Android事件分发机制

一、事件传递顺序

Activity->ViewGroup->View

二、事件传递的主要方法

1、dispatchTouchEvent() 返回true,代表消费了触摸事件;返回false 代表未消费。

该方法 贯穿Activity 、ViewGroup 和View,是事件传递的主要方法。

  /**
3051     * Called to process touch screen events.  You can override this to
3052     * intercept all touch screen events before they are dispatched to the
3053     * window.  Be sure to call this implementation for touch screen events
3054     * that should be handled normally.
3055     *
3056     * @param ev The touch screen event.
3057     *
3058     * @return boolean Return true if this event was consumed.
3059     */
3060    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
3061        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
3062            onUserInteraction();
3063        }
3064        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
3065            return true;
3066        }
3067        return onTouchEvent(ev);
3068    }

2、 public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) :ViewGroup 独有的方法。ViewGroup 每次调用dispatchTouchEvent(),都会调用一次onInterceptTouchEvent()

  • 返回true 代表改ViewGroup 对触摸事件进行拦截,不再将事件向下传递,由该ViewGroup来处理。之后会调用ViewGroup 父类(View)中的onTouchEvent方法,进行处理。
  • 返回false,代表该viewGroup不拦截事件。
   /**
2758     * Implement this method to intercept all touch screen motion events.  This
2759     * allows you to watch events as they are dispatched to your children, and
2760     * take ownership of the current gesture at any point.
2761     *
2762     * 

Using this function takes some care, as it has a fairly complicated 2763 * interaction with {@link View#onTouchEvent(MotionEvent) 2764 * View.onTouchEvent(MotionEvent)}, and using it requires implementing 2765 * that method as well as this one in the correct way. Events will be 2766 * received in the following order: 2767 * 2768 *

    2769 *
  1. You will receive the down event here. 2770 *
  2. The down event will be handled either by a child of this view 2771 * group, or given to your own onTouchEvent() method to handle; this means 2772 * you should implement onTouchEvent() to return true, so you will 2773 * continue to see the rest of the gesture (instead of looking for 2774 * a parent view to handle it). Also, by returning true from 2775 * onTouchEvent(), you will not receive any following 2776 * events in onInterceptTouchEvent() and all touch processing must 2777 * happen in onTouchEvent() like normal. 2778 *
  3. For as long as you return false from this function, each following 2779 * event (up to and including the final up) will be delivered first here 2780 * and then to the target's onTouchEvent(). 2781 *
  4. If you return true from here, you will not receive any 2782 * following events: the target view will receive the same event but 2783 * with the action {@link MotionEvent#ACTION_CANCEL}, and all further 2784 * events will be delivered to your onTouchEvent() method and no longer 2785 * appear here. 2786 *
2787 * 2788 * @param ev The motion event being dispatched down the hierarchy. 2789 * @return Return true to steal motion events from the children and have 2790 * them dispatched to this ViewGroup through onTouchEvent(). 2791 * The current target will receive an ACTION_CANCEL event, and no further 2792 * messages will be delivered here. 2793 */ 2794 public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { 2795 if (ev.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE) 2796 && ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN 2797 && ev.isButtonPressed(MotionEvent.BUTTON_PRIMARY) 2798 && isOnScrollbarThumb(ev.getX(), ev.getY())) { 2799 return true; 2800 } 2801 return false; 2802 }

3、 public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) 具体处理按下、弹起、移动和取消等事件。

其中在处理MotionEvent.ACTION_UP时,会调用 performClick();
进而调用onClick()方法

    /**
     * Implement this method to handle touch screen motion events.
     * 

* If this method is used to detect click actions, it is recommended that * the actions be performed by implementing and calling * {@link #performClick()}. This will ensure consistent system behavior, * including: *

