Linux系统下安装配置 OpenLDAP + phpLDAPadmin

实验环境:

操作系统:Centos 7.4

服务器ip:192.168.3.41

运行用户:root

网络环境:Internet

 

LDAP(轻量级目录访问协议)是一个能实现提供被称为目录服务的信息服务,也是一套用户认证体系系统;一般在大型企业、学校、政府单位使用的比较多,LDAP是由4部分组成,这4部分分别是slapd(独立LDAP守护进程)、slurpd(独立的LDAP更新复制守护进程)、LDAP协议库、工具软件和示例客户端(phpLDAPadmin),目录服务是一种特殊的数据库系统,用来存储用户信息的数据库,读写速度非常快,扩展性非常强,可以实现与地方系统直接对接整合起来统一管理用户信息。

 

LDAP说起来也不简单,但是ALDP在Linux应用范围是比较广泛的,如果想要深入的了解LDAP,建议去看下刘遄老师《Linux就该这么学》这本教程,里面解释的非常详细,也可以在百度输入此书名去官网看,想要在Linux部署还是推荐这本书去系统的学习,对初学者还是很有版本的,这篇文章搭建ldap+phpldapadmin也是在Linux环境下运行的,所以还是需要Linux基础才能看懂下面的配置步骤。

 

1、安装OpenLDAP

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install openldap-servers openldap-clients -y

 

[root@centos7 ~]# cp /usr/share/openldap-servers/DB_CONFIG.example /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

[root@centos7 ~]# ll /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 845 Aug  1 10:04 /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG

[root@centos7 ~]# chown ldap. /var/lib/ldap/DB_CONFIG        //授权配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]# more /etc/passwd|grep ldap

ldap:x:55:55:OpenLDAP server:/var/lib/ldap:/sbin/nologin

 

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start slapd.service         //启动slapd服务

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable slapd.service        //设置开机自动启动slapd服务

 

2、设置OpenLDAP管理员密码

[root@centos7 ~]# slappasswd

New password:   //password

Re-enter new password:

{SSHA}d5pkA0TU6b+8/kEoMIxJ59QofCLV

 

为“olcRootPW”指定上面生成的密码

[root@centos7 ~]# vim chrootpw.ldif

dn: olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config

changetype: modify

add: olcRootPW

olcRootPW: {SSHA}d5pkA0TU6b+8/kEokgQeMIxJ59QofCLV

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chrootpw.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

modifying entry "olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config"

 

3、导入基本模式

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

adding new entry "cn=cosine,cn=schema,cn=config"

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/nis.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

adding new entry "cn=nis,cn=schema,cn=config"

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

adding new entry "cn=inetorgperson,cn=schema,cn=config"

 

 

4、在LDAP DB上设置域名,生成目录管理器密码

[root@centos7 ~]# slappasswd

New password:

Re-enter new password:

{SSHA}Oq61fgUFW9+ItZboTaW1+VbLuAYst7zw

 

注意:下面配置文件这里得注意每一个属性: 后必须有空格,但是值的后面不能有任何空格

 

[root@centos7 ~]# vim chdomain.ldif

# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section

# specify the password generated above for "olcRootPW" section

dn: olcDatabase={1}monitor,cn=config

changetype: modify

replace: olcAccess

olcAccess: {0}to * by dn.base="gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth"

  read by dn.base="cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world" read by * none

 

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config

changetype: modify

replace: olcSuffix

olcSuffix: dc=srv,dc=world

 

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config

changetype: modify

replace: olcRootDN

olcRootDN: cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world

 

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config

changetype: modify

add: olcRootPW

olcRootPW: {SSHA}Oq61fgUFW9+ItZboTaW1+VbLuAYst7zw

 

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config

changetype: modify

add: olcAccess

olcAccess: {0}to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by

  dn="cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none

olcAccess: {1}to dn.base="" by * read

olcAccess: {2}to * by dn="cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world" write by * read

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chdomain.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

modifying entry "olcDatabase={1}monitor,cn=config"

modifying entry "olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config"

modifying entry "olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config"

modifying entry "olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config"

modifying entry "olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config"

 

[root@centos7 ~]# vim basedomain.ldif

# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section

dn: dc=srv,dc=world

objectClass: top

objectClass: dcObject

objectclass: organization

o: Server World

dc: Srv

 

dn: cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world

objectClass: organizationalRole

cn: Manager

description: Directory Manager

 

dn: ou=People,dc=srv,dc=world

objectClass: organizationalUnit

ou: People

 

dn: ou=Group,dc=srv,dc=world

objectClass: organizationalUnit

ou: Group

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -x -D "cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world" -W -f basedomain.ldif

