Ubuntu16.04交叉编译OpenCV并移植

软硬件环境

宿主机:Ubuntu 16.04 64bit

开发板:tq2440

OpenCV: 2.4.3

其他:

arm-linux-g++ 4.4.3 / arm-linux-gcc 4.4.3

CMake 2.8.10.2

CMake-gui 3.5.1

所需包下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jHMSRlG

Cmake的安装

OpenCV 2.2以后版本需要使用Cmake生成makefile文件,因此需要先安装cmake。

解压cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz

切换到解压后目录执行

$./configure

$make -j4

$sudo make install

$cmake --version 

$sudo apt-get install cmake-qt-gui

$cmake-gui --version

cmake 和 cmake-gui都能正常显示版本信息后,说明安装成功。

OpenCV 的交叉编译

解压OpenCV压缩文件,得到文件夹。

$cmake-gui 打开cmake的gui界面,开始进行配置,配置过程如下图所示:

1、选定解压后的源文件和将要编译的文件目录,这个自己之前先建好。

2、点击Configure 选择工程类型,选择交叉编译,点击下一步。

image

3、在下图的界面中选择交叉编译工具链以及库文件相关信息,按照图中的进行填写,其中红框部分为交叉编译工具链的实际路径,根据宿主机实际安装路径填写。

image

4、点击Finsh完成初步配置。

我的实际路径如下:

Ubuntu16.04交叉编译OpenCV并移植_第1张图片

5、此时主界面如下图所示,这时Cmake会读取程序的一些配置信息,可以再下图红框中对每一个编译选项进行修改,这里去掉WITH_TIFF支持并修改安装路径CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX,其他配置可以根据需求选择。

image

通过终端进入OpenCV-ARM目录,make编译,编译过程中出错如下:

复制代码
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_perf_core
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFmemcpy'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_spin_init'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_spin_unlock'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFmemset'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFwarningHandler'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFmemcmp'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFfree'
../../lib/libopencv_ts.so: undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_spin_lock'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFmalloc'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `TIFFOpen'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_spin_destroy'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFrealloc'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `clock_gettime'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_spin_trylock'
../../lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `_TIFFerrorHandler'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so: undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [bin/opencv_perf_core] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_core.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [all] 错误 2
复制代码

关于TIFF的报错,是因为一开始我勾选了TIFF的支持,而这个支持是需要宿主机中安装相应的程序的,所以报错,可以打开cmake 去掉勾选。 其他报错经过查找找到以下解释:

编译时发现如下错误: 
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_createsamples 
../../lib/libcxcore.so: undefined reference to `clock_gettime' 
../../lib/libcxcore.so: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create' 
../../lib/libcxcore.so: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific' 
../../lib/libcxcore.so: undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'

原因是cmake不认识我定义的arm-linux系统标记,没有加上库pthread和rt的链接选项

此时需要修改CMakeCache.txt,CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS原来为空,加上-lpthread -lrt

按照此方法更改对应文件,如下图所示:

image

此处在CMakeCache.txt 的173行,添加-lpthread -lrt,然后继续编译。编译过程十来分钟左右,编译成功


运行make install进行安装,在我的安装目录中就会多出以下几个文件夹:

 Ubuntu16.04交叉编译OpenCV并移植_第2张图片

lib文件夹即生成的库文件,拷贝到开发板“对应目录”即可。

这里对应目录是指跟当前环境下一样的绝对路径,当然也需要在/lib下也拷贝一份,这样就不怕程序找不到运行库了。

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Qt+opencv小程序测试

新建带界面的工程,并在窗体上添加一个lable控件,名为label

mainwindow.cpp代码如下:

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include 
#include 

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    IplImage *frame = 0;
    frame = cvLoadImage("pic.jpg",-1);    //pic.jpg在所建工程的目录下
    QImage image((const uchar*)frame->imageData,
                 frame->width,
                 frame->height,
                 QImage::Format_RGB888);
    image = image.rgbSwapped();
    image = image.scaled(320,240);
    ui->label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

.pro文件修改如下:

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2016-09-17T17:11:24
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = opencvtest2
TEMPLATE = app


SOURCES += main.cpp\
        mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS  += mainwindow.h

FORMS    += mainwindow.ui

#INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include/opencv
#LIBS += -lopencv_core \
#-lopencv_imgproc \
#-lopencv_highgui \
#-lopencv_ml \
#-lopencv_video \
#-lopencv_features2d \
#-lopencv_calib3d \
#-lopencv_objdetect \
#-lopencv_contrib \
#-lopencv_legacy \
#-lopencv_flann

INCLUDEPATH +=  /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/include \
                /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/include/opencv \
                /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/include/opencv2

LIBS += /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_highgui.so \
        /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_core.so    \
        /home/lhc/OpenCV/output/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so

LIBS += -lpthread -lrt

其他文件默认不必修改。

切换到工程目录下打开终端,执行

$qmake-arm

qmake-arm是自己搭建的qt交叉编译环境下的命令,根据自己环境修改

$make

根目录下要有一张pic.jpg的图片,否则无法正常运行

按要求移动到开发板上执行。


如果要在x86设备上运行,须将opencv安装到默认路径(/usr/local)下,将例程.pro文件中注释部分取消注释,注释下边部分注释起来,用x86的qmake生成makefile,再make执行即可。


文章参考:

【Linux开发】OpenCV在ARM上的移植

opencv在arm和x86上的移植

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