删繁就简的技巧
1、用介词（短语）替代从句。 when 引导的从句可以用during来替代，在方位及指路中可以用at 替代。
1) While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
1# During tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
2) When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.
2# At the second traffic light, turn right.
2、用过去分词形式替代从句
1) The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that is set in the Middle Ages.
1# Written in three parts, the novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
1# The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
3、用前置修饰语替代who/that 从句，意思是能用一个形容词搞定的就不要用从句了。
1) A neighbour who would like to help others will get certain help in return.
1# A helpful neighbour often receives help from others in return.
2) The couple that has just married plans to visit Chengdu in southwestern China.
2# The newly-wed couple plans to visit Chengdu in southwestern China.
3) I want to thank people who are associated either in the past or at the present with the Shanghai International Studies University, such as Margaret Wang, Vivian Yang, Professor Li Guan-Yi and Miss Marion Baillie.
3# I want to thank people associated with the Shanghai InternationalstudiesUniversity, past and present: Margaret Wang, Vivian Yang, Professor Li Guan-Yi and Miss Marion Baillie.
4、删除意义重复的单词或短语
1) Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call.
1# Two partners will present their views over a long-distance call.
2) We sometimes make choices that put our lives in jeopardy where death can occur.
2# We sometimes make choices that put our lives in jeopardy.
3) He gets so angry that he would like to take someone else's life and murder them.
3# Sometimes he becomes angry enough to contemplate murder.
4) Liu Bin is employed at a TV station working as a news reporter.
4# 1) Liu Bin works at TV station as a news reporter.
4# 2) Liu Bin is a news reporter at a TV station.
4# 3) Liu Bin is a TV news reporter.
5) Sun Hong is determined in her mind to lose weight.
5# Sun Hong is determined to lose weight.
6) My car is a foreign import, not home-made.
6# My car is an import, not home-made.
7) This book will help you master the basic elements of good writing.
## basic 与 elements 重复，保留一个即可。
7# This book will help you master the basics of good writing.
8) Dr.Sun Yat-sen wants to Japan by means of a big boat.
8# Dr Sun Yat-sen want to Japan by boat.
9) He has no sense of principles, whether he is in public or in private.
###Me: he cannot realise whether he is in public or in private. 简化。另外：whether in white or in black= black or white; whether in theory or in practice= in theory, or in practice.
9# He has no principles, public or private.
5、词性的转换
1) It makes me feel painful to think that she has to work 12 hours a day and seven days a week.
## make sb feel painful 可直接用动词。it+e及物动词+sb. it makes me sad= it saddens me, it makes me cheerful= it cheers me.
1# It pains me to think that she has to work 12 hours a day and seven days a week.
2) It will be our aim to ensure proper health care for each and every one of the Chinese people.
## Our aim 可以直接做主语，It is our position= our position is; it is my proposal that=my proposal is that/ I propose that.
2# Our aim is to ensure proper health care for all Chinese people.
3) The search of the forest that they conducted was entirely complete.
## the search 与conduct 重复。
3# The search of the forest was complete. 2) They conducted a complete search of the forest.
4) The task that they performed was completely finished.
4# the task was complete.或 they finished the task. 看看强调的是哪一方即可。
5) In a cautious manner the car went around the corner.
副词取代介宾短语。
5# The car went around the corner cautiously.
5# 2) The car negotiated the corner. negotiate="顺利通过"。
6、学会使用含否定意义的词， 如 lack\ rarely\ barely\ without.
1) College students who do not have sufficient financial backing can apply for the need-based scholarship.
1# College students who lack sufficient financial backing can apply for the need-based scholarship.
2) The side effects were not often experienced by patients.
2# The patients rarely experience side effects.
3) Susan almost finished talking on the phone, but did not, when her baby woke up.
3# Susan had barely finished talking on the phone when her baby woke up.