Prometheus 安装及简介

Prometheus, a Cloud Native Computing Foundation project, is a systems and service monitoring system.
Prometheus的主要特征：

• 多维数据模型（由度量标准名称和键/值维度集定义的时间序列）
• 灵活的查询语言，以利用此维度
• 不依赖于分布式存储;单个服务器节点是自治的
• 时间序列集合通过HTTP上的拉模型进行
• 通过中间网关支持推送时间序列
• 通过服务发现或静态配置发现目标
• 支持多种图形和仪表板
• 支持分层和水平联合

Prometheus架构概述.png

Prometheus有多种安装文件。

• 二进制文件
  Prometheus官方提供了支持多种 OS 的二进制安装文件，下载地址 官网的download section。

• docker镜像
  在 github 上搜索镜像 Quay.io 或者 Docker Hub。
  

  

  dockerhub-prometheus.png

  启动容器的命令

  $ docker run --name prometheus -d -p 127.0.0.1:9090:9090 -v /{mydir}/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus
  

• 提供源码自行编译构建。
  ......

配置文件示例

github上的 prometheus.yml 示例
Prometheus官方详细说明

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration，比如prometheus-alertmanager的url。
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
        ['10.240.0.5:9093']

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
# 首次加载，之后根据evaluation_interval设定的值周期性读取加载
rule_files:
  - /etc/prometheus/alerting_rules.yml
# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['10.240.0.5:9090']

  # 关银保数据库埋点
  - job_name: 'db_auth'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['10.240.0.5:9160']
        labels:
          group: 'pro-environment'
    metrics_path: '/metrics'
    scheme: http
    # Sets the `Authorization` header on every scrape request with the
    # configured username and password.
    # password and password_file are mutually exclusive.
    #basic_auth:
      username: 'admin'
      password: 'admin'
      #[ password_file:  ]

其中的报警规则的配置示例见下面链接
alerting_rules.yml

groups:
- name: gyb-database-alert-rules
  rules:
    # db-auth告警名称
  - alert: DataBase-auth-Down
    # 告警的判定条件，参考Prometheus高级查询来设定
    expr: oracledb_up{job="db_auth"} < 1 
    # 满足告警条件持续时间多久后，才会发送告警
    for: 1m
    labels: #标签项
      team: gyb
    annotations: # 解析项，详细解释告警信息
      summary: "{{$labels.instance}}: auth数据库Down."
      description: "{{$labels.instance}}: job {{$labels.job}} has been down."

本文翻译自 github上的 Prometheus 主页.