P4556 [Vani有约会]雨天的尾巴 (线段树合并)

P4556 [Vani有约会]雨天的尾巴

题意:

首先村落里的一共有n座房屋,并形成一个树状结构。然后救济粮分m次发放,每次选择两个房屋(x,y),然后对于x到y的路径上(含x和y)每座房子里发放一袋z类型的救济粮。
然后深绘里想知道,当所有的救济粮发放完毕后,每座房子里存放的最多的是哪种救济粮。

题解:

树链剖分的写法很明显了,维护一个max即可

讲一下线段树合并的写法

区间更新用单点更新和差分来代替,求一个LCA,x->y的更新即可用在点x+1,点y+1,点lca(x,y)-1,点fa(lca(x,y))-1 后,线段树合并来取代, 线段树维护最多的救济粮编号val,最多救济粮的数量sum,然后在合并的时候就可以统计出u节点的答案了

代码

/**
 *        ┏┓    ┏┓
 *        ┏┛┗━━━━━━━┛┗━━━┓
 *        ┃       ┃  
 *        ┃   ━    ┃
 *        ┃ >   < ┃
 *        ┃       ┃
 *        ┃... ⌒ ...  ┃
 *        ┃       ┃
 *        ┗━┓   ┏━┛
 *          ┃   ┃ Code is far away from bug with the animal protecting          
 *          ┃   ┃   神兽保佑,代码无bug
 *          ┃   ┃           
 *          ┃   ┃        
 *          ┃   ┃
 *          ┃   ┃           
 *          ┃   ┗━━━┓
 *          ┃       ┣┓
 *          ┃       ┏┛
 *          ┗┓┓┏━┳┓┏┛
 *           ┃┫┫ ┃┫┫
 *           ┗┻┛ ┗┻┛
 */
// warm heart, wagging tail,and a smile just for you!
//
//                            _ooOoo_
//                           o8888888o
//                           88" . "88
//                           (| -_- |)
//                           O\  =  /O
//                        ____/`---'\____
//                      .'  \|     |//  `.
//                     /  \|||  :  |||//  \
//                    /  _||||| -:- |||||-  \
//                    |   | \  -  /// |   |
//                    | \_|  ''\---/''  |   |
//                    \  .-\__  `-`  ___/-. /
//                  ___`. .'  /--.--\  `. . __
//               ."" '<  `.___\_<|>_/___.'  >'"".
//              | | :  `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |
//              \  \ `-.   \_ __\ /__ _/   .-` /  /
//         ======`-.____`-.___\_____/___.-`____.-'======
//                            `=---='
//        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
//                     佛祖保佑      永无BUG
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
typedef pair pii;
typedef unsigned long long uLL;

#define lson l,mid,rt<<1
#define rson mid+1,r,rt<<1|1
#define bug printf("*********\n")
#define FIN freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
#define FON freopen("output.txt","w+",stdout);
#define IO ios::sync_with_stdio(false),cin.tie(0)
#define debug1(x) cout<<"["<<#x<<" "<<(x)<<"]\n"
#define debug2(x,y) cout<<"["<<#x<<" "<<(x)<<" "<<#y<<" "<<(y)<<"]\n"
#define debug3(x,y,z) cout<<"["<<#x<<" "<<(x)<<" "<<#y<<" "<<(y)<<" "<<#z<<" "<>= 1;
    } return ans;
}
struct EDGE {
    int v, nxt;
} edge[maxn << 1];
int head[maxn], tot;
void add_edge(int u, int v) {
    edge[tot].v = v;
    edge[tot].nxt = head[u];
    head[u] = tot++;
}
struct node {
    int l, r, sum, val;
} tree[maxn * 40];
int root[maxn];
int tree_cnt;

int sz[maxn], dep[maxn], fa[maxn], top[maxn], w[maxn], son[maxn], W[maxn], cnt;
void init() {
    dep[1] = 1; fa[1] = 0;
    memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));
    tree_cnt = 0;
    tot = 0;
    cnt = 0;
}
#define ls tree[rt].l
#define rs tree[rt].r

void push_up(int rt) {
    if(tree[ls].sum > tree[rs].sum) {
        tree[rt].sum = tree[ls].sum;
        tree[rt].val = tree[ls].val;
    } else if(tree[ls].sum == tree[rs].sum) {
        tree[rt].sum = tree[ls].sum;
        tree[rt].val = min(tree[ls].val, tree[rs].val);
    } else {
        tree[rt].sum = tree[rs].sum;
        tree[rt].val = tree[rs].val;
    }
}
void update(int &x,  int l, int r, int pos, int val) {
    if(!x) x = ++tree_cnt;
    if(l == r) {
        tree[x].sum += val;
        if(tree[x].sum) {
            tree[x].val = l;
        } else {
            tree[x].val = 0;
        }
        return;
    }
    int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
    if(pos <= mid) update(tree[x].l,  l, mid, pos, val);
    else update(tree[x].r,  mid + 1, r, pos, val);
    push_up(x);
}
void merge(int &x, int y, int l, int r) {
    if(!x || !y) {
        x = x + y;
        return;
    }
    if(l == r) {
        tree[x].sum += tree[y].sum;
        if(tree[x].sum) {
            tree[x].val = l;
        } else {
            tree[x].val = 0;
        }
        return;
    }
    int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
    merge(tree[x].l, tree[y].l, l, mid);
    merge(tree[x].r, tree[y].r, mid + 1, r);
    push_up(x);
}


void dfs1(int u) {
    sz[u] = 1; son[u] = 0;
    for (int i = head[u]; ~i; i = edge[i].nxt) {
        int v = edge[i].v;
        if (v != fa[u]) {
            fa[v] = u;
            dep[v] = dep[u] + 1;
            dfs1(v);
            sz[u] += sz[v];
            if (sz[v] > sz[son[u]]) son[u] = v;
        }
    }
}

void dfs2(int u, int tp, int x) {
    top[u] = tp; w[u] = ++cnt; W[cnt] = u;
    if (son[u]) dfs2(son[u], tp, 1);
    for (int i = head[u]; ~i; i = edge[i].nxt) {
        int v = edge[i].v;
        if (v == son[u] || v == fa[u]) continue;
        dfs2(v, v, 2);
    }
}


int LCA(int x, int y) {
    while (top[x] != top[y]) {
        if (dep[top[x]] < dep[top[y]]) std::swap(x, y);
        x = fa[top[x]];
    }
    if (dep[x] > dep[y]) std::swap(x, y);
    return x;
}
int ans[maxn];
void dfs(int u, int fa) {
    for(int i = head[u]; i != -1; i = edge[i].nxt) {
        int v = edge[i].v;
        if(v == fa) continue;
        dfs(v, u);
        merge(root[u], root[v], 1, 100000);
    }
    ans[u] = tree[root[u]].val;
}
int main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    FIN
#endif

    int n, m;
    init();
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
    for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        int u, v;
        scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);
        add_edge(u, v);
        add_edge(v, u);
    }
    dfs1(1);
    dfs2(1, 1, 1);
    for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
        int x, y, z;
        scanf("%d%d%d", &x, &y, &z);
        int lca = LCA(x, y);
        update(root[x], 1, 100000, z, 1);
        // bug;
        update(root[y], 1, 100000, z, 1);
        update(root[lca], 1, 100000, z, -1);
        if(fa[lca]) update(root[fa[lca]], 1, 100000, z, -1);
    }
    dfs(1, 0);
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        printf("%d\n", ans[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}

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