1.将以下文法消除左递归,分析符号串 i*i+i 。
并分别求FIRST集、FOLLOW集,和SELECT集
E -> E+T | T
T -> T*F | F
F -> (E) | i
消除左递归
E->TE’
E’->+TE’ | ε
T->FT’
T’->*FT’ | ε
F->(E) | i
分析符号串i*i+i:
first集:
FIRST(E)={ (, i }
FIRST(E')={+, ε}
FIRST(T)={ (, i }
FIRST(T')={ *, ε }
FIRST(F)={(,i}
follow集:
FOLLOW(E)={ ),# }
FOLLOW(E')={ ),# }
FOLLOW(T)={+,),#}
FOLLOW(T')={+,),#}
FOLLOW(F)={*,+,),#}
select集:
SELECT(E->TE')=FIRST(TE')={ (, i }
SELECT(E'->+TE')=FIRST(+TE')={+}
SELECT(E'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(E')=FOLLOW(E')={ ),# }
SELECT(T->FT')=FIRST(FT')={ (,i }
SELECT(T'->*FT')=FIRST(*FT')={*}
SELECT(T'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(T')=FOLLOW(T')={ +,),# }
SELECT(F->(E))=FIRST((E))={ ( }
SELECT(F->i)=FIRST(i)={i}
(2)A->aABe | a
B->Bb | ε
消除左递归
A->aA’
A’->ABw | ε
B->dB’
B’->bB’ | ε
first集:
FIRST(A)={a}
FIRST(A’)={a, ε}
FIRST(B)={d}
FIRST(dB')={b, ε}
follow集:
FOLLOW(A)={d,#}
FOLLOW(A')={d,#}
FOLLOW(B)={e}
FOLLOW(B')={e}
select集:
SELECT(A->aA')=FIRST(aA')={a}
SELECT(A'->ABe)=FIRST(ABe)={a}
SELECT(A'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(A')=FOLLOW(A')={d,#}
SELECT(B->dB')=FIRST(dB')={d}
SELECT(B'->bB')=FIRST(bB')={b}
SELECT(B'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(B')=FOLLOW(B')={e}
(3)S->Aa | b
A->SB
B->ab
消除左递归:
S->SBa | b
B->ab
即:
S->bS’
S’->BaS’ | ε
B->ab
first集:
FIRST(S)={b}
FIRST(S’)={a, ε}
FIRST(B)={a}
follow集:
FOLLOW(S)={#}
FOLLOW(S')={#}
FOLLOW(B)={a}
select集:
SELECT(S->bS')=FIRST(bS')={b}
SELECT(S'->BaS')=FIRST(BaS')={a}
SELECT(S'->ε)=FIRST(ε)-{ε}UFOLLOW(S')=FOLLOW(S')={#}
SELECT(B->ab)=FIRST(ab)={a}
课堂练习:
求以下文法的FIRST集、FOLLOW集和SELECT集。
(1)S->Ap
A->a | ε
A->cA
A->aA
答:
first集:
FIRST(S) = { a , c , p }
FIRST(A) = { a , c , ε }
follow集:
FOLLOW(S) = { # }
FOLLOW(A) = { p }
select集:
SELECT(S -> Ap) = FIRST(Ap) = { a , c , p }
SELECT(A -> a ) = FIRST(a) = { a }
SELECT(A -> ɛ) = FIRST(ε) - {ε} U FOLLOW(A) = FOLLOW(A) = { p }
SELECT(A -> cA) = FIRST(cA) = { c }
SELECT(A -> aA) = FIRST(aA) = { a }
(2)S->Ap
S->Bq
A->a
A->cA
B->b
B->dB
答:
first集:
FIRST(S1) = FIRST(Ap) = { a , c }
FIRST(S2) = FIRST(Bq) = { b , d }
FIRST(A) = { a , c}
FIRST(B) = { b ,d }
follow集:
FOLLOW(S) = { # }
FOLLOW(A) = { p }
FOLLOW(B) = { q }
select集:
SELECT(S -> Ap) = FIRST(Ap) = { a , c }
SELECT(S -> Bq ) = FIRST(Bq) = { b , d }
SELECT(A -> a) = FIRST(a) = { a }
SELECT(A -> cA) = FIRST(cA) = { c }
SELECT(B -> b) =FIRST(b) = { b }
SELECT(B -> dB) = FIRST(dB) = { d }