Media Data之多媒体数据库（三）MediaStore

MediaStore提供了对数据库管理的对应信息，并且封装了相关的方法方便上层调用。路径如下：
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/provider/ MediaStore.java
(The Media provider contains meta data for all available media on both internal and external storage devices.)

1. 类结构图

这里写图片描述

  下面对这些类进行分析并且总结一下方法和字段。
  首先，是MediaStore类的相关信息，包含在内部存储和外部存储的所有的多媒体文件元数据，提供相应方法和字段。

2. 字段

字段	解析
ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE	标准的intent action，发送给相机应用，拍摄照片并返回
ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE_SECURE	发送给相机应用，拍摄照片并返回，设备被固定
ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE	标准的intent action，发送给相机应用，录制视频并返回
AUTHORITY	"media"
EXTRA_DURATION_LIMIT	指定录像时长的最大值
EXTRA_FINISH_ON_COMPLETION	Intent-extra的名字用来控制MovieView 的onCompletion方法
EXTRA_FULL_SCREEN	Intent-extra的名字用来控制ViewImage的UI
EXTRA_MEDIA_ALBUM	Intent-extra的名字用来定义album
EXTRA_MEDIA_ARTIST	Intent-extra的名字用来定义artist
EXTRA_MEDIA_FOCUS	Intent-extra的名字用来定义search focus.
EXTRA_MEDIA_TITLE	Intent-extra的名字用来定义 song title
EXTRA_OUTPUT	Intent-extra的名字用来表示一个存储图片和视频content resolver 的Uri.
EXTRA_SCREEN_ORIENTATION	Intent-extra的名字用来控制ViewImage或者MovieView.
EXTRA_SHOW_ACTION_ICONS	Intent-extra的名字用来控制ViewImage的UI.
EXTRA_SIZE_LIMIT	指定最大字长.
EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY	Intent-extra的名字用来控制录制视频的质量.
INTENT_ACTION_MEDIA_PLAY_FROM_SEARCH	一个显示搜索音乐并且自动播放的Intent
INTENT_ACTION_MEDIA_SEARCH	Activity Action: 显示搜索音乐.
INTENT_ACTION_MUSIC_PLAYER	This constant was deprecated in API level 15. Use CATEGORY_APP_MUSIC instead.
INTENT_ACTION_STILL_IMAGE_CAMERA	Intent action在图片模式下启动camera.
INTENT_ACTION_STILL_IMAGE_CAMERA_SECURE	Intent action在图片模式下启动camera，设备被锁定
INTENT_ACTION_TEXT_OPEN_FROM_SEARCH	显示搜索可读media文件并且自动播放的intent
INTENT_ACTION_VIDEO_CAMERA	Intent action 在录像模式下启动相机
INTENT_ACTION_VIDEO_PLAY_FROM_SEARCH	An intent to perform a search for video media and automatically play content from the result when possible.
MEDIA_IGNORE_FILENAME	Name of the file signaling the media scanner to ignore media in the containing directory and its subdirectories.
MEDIA_SCANNER_VOLUME	Name of current volume being scanned by the media scanner.
UNKNOWN_STRING	The string that is used when a media attribute is not known.

3. 方法

方法名	解析
getMediaScannerUri()	Uri for querying the state of the media scanner.
getVersion(Context context)	Get the media provider's version.

4. MediaStore内部类

根据上面的类结构图可知，对于MediaStore内部类的属性也非常重要，下面就其内部类相关信息进行总结。

4.1 Media.Audio

Media.Audio是所有音频文件的容器。下面分析的是其内部类、字段和方法。

4.1.1 MediaStore.Audio.AlbumColumns

代表一张专辑的列。

字段	解析
ALBUM	The album on which the audio file appears, if any
ALBUM_ART	Cached album art.
ALBUM_ID	The id for the album
ALBUM_KEY	A non human readable key calculated from the ALBUM, used for searching, sorting and grouping
ARTIST	The artist whose songs appear on this album
FIRST_YEAR	The year in which the earliest songs on this album were released.
LAST_YEAR	The year in which the latest songs on this album were released.
NUMBER_OF_SONGS	The number of songs on this album
NUMBER_OF_SONGS_FOR_ARTIST	This column is available when getting album info via artist, and indicates the number of songs on the album by the given artist.

4.1.2 MediaStore.Audio.Albums

艺术家，继承BaseColumns, AlbumColumns接口

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for entries in this table.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the albums table on the given volume.

4.1.3 MediaStore.Audio.ArtistColumns

代表一个艺术家的列

字段	解析
ARTIST	The artist who created the audio file, if any
ARTIST_KEY	A non human readable key calculated from the ARTIST, used for searching, sorting and grouping
NUMBER_OF_ALBUMS	The number of albums in the database for this artist
NUMBER_OF_TRACKS	The number of albums in the database for this artist

4.1.4 MediaStore.Audio.Artists

艺术家 ，继承BaseColumns, ArtistColumns接口

内部类	解析
MediaStore.Audio.Artists.Albums	对于每个艺术家所包含的所有专辑的子目录

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for entries in this table.
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the artists table on the given volume.

