1、query string search
2、query DSL
3、query filter
4、full-text search
5、phrase search
6、highlight search
1、query string search
格式：
GET /index/type/_search
例如搜索全部商品：：
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
返回结果：
{
"took": 42,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshi yagao",
"desc": "youxiao fangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshi producer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujie yagao",
"desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujie producer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghua yagao",
"desc": "caoben zhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghua producer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
}
]
}
}
解释说明：
took：耗费了几毫秒
timed_out：是否超时，这里是false，代表没超时
_shards：数据拆成了几个分片，这里是5个，所以对于搜索请求，会打到所有的primary shard（或者是他的某个replica shard也可以）
hits.total：查询结果的数量，3个document
hits.max_score：score的含义，就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数，越相关，就越匹配，分数越高。
hits.hits：包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据
query string search的由来：
因为search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的。
需求：搜索商品名称中包含yagao的商品，而且按照售价降序排序：
GET /ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc
2、query DSL
（1）DSL：Domain Specified Language，特定领域的语言
http request body：请求体，可以用json格式来构建查询的语法，比较方便，可以构建各种复杂的语法，比query string search强大很多。
（2）案例
查询所有的商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}}
}
查询名称包含yagao的商品，同时按照价格降序排序
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}
},
"sort": [
{
"price": "desc"
}
]
}
分页查询商品，假设每页就显示2条数据，现在显示第2~3条
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"from": 1,
"size": 2
}
指定查询字段，比如只查询name和price
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": ["name", "price"]
}
3、query filter
需求：搜索名称包含yagao，而且售价大于25的商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"price": {
"gt": 25
}
}
}
}
}
}
4、full-text search（全文检索）
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}
}
}
**
看着和query DSL没区别
重点在于producer这个字段，现在有四个商品，这个字段对应的值分别是：
gaolujie producer
jiajieshi producer
zhonghua producer
special yagao producer
而我搜的是"yagao producer"
注意中间的空格，这时候他会给我拆分成两个词yagao和producer
而4个商品中producer这个字段对应的值，会先被拆解，建立倒排索引，拆解成如下
special 4
yagao 4
producer 1,2,3,4
gaolujie 1
zhognhua 3
jiajieshi 2
yagao producer ---> yagao和producer
yagao匹配了id为4的记录，producer匹配了id为1，2，3，4的记录，两个词都被匹配到了，所以id为4的记录的score分数最大
**
结果如下：
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.70293105,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.70293105,
"_source": {
"name": "special yagao",
"desc": "special meibai",
"price": 50,
"producer": "special yagao producer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujie yagao",
"desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujie producer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghua yagao",
"desc": "caoben zhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghua producer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.1805489,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshi yagao",
"desc": "youxiao fangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshi producer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
}
]
}
}
5、phrase search（短语搜索）
跟全文检索相对应，相反，全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来，去倒排索引里面去一一匹配，只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词，就可以作为结果返回
phrase search，要求输入的搜索串，必须在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一样的，才可以算匹配，才能作为结果返回
案例：
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}
}
}
6、highlight search（高亮搜索结果）
案例：
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"producer": "producer"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"producer": {}
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 28,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.25811607,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujie yagao",
"desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujie producer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"gaolujie producer"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghua yagao",
"desc": "caoben zhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghua producer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"zhonghua producer"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.1805489,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshi yagao",
"desc": "youxiao fangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshi producer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"jiajieshi producer"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.14638957,
"_source": {
"name": "special yagao",
"desc": "special meibai",
"price": 50,
"producer": "special yagao producer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"special yagao producer"
]
}
}
]
}
}
若有兴趣，欢迎来加入群，【Java初学者学习交流群】：458430385，此群有Java开发人员、UI设计人员和前端工程师。有问必答，共同探讨学习，一起进步！
欢迎关注我的微信公众号【Java码农社区】，会定时推送各种干货：
