ansible --- 批量推送及更换密钥的简单介绍

1、authorized_key 模块的简单介绍

需要使用到的模块:authorized_key,为特定的用户账号添加或删除 SSH authorized keys

帮助文件查看

ansible-doc authorized_key

常用选项:

Options: (= is mandatory)(= 后面的参数是强制要有的)

- exclusive [default: no]: 是否移除 authorized_keys 文件中其它非指定 key

= key: SSH public key(s) 可以是字符串或 url,如:https://github.com/username.keys

- key_options [Default: None]: 附加到 key 中的字符串,该字符串会加到 key 的开头

- path [Default: (homedir)+/.ssh/authorized_keys]: 指定 authorized_keys 文件存放的位置

- state (Choices: present, absent) [Default: present]: present 添加指定 key 到 authorized_keys 文件中;absent 从 authorized_keys 文件中移除指定 key

= user: 指定修改远端服务器上哪个用户的 authorized_keys

- manage_dir (Choices: yes, no) [Default: yes]: 指定模块是否应该管理 authorized key 文件所在的目录。如果设置为 yes,模块会创建目录,以及设置一个已存在目录的拥有者和权限。如果通过 path 选项,重新指定了一个 authorized key 文件所在目录,那么应该将该选项设置为 no

2、批量推送

一个简单的批量推送的 playbook 文件

]$ vim PushKey.yml
---
- hosts: webs
  remote_user: osmgr
  become: yes
  become_user: root
  become_method: sudo
  tasks:
    - name: deliver authorized_keys
      authorized_key: 
        user: osmgr
        key: "{{ lookup('file', '/home/osmgr/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}"
        state: present
        exclusive: yes

以 osmgr 用户身份,执行以下命令,并提供远端主机上 osmgr 用户的口令

]$ ansible-playbook PushKey.yml -k
SSH password: 

注:

远端主机上 osmgr 用户已经配置免密 sudo 权限

3、批量更改

出于安全的考虑,可能有定期更换密钥的需求。其实批量推送与批量更改实现原理是一致的:

1.生成新的密钥时,使用 -f 选项,避免新生成的密钥覆盖老的密钥

]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa_new
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/osmgr/.ssh/id_rsa_new.
Your public key has been saved in /home/osmgr/.ssh/id_rsa_new.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
00:0e:dc:42:0b:cf:28:d3:41:0b:3f:ee:b7:f8:48:5d osmgr@test-135-46
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|o+=..            |
| Oo*..           |
|+ O.. .          |
|.o .   .         |
|  .   E S        |
| . . .           |
|  o o            |
| . + .           |
|  o.o            |
+-----------------+

 -f:设置 key 文件的文件名

查看生成的新密钥对:

]$ ls ~/.ssh | grep new
id_rsa_new
id_rsa_new.pub

2.将新生成的密钥推送到远程主机上,还是使用上面的 playbook。只是把读取的密钥文件更改成新生成的 “id_rsa_2016-09-13.pub” 即可。

key: "{{ lookup('file', '/home/osmgr/.ssh/id_rsa_new.pub') }}"

3.更新完成后,备份老的密钥,将新生成的密钥名更改为默认密钥名

备份老密钥:

]$ mv ~/.ssh/id_rsa ~/keybak/id_rsa.$(date +%F).bak
]$ mv ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/keybak/id_rsa.pub.$(date +%F).bak

更改新密钥:

]$ mv ~/.ssh/id_rsa_new id_rsa
]$ mv ~/.ssh/id_rsa_new.pub id_rsa.pub

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