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实验mysql主从实现双机同步

MYSQL搭建主从服务器，实现双机同步。

一、实施环境

虚拟机环境：Vmare8.0

操作系统环境：Redhat 6.0(32位)两台

主服务器：192.168.137.10/24

从服务器：192.168.137.30/24

采用nat方式网络互连

Mysql版本。5.1.62

二、实施步骤

主服务器步骤（192.168.137.10）

解压mysql

# tar -zxf mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz

# cd mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz

编译安装，去掉debug模式（安装目录能少20~30Mb）

# ./configure --without-debug --with-mysqld-ldflags=--all-static

--with-client-ldflags=--all-static --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ ;make ;make install

将mysql目录用户和组改为mysql

#chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

初始化数据库

#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

复制数据库的中等配置文件

#cp -pr support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/init.d/my.cnf

复制数据库的启动配置文件

#cp -pr support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

赋予root用户执行读写权限

#chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

起mysql服务

service mysqld start

修改mysqlroot 用户密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

进入mysql数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p（会提示输入密码）

创建数据库

以上步骤从属服务器（192.168.137.30）使用同样配置

############################################################3

切换到主服务器（192.168.137.10），进入数据库；

创建一个用户使得从服务器用于同步，

修改主服务器的mysql配置文件my.cnf

其实最主要的是加上server-id=1;以及log-bin=mysql-bin;

贴上自己的配置文件

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays

# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with

# other programs (such as a web server)

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

# locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# You can copy this option file to one of those

# locations. For information about these locations, see:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

#password = your_password

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

binlog-do-db=abc ###需要同步的数据库

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows

# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!

#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

log-bin=mysql-bin #应用于二进制同步，必须有

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

# but will not function as a master if omitted

server-id = 1 #设置主服务器，必须有

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)

# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between

# two methods :

# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -

# the syntax is:

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,

# MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;

# where you replace , , by quoted strings and

# by the master's port number (3306 by default).

# Example:

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,

# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';

# OR

# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then

# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example

# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to

# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later

# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and

# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown

# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.

# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched

# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)

# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1

# (and different from the master)

# defaults to 2 if master-host is set

# but will not function as a slave if omitted

#server-id = 2

# The replication master for this slave - required

#master-host =

# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting

# to the master - required

#master-user =

# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to

# the master - required

#master-password =

# The port the master is listening on.

# optional - defaults to 3306

#master-port =

# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended

log-bin=mysql-bin ########这个必须有

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high

#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 20M

sort_buffer_size = 20M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

[mysql_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log #日志也很重要，出错了我们可以有据可查

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

##########################################################3

从属服务器my.cnf配置文件

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays

# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with

# other programs (such as a web server)

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

# locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# You can copy this option file to one of those

# locations. For information about these locations, see:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

#password = your_password

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

user=mysql

old_passwords=1

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows

# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!

#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

#log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

# but will not function as a master if omitted

#server-id = 1