树莓派3B安装OpenCV3.4.1笔记

一、更换apt源

  •     修改/etc/apt/sources.list

debhttp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ jessie main contrib non-free rpi

  •     修改/etc/apt/sources.d/raspi.list。

debhttp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ jessie main ui

  •     sudo apt-get update
  •     sudo apt-get upgrade

 

注意:

1.  使用lsb_release –a指令查看当前的树莓派版本(Jessie/stretch)后,修改上述源中的关键字

2.  如果系统中已安装了Opencv2.4.9的版本,最好是先卸载掉。sudo apt-get removelibopencv-contrib-dev会联同libopencv-dev一起卸载。接着使用sudo apt-get automove

二、操作步骤(底纹为实测操作)

Ø  #!/bin/bash

PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin

export PATH

Ø  安装基本的依赖项:

sudo apt-get install -y build-essentialcmake pkg-config

Ø  安装和图像相关的库:

sudo apt-get install -y libjpeg-devlibtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev

Ø  安装视频IO包:

sudo apt-get install -y libavcodec-devlibavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libgstreamer0.10-0-dbg libgstreamer0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-dev libv4l-0 libv4l-dev libavcodec-devlibavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev

Ø  安装highgui相关的依赖库:

sudo apt-get install -y libgtk2.0-dev

Ø  安装opencv进阶依赖库,操作矩阵等:

sudo apt-get install -y libatlas-base-devgfortran

Ø  其它一些库

sudo apt-get install -y python-numpy python-scipypython-matplotlib ant libgtkglext1-dev v4l-utils

 

Ø  以下为沙盒环境,可选择安装

Ø  下载pip

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py  

Ø  安装pip工具

sudo python get-pip.py

Ø  安装virtualenv沙盒工具

sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper

sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/pip

Ø  将沙盒环境变量写入~/.profile

echo -e "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python2.7 \n exportWORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs \n source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh \nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> ~/.profile

Ø  更新状态

source ~/.profile

Ø  创建沙盒环境

mkvirtualenv p2cv

workon p2cv

Ø  这时可以看到已经进入沙盒环境(p2cv)pi@raspberrypi

Ø  如果想离开沙盒环境,执行deactivate

Ø  沙盒环境安装结束

Ø  安装numpy,比较漫长,若报没有权限的错误,执行sudo rm -rf~/.cache/pip/

pip install numpy

Ø  正式开始准备opencv和opencv_contrib

Ø  下载OpenCV 3.3.1和OpenCV_contrib库:

Ø  下载OpenCV 3.3.1

wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/3.3.1.zip

Ø  解压OpenCV 3.3.1

unzip opencv.zip

Ø  下载OpenCV_contrib库:

wget -O opencv_contrib.ziphttps://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/3.3.1.zip

Ø  解压OpenCV_contrib库:

unzip opencv_contrib.zip

 

Ø  编译和安装OpenCV 3.3.1

Ø  进入opencv3.3.1目录:

cd opencv-3.3.1/

Ø  新建build文件夹:

mkdir build

Ø  进入build文件夹:

cd build

Ø  配置cmake(这一步直接粘贴所有行到你的terminal即可):

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE\

   -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \

   -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \

   -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib-3.3.1/modules \

-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON..

Ø  由于本人实际没有安装OpenCV_contrib组件,执行如下指令代替上一条

sudo cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \

    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

Ø  编译:(由于使用make j4容易报错,故换成make)

sudo make

Ø  安装:

sudo make install

Ø  把OpenCV生成的动态链接库加入树莓派目录:

sudo ldconfig

 

# 安装python插件

# sudoapt-get install -y python-picamera python-pil python-tk

 

# 为沙盒环境引用类库

cd ~/.virtualenvs/p2cv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/

ln -s /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so


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