Enter LDAP Password:    //输入上面设置的目录管理器密码 password

adding new entry "dc=srv,dc=world"

adding new entry "cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world"

adding new entry "ou=People,dc=srv,dc=world"

adding new entry "ou=Group,dc=srv,dc=world"

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapsearch -x -b "cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world"

# extended LDIF

#

# LDAPv3

# base with scope subtree

# filter: (objectclass=*)

# requesting: ALL

#

 

# Manager, srv.world

dn: cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world

objectClass: organizationalRole

cn: Manager

description: Directory Manager

 

# search result

search: 2

result: 0 Success

 

# numResponses: 2

# numEntries: 1

 

5、设置Firewalld,如果未启用防火墙关闭,忽略

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ldap --permanent

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

 

6、安装并配置Apache

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install httpd-devel.x86_64 httpd.x86_64 -y

[root@centos7 ~]# mv /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf.bak

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

 

# line 86: change to admin's email address

ServerAdmin [email protected]

 

 

# line 95: change to your server's name

ServerName www.srv.world:80

 

 

# line 151: change

AllowOverride All

 

 

# line 164: add file name that it can access only with directory's name

DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.php

 

 

# add follows to the end  //在尾部新增

# server's response header

ServerTokens Prod

# keepalive is ON

KeepAlive On

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent    //防火墙排除httpd服务,如果没有启用防火墙,此步骤可以忽略。

success

[root@centos7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload        //重新加载firewall

success

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html     //测试apache服务

Test Page

测试:http://192.168.3.41/index.html

 

7、安装PHP

[root@centos7 ~]# yum -y install php php-mbstring php-pear

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini

#修改时区  878行

 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php

   print Date("Y/m/d");

?>

 

php打印日期

 

测试:http://192.168.3.41/index.php

 

可以不安装phpLDAPadmin工具,直接下载Windows系统下的LdapAdmin应用程序

 

8、安装phpLDAPadmin

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install phpldapadmin.noarch -y

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/phpldapadmin/config.php

397  $servers->setValue('login','attr','dn');  #取消397行注释

398 //$servers->setValue('login','attr','uid');  #注释398

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpldapadmin.conf

#

#  Web-based tool for managing LDAP servers

#

Alias /phpldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs

Alias /ldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs

 

 

    # Apache 2.4

     #只允许本地请求访问

     # Require local

     #允许所有的请求访问

      Require all granted

      #允许IP段访问

      #Require ip 10.0.0.0/24          

 

 

    # Apache 2.2

    Order Deny,Allow

    Deny from all

    Allow from 127.0.0.1

    Allow from ::1

 

 

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status httpd.service

 

 

测试:http://192.168.3.41/ldapadmin/

 

如果是按照上面配置执行的操作,登录一直提示失败,需要执行

[root@centos7 ~]# setsebool -P httpd_can_connect_ldap on

 

cn=Manager,dc=srv,dc=world

 

 

 

9、基本操作和使用

9.1、添加组

 

 

9.2、添加用户

 

9.3、phpldapadmin的网站的apache配置文件

# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpldapadmin.conf

#

#  Web-based tool for managing LDAP servers

#

Alias /phpldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs

Alias /ldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs

 

#注意:/usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs  是phpldapadmin根目录

 

 

    # Apache 2.4

     #只允许本地请求访问

     # Require local

     #允许所有的请求访问

     Require all granted

      #允许IP段访问

      #Require ip 192.168.3.0/24        

 

 

    # Apache 2.2

    Order Deny,Allow

    Deny from all

    Allow from 127.0.0.1

    Allow from ::1

 

这里可以直接访问phpldapadmin后台,最好是通过apache做密码验证才能登录,这样比较安全。

参考文献:httpd配置认证才能访问网站(原创实践操作).note

 

10、禁止匿名用户登录

# vim /root/ldap_disable_bind_anon.ldif

angetype: modify

add: olcDisallows

olcDisallows: bind_anon

 

dn: cn=config

changetype: modify

add: olcRequires

olcRequires: authc

 

dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config

changetype: modify

add: olcRequires

olcRequires: authc

 

[root@centos7 ~]# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f ldap_disable_bind_anon.ldif

SASL/EXTERNAL authentication started

SASL username: gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth

SASL SSF: 0

modifying entry "cn=config"

modifying entry "olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config"

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart slapd.service

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/elsa-66/p/10873490.html

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