iOS 下载图片 压缩 显示到CALayer上

在开发中会有这样的场景,从网上下载图片,压缩图片到屏幕尺寸,最后显示出来,显示的位置或许是CollectionView上,在整个过程中,还会有滑动,Cell 重用等情况。如果不处理好,会有些许卡顿。

// 线程同步方式去下载图片, 会阻塞线程
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=86408331,3792352527&fm=23&gp=0.jpg"];
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];

注意的是,这个方法是阻塞线程的,如果使用主线程,凑巧网络不给力,那么界面会卡顿,通常会用异步下载。

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT,0), ^{

  NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=86408331,3792352527&fm=23&gp=0.jpg"];
  NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];
  // 下载好后继续 裁剪图片
   。。。
});

图片获取到之后,然后开始裁剪,这里的imageMaxSize 指的是最长边,这个方法的好处在于解码峰值把握得非常好,性能可能不是最优,CGContext 相关的缩图方案可以查查google或者baidu,很完善了。

// 直接压缩,没有峰值 , 需要自己释放 CGImageRef
CGImageRef thumbnailImageWithData(NSData *jpgData, NSInteger imageMaxSize) {
    
    CGImageSourceRef imageSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithData((CFDataRef)jpgData, NULL);
    
    CFDictionaryRef options =  (__bridge CFDictionaryRef) @{
                                                            (id) kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailWithTransform : @YES,
                                                            (id) kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailFromImageAlways : @YES,
                                                            (id) kCGImageSourceThumbnailMaxPixelSize : @(imageMaxSize)
                                                            };
    
    CGImageRef thumbnail = CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex(imageSource, 0, options);
    CFRelease(imageSource);
    
    return thumbnail;
}

我尝试用 3500 x 6225像素的图片压缩成 359x640,效果还是不错的,另一种方案也能压缩,他们2种都是大约0.42s(iPhone7),不过第2种可调参数更多。

- (CGImageRef)resizeImageAtPathFast:(NSString *)imagePath
{
    UIImage *img = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:imagePath];
    
    CGImageRef imageRef = img.CGImage;
    
    CGRect newRect = CGRectIntegral(CGRectMake(0, 0, 359, 640));
    CGContextRef bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL,
                                                newRect.size.width,
                                                newRect.size.height,
                                                CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef),
                                                0,
                                                CGImageGetColorSpace(imageRef),
                                                CGImageGetBitmapInfo(imageRef));
    // Rotate and/or flip the image if required by its orientation
    CGContextConcatCTM(bitmap, CGAffineTransformIdentity);
    
    // Set the quality level to use when rescaling
    CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(bitmap, kCGInterpolationDefault);
    
    CGContextSetShouldAntialias(bitmap, true);
    CGContextSetAllowsAntialiasing(bitmap, true);
    //CGContextSetFlatness(bitmap, 0);
    
    // Draw into the context; this scales the image
    //CGContextDrawTiledImage(bitmap, transposedRect, imageRef);
    CGContextDrawImage(bitmap, newRect, imageRef);
    
    // Get the resized image from the context and a UIImage
    CGImageRef newImageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitmap);
    
    return newImageRef;
}

kCGInterpolationDefault 这个地方有几个选择,如果选择Low 可以快很多,质量会差很多,清楚得看到锯齿。注意,这个方法其实没有对exif里的方向作处理。

接下来是显示,一般情况下使用了UIImageView这个控件来显示图片,如果说这个图片不需要有事件的响应的话可以直接用 CALayer,

            CALayer *x = [[CALayer alloc] init];
            x.frame = CGRectMake(x, y, w, h);
            
            /** Layer `contentsGravity' values.
            
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityCenter
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityTop
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityBottom
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityLeft
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityRight
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityTopLeft
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityTopRight
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityBottomLeft
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityBottomRight
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityResize
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityResizeAspect
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            CA_EXTERN NSString * const kCAGravityResizeAspectFill
            CA_AVAILABLE_STARTING (10.5, 2.0, 9.0, 2.0);
            **/

            // 图片的显示模式,这里使用 等比全部显示完
            x.contentsGravity = kCAGravityResizeAspect;            
            x.masksToBounds = YES;// 裁剪多余
            x.contents =(__bridge id _Nullable)(cgImg);//cgImg 最好已经解码好了,速度最快
            [self.view.layer addSublayer:x];

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