迁移home目录到独立分区
home目录为普通用户的家目录，存放着用户的数据，时间一长数据就会变得越来越多，如文档、视频、工作记录等，容量也会随之增大，这时就需要想办法增加home目录的容量，此时就显得尤为重要，而普通分区时不能进行扩充容量的，就需要使用其他的办法——将home目录迁移到容量大的独立分区中。当然了，如果初始安装系统的时候就想到了，为home分区分区容量大的空间就不需要了，而当用户数量越来越多的时候，后续为home增大空间这还是很需要的。
一、创建分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6#分配分区号，之前的已经使用了，这里使用6
First sector (50579456-419430399, default 50579456):
Using default value 50579456
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (50579456-419430399, default 419430399): +10G #为分区指定容量，可以根据需要进行分配
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w #保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# ls /dev/sda*
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sda4 /dev/sda5
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe #分区好了之后需要同步分区
[root@localhost ~]# ls /dev/sda*
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sda4 /dev/sda5 /dev/sda6
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6 #格式化分区
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda6 #使用blkid可以查看格式化之后的分区，也可以查看指定的分区
/dev/sda6: UUID="77481be9-726d-4830-97b5-ff0324026aa0" TYPE="ext4"
二、挂载分区
先将/dev/sda6挂载到/mn/home目录下，新建一个其他的目录也可以，拷贝完数据后，再将新建分区挂载到/home目录下
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/home
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/home/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
[root@localhost home]# ls
bash basher centos cyh gentoo hht jone nologin stud test testbash tom tom8 zhangsan
[root@localhost home]# mv * /mnt/home/ #移动home目录文件到刚挂载目录中
[root@localhost home]# cd /mnt/home/
[root@localhost home]# ls
bash centos gentoo jone nologin test tom zhangsan
basher cyh hht lost+found stud testbash tom8
[root@localhost home]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda6 /home/
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 20G 4.6G 16G 23% /
devtmpfs 899M 0 899M 0% /dev
tmpfs 913M 88K 913M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 913M 9.1M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs 913M 0 913M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 139M 59M 71% /boot
/dev/sda3 197M 11M 187M 6% /testdir
tmpfs 183M 24K 183M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 976M 1.3M 924M 1% /mnt
/dev/sda6 9.8G 41M 9.2G 1% /home
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/home/
三、编辑配置文件，让分区能开机自动挂载
切记一定要将挂载条目写入到/etc/fstab配置文件中，要不然下次开机之后，普通用户就会找不到家目录，也就访问不了各自的数据了，终端提示符也会出现错误。
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Jul 21 11:23:38 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=80371af2-ee0e-481c-b71a-c9d25b11800a / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=33974954-468b-490d-b84a-c955716d7146 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=346923cc-58f2-44b6-91d0-6ad8687ebd7b /testdir xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=981b1be0-81ec-46aa-bb2c-6d7f0d79aa46 swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID="77481be9-726d-4830-97b5-ff0324026aa0" /home ext4 defaults 0 0
[root@localhost ~]# reboot #重启测试
Last login: Wed Aug 31 15:24:51 2016
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 20G 4.6G 16G 23% /
devtmpfs 899M 0 899M 0% /dev
tmpfs 913M 0 913M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 913M 9.0M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs 913M 0 913M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda6 9.8G 41M 9.2G 1% /home
/dev/sda3 197M 11M 187M 6% /testdir
/dev/sda1 197M 139M 59M 71% /boot
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]# su - cyh
Last login: Wed Aug 31 15:54:45 CST 2016 on tty1
[cyh@localhost ~]$ pwd
/home/cyh
[cyh@localhost ~]$ touch 11
[cyh@localhost ~]$ ll 11
-rw-rw-r--. 1 cyh cyh 0 Aug 31 15:55 11