4.1.5 MediaStore.Audio.AudioColumns

在多个表中展示出来的音频文件的列

字段	解析
ALBUM	The album the audio file is from, if any
ALBUM_ID	The id of the album the audio file is from, if any
ALBUM_KEY	A non human readable key calculated from the ALBUM, used for searching, sorting and grouping
ARTIST	The artist who created the audio file, if any
ARTIST_ID	The id of the artist who created the audio file, if any
ARTIST_KEY	A non human readable key calculated from the ARTIST, used for searching, sorting and grouping
BOOKMARK	The position, in ms, playback was at when playback for this file was last stopped.
COMPOSER	The composer of the audio file, if any
DURATION	The duration of the audio file, in ms
IS_ALARM	Non-zero if the audio file may be an alarm
IS_MUSIC	Non-zero if the audio file is music
IS_NOTIFICATION	Non-zero if the audio file may be a notification sound
IS_PODCAST	Non-zero if the audio file is a podcast
IS_RINGTONE	Non-zero if the audio file may be a ringtone
TITLE_KEY	A non human readable key calculated from the TITLE, used for searching, sorting and grouping
TRACK	The track number of this song on the album, if any.
YEAR	The year the audio file was recorded, if any

4.1.6 MediaStore.Audio.Genres

包含音频文件的流派，继承BaseColumns, GenresColumns

内部类	解析
MediaStore.Audio.Genres.Members	对于每种流派所包含的所有成员的子目录

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for entries in this table.
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the audio genres table on the given volume.
getContentUriForAudioId(String volumeName, int audioId)	Get the content:// style URI for querying the genres of an audio file.

4.1.7 MediaStore.Audio.GenresColumns

代表一个音频流派的列

字段	解析
NAME	The name of the genre

4.1.8 MediaStore.Audio.Media

继承自AudioColumns

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for an audio track.
EXTRA_MAX_BYTES	The name of the Intent-extra used to define a maximum file size for a recording made by the SoundRecorder application.
RECORD_SOUND_ACTION	Activity Action: Start SoundRecorder application.
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the audio media table on the given volume.
getContentUriForPath(String path)

4.1.9 MediaStore.Audio.Playlists

包含音频文件的播放列表

内部类	解析
MediaStore.Audio.Playlists.Members	每个播放列表所包含的所有成员的子目录

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for entries in this table.
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the audio playlists table on the given volume.

4.1.10 MediaStore.Audio.PlaylistsColumns

代表播放列表的列

字段	解析
DATA	Path to the playlist file on disk.
DATE_ADDED	The time the file was added to the media provider Units are seconds since 1970.
DATE_MODIFIED	The time the file was last modified Units are seconds since 1970.
NAME	The name of the playlist

4.1.11 MediaStore.Audio.Radio

音频文件中的收音机文件

字段	解析
ENTRY_CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for entries in this table.

4.2 Media.Files

Media provider的表，包含了多媒体存储中所有文件的索引，包括非多媒体文件。这个类可以在单词查询中处理多媒体文件和非多媒体文件。

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the files table on the given volume.
getContentUri(String volumeName, long rowId)	Get the content:// style URI for a single row in the files table on the given volume.

4.2.1 MediaStore.Files.FileColumns

所有多媒体文件的主表字段

字段	解析
MEDIA_TYPE	The media type (audio, video, image or playlist) of the file, or 0 for not a media file
MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO	Constant for the MEDIA_TYPE column indicating that file is an audio file.
MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE	Constant for the MEDIA_TYPE column indicating that file is an image file.
MEDIA_TYPE_NONE	Constant for the MEDIA_TYPE column indicating that file is not an audio, image, video or playlist file.
MEDIA_TYPE_PLAYLIST	Constant for the MEDIA_TYPE column indicating that file is a playlist file.
MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO	Constant for the MEDIA_TYPE column indicating that file is a video file.
MIME_TYPE	The MIME type of the file
PARENT	The index of the parent directory of the file
TITLE	The title of the content

4.3 MediaStore.Images

包含所有可用图片的元数据。下面是对其内部类的整理：

4.3.1 MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns

代表所有图片文件的列

字段	解析
BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME	The bucket display name of the image.
BUCKET_ID	The bucket id of the image.
DATE_TAKEN	The date & time that the image was taken in units of milliseconds since jan 1, 1970.
DESCRIPTION	The description of the image
IS_PRIVATE	Whether the video should be published as public or private
LATITUDE	The latitude where the image was captured.
LONGITUDE	The longitude where the image was captured.
MINI_THUMB_MAGIC	The mini thumb id.
ORIENTATION	The orientation for the image expressed as degrees.
PICASA_ID	The picasa id of the image