    *
  • obeying click sound preferences *
  • dispatching OnClickListener calls *
  • handling {@link AccessibilityNodeInfo#ACTION_CLICK ACTION_CLICK} when * accessibility features are enabled *
* * @param event The motion event. * @return True if the event was handled, false otherwise. */ public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {}
    public boolean performClick() {  

        if (mOnClickListener != null) {  
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);  
            mOnClickListener.onClick(this);  
            return true;  
            // 只要我们通过setOnClickListener()为控件View注册1个点击事件
            // 那么就会给mOnClickListener变量赋值(即不为空)
            // 则会往下回调onClick() & performClick()返回true
        }  
        return false;  
    }  

三、事件分发的主要过程:

1、activity的事件分发过程

/**
  * 源码分析:Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()
  */ 
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

            // 一般事件列开始都是DOWN事件 = 按下事件,故此处基本是true
            if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {

                onUserInteraction();
                // ->>分析1

            }

            // ->>分析2
            if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {

                return true;
                // 若getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)的返回true
                // 则Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()就返回true,则方法结束。即 :该点击事件停止往下传递 & 事件传递过程结束
                // 否则:继续往下调用Activity.onTouchEvent

            }
            // ->>分析4
            return onTouchEvent(ev);
        }


/**
  * 分析1:onUserInteraction()
  * 作用:实现屏保功能
  * 注:
  *    a. 该方法为空方法
  *    b. 当此activity在栈顶时,触屏点击按home,back,menu键等都会触发此方法
  */
      public void onUserInteraction() { 

      }
      // 回到最初的调用原处

/**
  * 分析2:getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)
  * 说明:
  *     a. getWindow() = 获取Window类的对象
  *     b. Window类是抽象类,其唯一实现类 = PhoneWindow类;即此处的Window类对象 = PhoneWindow类对象
  *     c. Window类的superDispatchTouchEvent() = 1个抽象方法,由子类PhoneWindow类实现
  */
    @Override
    public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
        // mDecor = 顶层View(DecorView)的实例对象
        // ->> 分析3
    }

/**
  * 分析3:mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event)
  * 定义:属于顶层View(DecorView)
  * 说明:
  *     a. DecorView类是PhoneWindow类的一个内部类
  *     b. DecorView继承自FrameLayout,是所有界面的父类
  *     c. FrameLayout是ViewGroup的子类,故DecorView的间接父类 = ViewGroup
  */
    public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
        // 调用父类的方法 = ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()
        // 即 将事件传递到ViewGroup去处理,详细请看ViewGroup的事件分发机制

    }
    // 回到最初的调用原处

/**
  * 分析4:Activity.onTouchEvent()
  * 定义:属于顶层View(DecorView)
  * 说明:
  *     a. DecorView类是PhoneWindow类的一个内部类
  *     b. DecorView继承自FrameLayout,是所有界面的父类
  *     c. FrameLayout是ViewGroup的子类,故DecorView的间接父类 = ViewGroup
  */
  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

        // 当一个点击事件未被Activity下任何一个View接收 / 处理时
        // 应用场景:处理发生在Window边界外的触摸事件
        // ->> 分析5
        if (mWindow.shouldCloseOnTouch(this, event)) {
            finish();
            return true;
        }
        
        return false;
        // 即 只有在点击事件在Window边界外才会返回true,一般情况都返回false,分析完毕
    }

/**
  * 分析5:mWindow.shouldCloseOnTouch(this, event)
  */
    public boolean shouldCloseOnTouch(Context context, MotionEvent event) {
    // 主要是对于处理边界外点击事件的判断:是否是DOWN事件,event的坐标是否在边界内等
    if (mCloseOnTouchOutside && event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
            && isOutOfBounds(context, event) && peekDecorView() != null) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
    // 返回true:说明事件在边界外,即 消费事件
    // 返回false:未消费(默认)
}
// 回到分析4调用原处

[图片上传失败...(image-4cbdd0-1561382986192)]

2、ViewGroup的事件分发过程:

/**
  * 源码分析:ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent()
  */ 
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { 

