开头段：提出主题
①At the turn of the last century, ___________(现象) has become a widespread phenomenon as well as a social problem which gives rise to a heated debate. 在世纪之交的时候，XX现象成为了一个普遍现象和社会问题，引起了热烈讨论。【不好的现象】
② The majority of people consider the phenomenon as __________(人们的态度) ③ There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. 备选：There are numerous reasons why ________ , and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.(引出原因)
【请给出下面作文的第一段】
Academic dishonesty in all levels of education has been a hotly debated topic in the previous decade. Students cheat in
examinations and papers; even some famous professors cheat in their academic works. What do you think are the major causes of academic dishonesty? Expressing your views with the title given, What Has Caused Academic Dishonesty?
【经典模板】
开头段：提出主题
①At the turn of the last century, ___________(现象) has become a widespread phenomenon as well as a social problem which
gives rise to a heated debate. 在世纪之交的时候，XX现象成为了一个普遍现象和社会问题，引起了热烈讨论。【不好的现象】
② The majority of people consider the phenomenon as __________(人们的态度) ③ There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. 备选：There are numerous reasons why ________ , and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.(引出原因)
学术造假：
①In recent years, academic dishonesty has become a widespread phenomenon as well as a social problem which gives rise to a heated debate. ② The majority of people consider the phenomenon as a blasphemy of learning. ③There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. blasphemy [‘blæsfəmɪ] n.亵渎
give rise to 引起、导致
主体段：原因角度
①To start with,(原因一)
②Moreover,(原因二)
③Finally,(原因三)
【请给出下面作文的第二段】
Academic dishonesty in all levels of education has been a hotly debated topic in the previous decade. Students cheat in examinations and papers; even some famous professors cheat in their academic works. What do you think are the major causes of academic dishonesty? Expressing your views with the title given, What Has Caused Academic Dishonesty?
学术造假（第二段）：
原因：1.学术造假是为了满足现实要求。
论据：①专家们为舒适生活和评职称造假。②学生为顺利毕业造假。
To start with, academic achievements have become the primary standards for promotion, salary raise or graduation. Driven by the desire of higher title and more comfortable life, many academic professionals have cheated in their research works. Besides, some universities require their students to make qualified academic achievements to graduate, which leads to the cheating too.
promotion
n. 升职、提升
primary adj. 首要的
cheat v. 欺骗
professional n. 专家
besides 此外、另外
qualified adj. 合格的
学术造假（第二段）：
原因：2.惩罚力度不够 。
论据：①学术造假者很少受到处罚。
②未受惩罚的学术造假者会吸引更多人效仿。
In addition, the current penalties for academic dishonesty are still too tolerant. In spite of the serious consequences from the dishonesty, cheating in academic circle is seldom punished. Many people participate in academic cheating for better living conditions and social status yet few of them are punished. And these successful examples will be followed by more people and the consequences will be severe.
penalty n. 惩罚、刑罚
tolerant adj. 宽容的
in spite of 尽管
consequence n. 结果
seldom adv.很少、几乎不
status n. 地位
severe adj. 严重的
学术造假（第二段）：
原因：３.缺少监管会导致学术造假。
论据：①现在的检验系统只能抓住那些拙劣的抄袭者。
②需要发明一个更加复杂有效的系统。
Last but not least, the lack of supervision is an important factor for the academic dishonesty. The checking system may catch bad copiers but for those smarter ones, the system performs no function at all. To cope with those skillful cheating, a more complicated and effective system should be invented.
supervision n.监督、监察
factor n. 因素
perform v. 表演、表现
function n. 功能
cope with 应对、处理
complicated adj.复杂的
结尾段：重申主题／对策措施
Confronted with such an issue, we should find several solutions to it / need to take some positive measures. ① For one thing, we should_______措施１
For another, _______措施２
Only by taking these effective measures can we ________. 总结
② The first and most important thing to reduce the severity of the problem is to _____ 措施１
Besides,_________措施２
Finally，________措施３
学术造假（第三段）：
措施１：鼓励学生和学者的创造性。
措施２：加强惩罚措施。
措施３：强调学术造假的危害。
The first and most important thing to reduce the severity of the problem is to encourage the personal creativity, which is the root cause for academic dishonesty. Besides, some punishment by the school and the institution may be necessary. Finally, to highlight the harmful effects of the academic dishonesty can serve as a warning for the cheaters and to some extent, prevent them from doing it again.
severity [sə'vɛrəti]
n. 严酷、严重性、严厉
root cause 根本原因
institution [,ɪnstɪ'tuʃən]
n. 机构、大学
highlight v. 突出强调
serve as
担任...，充当...，起...作用
to some extent 在某种程度上
prevent v. 阻止
prevent sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事