本次应用使用 NodeMcu 连接讯飞的 XFS5152CE 语音合成芯片(开发板)并且连接一个小型功放作为 MQTT TTS 设备。除了 使用这种 TTS ,对于 HomeAssistant 来说,还有许多的 TTS 服务,如百度TTS、谷歌 TTS、微软 TTS ,之所以做这么一款设备,是因为这样可以实现一个纯局域网环境下的智能家居设备,当然也许还有其他好处,此处不表。
代码中使用的 GPIO 可通过下图进行进行查询。在此再次提醒诸位使用 Arduino IDE 为 NodeMcu 编程,NodeMcu 的引脚号与 GPIO 标号不一致。不要再出现明明程序是对的,引脚输出缺不正确这种情况了。
使用硬件:
- MicroUSB 母头(作为供电接口)
- NodeMcu(MQTT 订阅者,并且进行编码转换,将转换后的字符串以指定格式发送给 TTS 芯片)
- 科大讯飞 XFS5152CE 语音合成芯片(开发板)
- 小型功放板(注意输入电压,如果电压不是5.0V 则需要电源模块(升压模块))
- 4Ω 3W 喇叭两个(功放板要能推得动)
- 3.5 mm 音频接头公头一个
- 运行 HomeAssistant 服务设备
- 运行 MQTT 服务设备(也可将此服务与 HomeAssistant 安装在同一设备上,或者使用其他公司提供的 MQTT 服务器)
MQTT 设备接线图
以下为 NodeMcu 代码:
#include
#include
#include
#define MQTT_VERSION MQTT_VERSION_3_1_1
#define iFlyTek_ResetPin 12
#define iFlyTek_RDYPin 14
#define WIFI_RX 5
#define WIFI_TX 4
// Wifi: SSID 和 密码
const char* WIFI_SSID = "YourWifiSSID"; //改成你的 WiFi 名称
const char* WIFI_PASSWORD = "YourWifiPassword"; //改成你的 WiFi 密码
// MQTT: ID, 服务端 IP, 端口号, 用户名 和 密码
const PROGMEM char* MQTT_CLIENT_ID = "ESP1";
const PROGMEM char* MQTT_SERVER_IP = "192.168.31.202"; //改成你的 MQTT 服务 IP 地址
const PROGMEM uint16_t MQTT_SERVER_PORT = 1883; //改成你的 MQTT 服务端口号
const PROGMEM char* MQTT_USER = "YourMQTTUserName"; //改成你的 MQTT 服务用户名
const PROGMEM char* MQTT_PASSWORD = "YourMQTTUserPassword"; //改成你的 MQTT 服务密码
// MQTT: 主题
const char* MQTT_iFlyTek_TOPIC = "mqtt/ESP1/iFlyTek";
WiFiClient wifiClient;
PubSubClient client(wifiClient);
SoftwareSerial MySerial(WIFI_RX, WIFI_TX);
//芯片复位
void reset_iFlyTek()
{
digitalWrite(iFlyTek_ResetPin, LOW);
delay(50);
digitalWrite(iFlyTek_ResetPin, HIGH);
}
bool get_iFlyTek_Ready()
{
bool isReady = digitalRead(iFlyTek_RDYPin);
isReady = !isReady;
return isReady;
}
//用来获取该字符在 UTF8 格式中占用的内存大小
int get_utf8_size(const char pInput)
{
char c = pInput;
if (c < 0x80) return 1;
if (c >= 0x80 && c < 0xC0) return 0;
if (c >= 0xC0 && c < 0xE0) return 2;
if (c >= 0xE0 && c < 0xF0) return 3;
return -1;
}
//获取整个字符数组以 UNICODE 编码时占用的大小
unsigned int get_output_size(char* ch, int size)
{
unsigned int outSize = 0;
char* input = ch;
int inputPos = 0;
while (inputPos < size)
{
int utf8Size = get_utf8_size(*input);
if (utf8Size > 0)
{
outSize = outSize + 2;
input = input + utf8Size;
inputPos = inputPos + utf8Size;
}
else
{
outSize = 0;
break;
}
}
return outSize;
}
//以小端形式编码
//将单个 UTF8 编码的字符转换成以 UNICODE 编码
int utf8_to_unicode(const char* pInput, char *Unic)
{
// b1 表示UTF-8编码的pInput中的高字节, b2 表示次高字节, ...