4.3.2 MediaStore.Images.Media

提供各种操作方法，继承ImageColumns

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type of of this directory of images.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getBitmap(ContentResolver cr, Uri url)	Retrieves an image for the given url as a Bitmap.
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the image media table on the given volume.
insertImage(ContentResolver cr, String imagePath, String name, String description)	Insert an image and create a thumbnail for it.
insertImage(ContentResolver cr, Bitmap source, String title, String description)	Insert an image and create a thumbnail for it.
query(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, String[] projection)
query(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, String[] projection, String where,String orderBy)
query(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,String[] selectionArgs, String orderBy)

4.3.3 MediaStore.Images.Thumbnails

这个类允许开发者去查询并且得到两种略缩图，MINI_KIND: 512 x 384 thumbnail MICRO_KIND: 96 x 96 thumbnail

字段	解析
DATA	Path to the thumbnail file on disk.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
FULL_SCREEN_KIND
HEIGHT	The height of the thumbnail
IMAGE_ID	The original image for the thumbnal
KIND	The kind of the thumbnail
MICRO_KIND
MINI_KIND
THUMB_DATA	The blob raw data of thumbnail
WIDTH	The width of the thumbnal
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
cancelThumbnailRequest(ContentResolver cr, long origId)	This method cancels the thumbnail request so clients waiting for getThumbnail will be interrupted and return immediately.
cancelThumbnailRequest(ContentResolver cr, long origId, long groupId)	This method cancels the thumbnail request so clients waiting for getThumbnail will be interrupted and return immediately.
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the image media table on the given volume.
getThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, long origId, long groupId, int kind, BitmapFactory.Options options)	This method checks if the thumbnails of the specified image (origId) has been created.
getThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, long origId, int kind, BitmapFactory.Options options)	This method checks if the thumbnails of the specified image (origId) has been created.
query(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, String[] projection)
queryMiniThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, long origId, int kind, String[] projection)
queryMiniThumbnails(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, int kind, String[] projection)

4.4 MediaStore.MediaColumns

大多数MediaProvider表的常见字段。

字段	解析
DATA	Path to the file on disk.
DATE_ADDED	The time the file was added to the media provider Units are seconds since 1970.
DATE_MODIFIED	The time the file was last modified Units are seconds since 1970.
DISPLAY_NAME	The display name of the file
HEIGHT	The height of the image/video in pixels.
MIME_TYPE	The MIME type of the file
SIZE	The size of the file in bytes
TITLE	The title of the content
WIDTH	The width of the image/video in pixels.

4.5 MediaStore.Video

包含视频文件的元数据，并提供相应字段和方法。

方法	解析
query(ContentResolver cr, Uri uri, String[] projection)

4.5.1 MediaStore.Video.Media

提供和获取视频文件的Uri，继承VideoColumns

字段	解析
CONTENT_TYPE	The MIME type for this table.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the video media table on the given volume.

4.5.2 MediaStore.Video.Thumbnails

这个类让开发者去查询并且得到两种略缩图：MINI_KIND: 512 x 384 thumbnail MICRO_KIND: 96 x 96 thumbnail

字段	解析
DATA	Path to the thumbnail file on disk.
DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER	The default sort order for this table
FULL_SCREEN_KIND
HEIGHT	The height of the thumbnail
KIND	The kind of the thumbnail
MICRO_KIND
MINI_KIND
VIDEO_ID	The original image for the thumbnal
WIDTH	The width of the thumbnal
EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the "primary" external storage volume.
INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI	The content:// style URI for the internal storage.

方法	解析
cancelThumbnailRequest(ContentResolver cr, long origId)	This method cancels the thumbnail request so clients waiting for getThumbnail will be interrupted and return immediately.
cancelThumbnailRequest(ContentResolver cr, long origId, long groupId)	This method cancels the thumbnail request so clients waiting for getThumbnail will be interrupted and return immediately.
getContentUri(String volumeName)	Get the content:// style URI for the image media table on the given volume.
getThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, long origId, long groupId, int kind, BitmapFactory.Options options)	This method checks if the thumbnails of the specified image (origId) has been created.
getThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, long origId, int kind, BitmapFactory.Options options)	This method checks if the thumbnails of the specified image (origId) has been created.

4.5.3 MediaStore.Video.VideoColumns

代表所有视频文件的列

字段	解析
ALBUM	The album the video file is from, if any
ARTIST	The artist who created the video file, if any
BOOKMARK	The bookmark for the video.
BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME	The bucket display name of the video.
BUCKET_ID	The bucket id of the video.
CATEGORY	The YouTube category of the video
DATE_TAKEN	The date & time that the video was taken in units of milliseconds since jan 1, 1970.
DESCRIPTION	The description of the video recording
DURATION	The duration of the video file, in ms
IS_PRIVATE	Whether the video should be published as public or private
LANGUAGE	The language of the video
LATITUDE	The latitude where the video was captured.
LONGITUDE	The longitude where the video was captured.
MINI_THUMB_MAGIC	The mini thumb id.
RESOLUTION	The resolution of the video file, formatted as "XxY"
TAGS	The user-added tags associated with a video