【066】贫穷的根源|Poverty isn't a lack of character; it's a lack of cash

Speaker：Rutger Bregman

Key words：贫穷

Abstract：本期TED演讲者Rutger Bregman先生告诉我们：Poverty isn't a lack of character; it's a lack of cash。

Content：

1、Question: Why poor make poor decision?

reason 1: personality ? WRONG
reason 2: IQ reduction because of lack of money

2、

Experiment A: A IQ test conducted in India found farmers losed 14% of IQ before harvest.

Experiment B: In Dauphin, Canada, 1974, everybody in this small town was guaranteed a basic income, ensuring that no one fell below the poverty line. Evelyn Forget, a Canadian professor analyzed the records left and found the experiment had been a resounding success.

the people in Dauphin had not only become richer but also smarter and healthier. The school performance of kids improved substantially. The hospitalization rate decreased by as much as 8.5 percent. Domestic violence incidents were down, as were mental health complaints. And people didn't quit their jobs. The only ones who worked a little less were new mothers and students

3、Conclusion:

• poverty is because of scarcity mentality[稀缺心理]. whether it's not enough time, money or food.
• this scarcity narrows your focus to your immediate lack not future
• poverty annihilates future

Wrong facts : poverty is because of lack of education or personality

4、Suggestion:

• just give the poor money not shoes, clothes
• but how? -- solution: basic income guarantee
• for government: negative income tax : your income is topped up as soon as you fall below the poverty line
• basic income is venture capital in future for poor people

One more time : Poverty isn't a lack of character; it's a lack of cash

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Comments：这期TED和 塞德希尔·穆来纳森和埃尔德·沙菲尔合著的《稀缺》这本书的内容可相互印证：当人们被困于长期性的资源（钱、时间）稀缺中时，人们会只看到眼前的事物，这种短视首先可能为我们带来“专注红利”（短期的富裕或效率），但是从长远来看，这种短视却占用了我们长期规划的带宽能力。
没有格局，终不能成大事。

Link：TED|Open163

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