    ... // 仅贴出关键代码

        // 重点分析1:ViewGroup每次事件分发时,都需调用onInterceptTouchEvent()询问是否拦截事件
            if (disallowIntercept || !onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) {  

            // 判断值1:disallowIntercept = 是否禁用事件拦截的功能(默认是false),可通过调用requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()修改
            // 判断值2: !onInterceptTouchEvent(ev) = 对onInterceptTouchEvent()返回值取反
                    // a. 若在onInterceptTouchEvent()中返回false(即不拦截事件),就会让第二个值为true,从而进入到条件判断的内部
                    // b. 若在onInterceptTouchEvent()中返回true(即拦截事件),就会让第二个值为false,从而跳出了这个条件判断
                    // c. 关于onInterceptTouchEvent() ->>分析1

                ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN);  
                final int scrolledXInt = (int) scrolledXFloat;  
                final int scrolledYInt = (int) scrolledYFloat;  
                final View[] children = mChildren;  
                final int count = mChildrenCount;  

        // 重点分析2
            // 通过for循环,遍历了当前ViewGroup下的所有子View
            for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  
                final View child = children[i];  
                if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE  
                        || child.getAnimation() != null) {  
                    child.getHitRect(frame);  

                    // 判断当前遍历的View是不是正在点击的View,从而找到当前被点击的View
                    // 若是,则进入条件判断内部
                    if (frame.contains(scrolledXInt, scrolledYInt)) {  
                        final float xc = scrolledXFloat - child.mLeft;  
                        final float yc = scrolledYFloat - child.mTop;  
                        ev.setLocation(xc, yc);  
                        child.mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;  

                        // 条件判断的内部调用了该View的dispatchTouchEvent()
                        // 即 实现了点击事件从ViewGroup到子View的传递(具体请看下面的View事件分发机制)
                        if (child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev))  { 

                        mMotionTarget = child;  
                        return true; 
                        // 调用子View的dispatchTouchEvent后是有返回值的
                        // 若该控件可点击,那么点击时,dispatchTouchEvent的返回值必定是true,因此会导致条件判断成立
                        // 于是给ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()直接返回了true,即直接跳出
                        // 即把ViewGroup的点击事件拦截掉

                                }  
                            }  
                        }  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
            boolean isUpOrCancel = (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) ||  
                    (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);  
            if (isUpOrCancel) {  
                mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;  
            }  
            final View target = mMotionTarget;  

        // 重点分析3
        // 若点击的是空白处(即无任何View接收事件) / 拦截事件(手动复写onInterceptTouchEvent(),从而让其返回true)
        if (target == null) {  
            ev.setLocation(xf, yf);  
            if ((mPrivateFlags & CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT) != 0) {  
                ev.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);  
                mPrivateFlags &= ~CANCEL_NEXT_UP_EVENT;  
            }  
            
            return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
            // 调用ViewGroup父类的dispatchTouchEvent(),即View.dispatchTouchEvent()
            // 因此会执行ViewGroup的onTouch() ->> onTouchEvent() ->> performClick() ->> onClick(),即自己处理该事件,事件不会往下传递(具体请参考View事件的分发机制中的View.dispatchTouchEvent())
            // 此处需与上面区别:子View的dispatchTouchEvent()
        } 

        ... 

}
/**
  * 分析1:ViewGroup.onInterceptTouchEvent()
  * 作用:是否拦截事件
  * 说明:
  *     a. 返回true = 拦截,即事件停止往下传递(需手动设置,即复写onInterceptTouchEvent(),从而让其返回true)
  *     b. 返回false = 不拦截(默认)
  */
  public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {  
    
    return false;

  } 
  // 回到调用原处

[图片上传失败...(image-5f151-1561382986192)]

3、View的事件分发过程:

View的事件分发流如下:

