django模型设计及blog/models.py设计及使用

跟着老师用Navicat Data Modeler画了一下大概的数据模型

主要有User，Tag，Category，ArticleManager，Article，Comment，Links，Ad这几张表。

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Navicat Data Modeler这个软件给我的最大感觉是小巧，使用方便，但是功能缺失有局限，只适合用于小的项目（个人感觉^ ^，不喜勿喷）。

根据pdm在blog/models.py中定义模型

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
# 用户模型.
# 第一种：采用的继承方式扩展用户信息（本系统采用）
# 扩展：关联的方式去扩展用户信息
class User(AbstractUser):
    avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='avatar/%Y/%m', default='avatar/default.png', max_length=200, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='用户头像')
    qq = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='QQ号码')
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, blank=True, null=True, unique=True, verbose_name='手机号码')
    url = models.URLField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='个人网页地址')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['-id']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

# tag（标签）
class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, verbose_name='标签名称')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '标签'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

# 分类
class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, verbose_name='分类名称')
    index = models.IntegerField(default=999,verbose_name='分类的排序')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '分类'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['index', 'id']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

# 自定义一个文章Model的管理器
# 1、新加一个数据处理的方法
# 2、改变原有的queryset
class ArticleManager(models.Manager):
    def distinct_date(self):
        distinct_date_list = []
        date_list = self.values('date_publish')
        for date in date_list:
            date = date['date_publish'].strftime('%Y/%m文章存档')
            if date not in distinct_date_list:
                distinct_date_list.append(date)
        return distinct_date_list

# 文章模型
class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='文章标题')
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='文章描述')
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='文章内容')
    click_count = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击次数')
    is_recommend = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否推荐')
    date_publish = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='发布时间')
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name='用户')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='分类')
    tag = models.ManyToManyField(Tag, verbose_name='标签')

    objects = ArticleManager()

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '文章'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['-date_publish']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

# 评论模型
class Comment(models.Model):
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='评论内容')
    username = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='用户名')
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='邮箱地址')
    url = models.URLField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='个人网页地址')
    date_publish = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='发布时间')
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='用户')
    article = models.ForeignKey(Article, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='文章')
    pid = models.ForeignKey('self', blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='父级评论')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '评论'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return str(self.id)

# 友情链接
class Links(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='标题')
    description = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='友情链接描述')
    callback_url = models.URLField(verbose_name='url地址')
    date_publish = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='发布时间')
    index = models.IntegerField(default=999, verbose_name='排列顺序(从小到大)')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '友情链接'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['index', 'id']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

# 广告
class Ad(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='广告标题')
    description = models.CharField(max_length=200,  verbose_name='广告描述')
    image_url = models.ImageField(upload_to='ad/%Y/%m', verbose_name='图片路径')
    callback_url = models.URLField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='回调url')
    date_publish = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='发布时间')
    index = models.IntegerField(default=999, verbose_name='排列顺序(从小到大)')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u'广告'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        ordering = ['index', 'id']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

下载安装mysql，下载的mysql-community-server版，为免安装版。

设置参考百度经验……
root用户的默认密码为空，不需要输入,更改密码是用

>>>mysqladmin -u root password "root"

修改默认的sqlite3数据库为mysql数据库，修改settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'blog_db',
        'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
        'PORT':3306,
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'root',
    }
}

由于引用django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractUser

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'blog.User'

pycharm中Tools>run manage.py Task 中运行

makemigrations#生产sql
migrate             #执行sql,生成对应的表

生成如下列表：

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createsuperuser添加超级账户

如遇数据库模型变更，则更新数据库，使用以下语句：

makemigrations
syncdb