监听 注意：防火墙 释放端口5666，很重要 =================================== /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost 察看是否能返回nrpv版本号，返回则正常！ ============================================= vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg 可以看到里面监控对象 # The following examples use hardcoded command arguments... command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 =================================================== 然后再启动nrpe /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d 这样子，在监控端算是设置完了！！！ 2。我们来设置nagios服务器端的设置！ 安装nagios-nrpe_2.12.tar.gz 这里安装过程比上面再被监控服务安装少两部 ========================================= tar -zxvf nagios-nrpe_2.12.tar.gz cd nagios-nrpe_2.12 ./configure make all make install-plugin ================================ 然后我们测试下连通性 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 被监控端ip 如果返回nrpe版本号，那么正常！ 如果返回拒绝连接！那么telnet ip 5666看是否正常 ====================================================== 配置： ================================= 由于nrpe外构组件，所以必须在commands.cfg中定义（我这里的nagios版本是3.0.3和2。x的版本有些不一样） [root@localhost etc]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg 最下面添加 #check nrpe define command{ command_name check_nrpe command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ } ======================================================== [root@localhost etc]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 中间添加 cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/aiyo-mailserver.cfg 最后面的 aiyo-mailserver.cfg你们可以自己改，或者Linux1.cfg也可以！ ================================================= 新建aiyo-mailserver.cfg [root@localhost etc]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/aiyo-mailserver.cfg 添加 define host{ use linux-server host_name aiyo-mailserver alias aiyo-mailserver address 210.51.47.213 } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description HTTP check_command check_http } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description FTP check_command check_ftp define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description SSH check_command check_ssh } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description SMTP check_command check_smtp } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description POP3 check_command check_pop } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description check-swap check_command check_nrpe!check_swap } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description check-load check_command check_nrpe!check_load } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description check-disk check_command check_nrpe!check_had1 define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description zombie_procs check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description check-users check_command check_nrpe!check_users } define service{ use generic-service host_name aiyo-mailserver service_description total_procs check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs } 保存，退出！ 这个里面定义了对象和服务！ 注意： define host{ use linux-server 这个你要能在commands.cfg找到！如果是3.0.x版本，应该就对的 ！如果是2。x版本，不一样定了！ ===================================================== 我们来运行 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 检测下是不是都正确！ ================================================ 正确的话，那么我们重新启动nagios 那么在web页面里面就会出现！！ =====================================
三、飞信报警
飞信机器人网站 http://www.it-adv.net/ 新版fetion命令是交互式的，需要登录后才能以sms命令发送短信，不方便nagios调用宏变量，所以使用旧版sms命令行 下载并安装Fetionrobot所需要的库文件 #wget http://down.freebsdsystem.org/libs/fetion/libraryrh5x32.tar.gz #wget http://down.freebsdsystem.org/monitor/fetion_linux_20080402.tar.gz #tar xvfz fetion_linux_20080402.tar.gz #cd fetion_linux_20080402 #cp sms /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ #tar zvxf libraryrh5x32.tar.gz #cp lib* /usr/lib #sms -h sms -f mobile -p pwd -t mobile1,.. -m message -a message -d sms -f mobile -p pwd -t mobile1,.. -i file_name[utf8] -a invite_message -d 1 -f:Fetion mobile account(only supports mobile phone No.) -p:Account password -t estination mobile list -m:Message -i:File name(only supports utf8) -a:Auto send invite using invite_message. -d ebug on. nagios配置 # vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg # ’sms send’command definiton define command{ command_name notify-service-by-sms command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/sms -f 139xxxxxxxx -p xxxxxx -t $CONTACTPAGER$ -m "$HOSTNAME$ $SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ on $TIME$ result is $SERVICEOUTPUT$" $CONTACTPAGER$ } define command{ command_name notify-host-by-sms command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/sms -f 139xxxxxxxx -p xxxxxx -t $CONTACTPAGER$ -m "$HOSTNAME$ $SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ on $TIME$ result is $SERVICEOUTPUT$" $CONTACTPAGER$ } # vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg define contact{ contact_name nagios_sms alias nagios_sms host_notifications_enabled 1 service_notifications_enabled 1 service_notification_period 24×7 host_notification_period 24×7 service_notification_options u,c # UNKNOWN and CRITICAL host_notification_options d,u # DOWN and UNREACHABLE service_notification_commands notify-service-by-sms host_notification_commands notify-host-by-sms pager 138xxxxxxxx # 服务器管理员手机号码 can_submit_commands 1 }
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| 附上:解决3D Status Map查看问题 http://nagios.org/faqs/viewfaq.php?faq_id=51 Title:Where can I find a VRML client for my web browser so I can view the 3-D status map? FAQ ID:F0051 Submitted By:Ethan Galstad Last Updated:10/28/2004 Description: In order to view the output from the 3-D statusmap CGI (statuswrl.cgi), you need a VRML client/plugin for your web browser. Solution: There are several freely available VRML web browser plugins available. Which one you choose to install will depend on your operating system, web browser, and your own likes/dislikes. I've provided links to some of the more popular VRML clients below: Cortona (Parallel Graphics) Cosmo Player (Computer Associates and NIST) FreeWRL OpenVRML 自：http://www.mail-archive.com/nagi ... e.net/msg05033.html 3-D Status map solution: ======================== For the 3-D Status Map option, you'll have to have the appropriate plugin installed... If you do have a VRML viewer installed, then there's something wrong on the webserver side of things, and it's not set up correctly to be serving the .cgi as an actual CGI file. To determine if you have the correct plugin, try this page: http://cic.nist.gov/vrml/vbdetect.html That will check to see if you have a VRML viewer, and it has a few recommendations for a viewer as well. (For a Windows machine, I would recommend Cortona, only because I've used it before without a problem). 友情提示：在下列网址http://www.cortona3d.com/install/iexplore.php 为IE安装一个插件，就可以看3D监控图了 |