1.get请求
- http.Get
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
resp, err := http.Get("https://wwww.baidu.com")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
}
2.post请求
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
data := url.Values{"app_id":{"238b2213-a8ca-42d8-8eab-1f1db3c50ed6"}, "mobile_tel":{"13794227450"}}
body := strings.NewReader(data.Encode())
urlStr := "http://qdgj.myscrm.cn/api/index.php?r=site/login&token=cdkqqf1407307954&from=b2c_h5"
resp, err := http.Post(urlStr, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", body)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
bodyC, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
var jsonMap map[string]interface{}
err = json.Unmarshal(bodyC, &jsonMap)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
fmt.Println(jsonMap)
}
这里用ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)来读取响应
我自己本地的测试接口返回信息如下：
map[app_id:238b2213-a8ca-42d8-8eab-1f1db3c50ed6 mobile_tel:13794227450]
3.细节
首先，直接用http.get或http.post，用的都是DefaultClient来调用get/post：
image.png
image.png
由此可见，我们可用client来调用，比如：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"time"
)
func main() {
client := http.Client{
Timeout: 5* time.Second,
}
resp, err := client.Get("http://qdgj.myscrm.cn/api/index.php?r=site/login&token=cdkqqf1407307954&from=b2c_h5")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
html,_ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(html))
}
上述代码还给client设置了超时时间，我将测试接口休眠6s，得到输出：
Get http://qdgj.myscrm.cn/api/index.php?r=site/login&token=cdkqqf1407307954&from=b2c_h5:
net/http: request canceled (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)
继续看源码，无论get还是post都是用这种方式来创建请求：
image.png
image.png
因此，你也可以用这种方式来创建请求，比如：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
var body io.Reader
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://qdgj.myscrm.cn/api/index.php?r=site/login&token=cdkqqf1407307954&from=b2c_h5", body)
resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
html,_ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(html))
}
另外，我们再看看request和response有哪些结构体成员：
- request
type Request struct {
Method string //HTTP method (GET, POST, PUT, etc.)
URL *url.URL // 见下面URL定义
Proto string // http协议类型，如 HTTP/1.1，HTTP/2
ProtoMajor int // 1
ProtoMinor int // 0
Header Header // 请求头，map[string][]string
Body io.ReadCloser // http请求body post请求的内容就放在这里
GetBody func() (io.ReadCloser, error) // 获取body的方法
ContentLength int64 // 描述HTTP消息实体的传输长度
TransferEncoding []string //传输编码， 如chunk
Close bool
Host string // 主机地址，IP或域名
Form url.Values //URL和参数的map
PostForm url.Values //POST, PATCH, or PUT body 参数
MultipartForm *multipart.Form
Trailer Header
RemoteAddr string
RequestURI string //通常就是URL
TLS *tls.ConnectionState
Cancel <-chan struct{}
Response *Response
ctx context.Context
}
----------------------------------------------
URL定义：
type URL struct {
Scheme string
Opaque string // encoded opaque data
User *Userinfo // username and password information
Host string // host or host:port
Path string // path (relative paths may omit leading slash)
RawPath string // encoded path hint (see EscapedPath method)
ForceQuery bool // append a query ('?') even if RawQuery is empty
RawQuery string // encoded query values, without '?'
Fragment string // fragment for references, without '#'
}
- response
type Response struct {
Status string // e.g. "200 OK"
StatusCode int // e.g. 200
Proto string // e.g. "HTTP/1.0"
ProtoMajor int // e.g. 1
ProtoMinor int // e.g. 0
Header Header //响应头
Body io.ReadCloser //响应内容
ContentLength int64 //HTTP消息实体的传输长度
TransferEncoding []string
Close bool
Uncompressed bool
Trailer Header
Request *Request
TLS *tls.ConnectionState
}