char b1, b2, b3;
*Unic = 0x0; // 把 *Unic 初始化为全零
int utfbytes = get_utf8_size(*pInput);
char *pOutput = Unic;
switch ( utfbytes )
{
case 1:
*pOutput = *pInput;
*(pOutput + 1) = 0x00;
utfbytes = 1;
break;
case 2:
b1 = *pInput;
b2 = *(pInput + 1);
if ( (b2 & 0xE0) != 0x80 )
return 0;
*pOutput = (b1 << 6) + (b2 & 0x3F);
*(pOutput + 1) = (b1 >> 2) & 0x07;
break;
case 3:
b1 = *pInput;
b2 = *(pInput + 1);
b3 = *(pInput + 2);
if ( ((b2 & 0xC0) != 0x80) || ((b3 & 0xC0) != 0x80) )
return 0;
*pOutput = (b2 << 6) + (b3 & 0x3F);
*(pOutput + 1) = (b1 << 4) + ((b2 >> 2) & 0x0F);
break;
default:
return 0;
break;
}
return utfbytes;
}
void sendString(String string)
{
int size = string.length();
//Serial.println(string);
//Serial.print("string.length();: ");
//Serial.println(size);
size = size + 1;
char buffer[size];
string.toCharArray(buffer, size);
char* input = buffer;
size = size - 1;
unsigned int outSize = get_output_size(buffer, size);
//Serial.print("outSize: ");
//Serial.println(outSize);
if (outSize > 0)
{
char outCh[outSize];
char* output = outCh;
int inputPos = 0;
while (inputPos < size)
{
int uft8Size = get_utf8_size(*input);
if (uft8Size > 0)
{
utf8_to_unicode(input, output);
output = output + 2;
input = input + uft8Size;
inputPos = inputPos + uft8Size;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
unsigned char frameHeader = 0xFD;
unsigned char temp = 0x00;
unsigned int frameLength = outSize + 2;
unsigned char dataHeader[2] = {0x01, 0x03};
MySerial.write(frameHeader);
//Serial.print(frameHeader, HEX);
if (frameLength < 255)
{
MySerial.write(temp);
//Serial.print(temp, HEX);
}
MySerial.write(frameLength);
//Serial.print(frameLength, HEX);
MySerial.write(dataHeader[0]);
//Serial.print(dataHeader[0], HEX);
MySerial.write(dataHeader[1]);
//Serial.print(dataHeader[1], HEX);
//Serial.print(" ");
for (int index = 0; index < outSize ; ++index)
{
MySerial.write(outCh[index]);
//Serial.print(outCh[index], HEX);
//Serial.print(" ");
}
// Serial.println(" ");
}
}
// 接收来自 MQTT 的消息
void callback(char* p_topic, byte* p_payload, unsigned int p_length) {
// concat the payload into a string
// Serial.println("call back has called");
String payload;
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < p_length; i++) {
payload.concat((char)p_payload[i]);
}
// handle message topic
if (String(MQTT_iFlyTek_TOPIC).equals(p_topic)) {
// Serial.println("MQTT receive Data: ");
// Serial.println(payload);
sendString (payload);
}
}
void reconnect() {
// Loop until we're reconnected
while (!client.connected()) {
// Serial.print("INFO: Attempting MQTT connection...");
// Attempt to connect
if (client.connect(MQTT_CLIENT_ID, MQTT_USER, MQTT_PASSWORD)) {
// Serial.println("INFO: connected");
delay(1);
// Once connected, publish an announcement...
} else {
// Serial.print("ERROR: failed, rc=");
// Serial.print(client.state());
// Serial.println("DEBUG: try again in 5 seconds");
// Wait 5 seconds before retrying
delay(5000);
}
}
}
void setup() {
// init the serial
Serial.begin(9600);
MySerial.begin(9600);
pinMode(iFlyTek_ResetPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(iFlyTek_RDYPin, INPUT);
// init the WiFi connection
// Serial.println();
// Serial.println();
// Serial.print("INFO: Connecting to ");
WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
// Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(1000);
// Serial.print("- - - | ");
}
// Serial.println("");
//Serial.println("INFO: WiFi connected");
// Serial.print("INFO: IP address: ");
// Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
// init the MQTT connection
client.setServer(MQTT_SERVER_IP, MQTT_SERVER_PORT);
client.setCallback(callback);
reset_iFlyTek();
}
void loop() {
if (!client.connected()) {
reconnect();
/*boolean subOK = */ client.subscribe(MQTT_iFlyTek_TOPIC);
//Serial.print("MQTT: sub status: ");
//Serial.println(subOK);
}
client.loop();
}
HomeAssistant 配置:
input_text:
iflytek:
name: iFlyTek
min: 0
max: 5000
mqtt:
#改成你的 MQTT 服务端口号
broker: 192.168.31.202
#改成你的 MQTT 服务端口号
port: 1883
#改成你的 MQTT 服务用户名
username: YourMQTTUserName
#改成你的 MQTT 服务密码
password: YourMQTTUserPassword
automation: !include automations.yaml
automations.yaml 文件:
- id: iFlyTek
alias: iFlyTekTTS
trigger:
platform: state
entity_id: input_text.iflytek
action:
service: mqtt.publish
data_template:
topic: "mqtt/ESP1/iFlyTek"
payload: "{{states.input_text.iflytek.state}}"
后续我会将 Arduino 代码封装成库,方便直接调用。这个坑留着以后填。