  • dispatchTouchEvent
  • ->mTouchLisitener->onTouch()
  • ->onTouchEvent()
  • ->performClick()
  • ->mOnclickListener->OnClick()
   view.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                        return false;
                    }
    });
                
    view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            
        }
    });
/**
  * 源码分析:View.dispatchTouchEvent()
  */
  public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {  

        if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&  
                mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {  
            return true;  
        } 
        return onTouchEvent(event);  
  }
  // 说明:只有以下3个条件都为真,dispatchTouchEvent()才返回true;否则执行onTouchEvent()
  //     1. mOnTouchListener != null
  //     2. (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
  //     3. mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)
  // 下面对这3个条件逐个分析


/**
  * 条件1:mOnTouchListener != null
  * 说明:mOnTouchListener变量在View.setOnTouchListener()方法里赋值
  */
  public void setOnTouchListener(OnTouchListener l) { 

    mOnTouchListener = l;  
    // 即只要我们给控件注册了Touch事件,mOnTouchListener就一定被赋值(不为空)
        
} 

/**
  * 条件2:(mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
  * 说明:
  *     a. 该条件是判断当前点击的控件是否enable
  *     b. 由于很多View默认enable,故该条件恒定为true
  */

/**
  * 条件3:mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)
  * 说明:即 回调控件注册Touch事件时的onTouch();需手动复写设置,具体如下(以按钮Button为例)
  */
    button.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {  
        @Override  
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {  
     
            return false;  
        }  
    });
    // 若在onTouch()返回true,就会让上述三个条件全部成立,从而使得View.dispatchTouchEvent()直接返回true,事件分发结束
    // 若在onTouch()返回false,就会使得上述三个条件不全部成立,从而使得View.dispatchTouchEvent()中跳出If,执行onTouchEvent(event)
/**
  * 源码分析:View.onTouchEvent()
  */
  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {  
    final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;  

    if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {  
         
        return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||  
                (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));  
    }  
    if (mTouchDelegate != null) {  
        if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {  
            return true;  
        }  
    }  

    // 若该控件可点击,则进入switch判断中
    if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||  
            (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {  

                switch (event.getAction()) { 

                    // a. 若当前的事件 = 抬起View(主要分析)
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:  
                        boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) != 0;  

                            ...// 经过种种判断,此处省略

                            // 执行performClick() ->>分析1
                            performClick();  
                            break;  

                    // b. 若当前的事件 = 按下View
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:  
                        if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {  
                            mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();  
                        }  
                        mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;  
                        mHasPerformedLongPress = false;  
                        postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());  
                        break;  

                    // c. 若当前的事件 = 结束事件(非人为原因)
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:  
                        mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;  
                        refreshDrawableState();  
                        removeTapCallback();  
                        break;

                    // d. 若当前的事件 = 滑动View
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:  
                        final int x = (int) event.getX();  
                        final int y = (int) event.getY();  
        
                        int slop = mTouchSlop;  
                        if ((x < 0 - slop) || (x >= getWidth() + slop) ||  
                                (y < 0 - slop) || (y >= getHeight() + slop)) {  
                            // Outside button  
                            removeTapCallback();  
                            if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {  
                                // Remove any future long press/tap checks  
                                removeLongPressCallback();  
                                // Need to switch from pressed to not pressed  
                                mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;  
                                refreshDrawableState();  
                            }  
                        }  
                        break;  
                }  
                // 若该控件可点击,就一定返回true
                return true;  
            }  
             // 若该控件不可点击,就一定返回false
            return false;  
        }

/**
  * 分析1:performClick()
  */  
    public boolean performClick() {  

        if (mOnClickListener != null) {  
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);  
            mOnClickListener.onClick(this);  
            return true;  
            // 只要我们通过setOnClickListener()为控件View注册1个点击事件
            // 那么就会给mOnClickListener变量赋值(即不为空)
            // 则会往下回调onClick() & performClick()返回true
        }  
        return false;  
    }  

[图片上传失败...(image-b1c329-1561382986192)]

参考文章:

https://www.jianshu.com/p/38015afcdb58

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