php处理excel时间数据--——使用PHPExcel判别和格式化Excel中的日期格式

最近，在做一个导入功能，在系统中使用PHPExcel类库，读取上传的Excel文件，然后进行字段映射，最后将Excel内的数据导入到系统中。其中，关于日期格式的导入，使我犯了难。 
  首先，如何导入日期，因为PHPExcel中日期格式在获取时得到的是数字，并不是日期字符串，于是，网上就有许多代码，用于将Excel中获取的数字转换成PHP使用的Unix Time，其实不必这么麻烦。PHPExcel中就有这样的方法： PHPExcel_Shared_Date::ExcelToPHP($value)  。可以直接使用。 
   如果到这里就结束，那这篇文章就有点太没意思了，在开发时，我还未一个问题犯了难，那就是如何 自动判别Excel单元格是日期类型 ，照例，我Google了一遍，没有很好的文章解决这个问题，于是我就自己看着PHPExcel文档和源码，一边摸索，终于被我找出了方法，废话不多说，我先将代码贴上： 

 function Read_Excel_File2($file_name,&$result){
     require_once 'include/PHPExcel/Classes/PHPExcel/IOFactory.php';
     $result=null;
     $objReader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReader('Excel5');
 //    $objReader->setReadDataOnly(true);
     try{
         $objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($file_name);
     }catch(Exception $e){}
     if(!isset($objPHPExcel)) return "无法解析文件";
     $allobjWorksheets = $objPHPExcel->getAllSheets();
     foreach($allobjWorksheets as $objWorksheet){
         $sheetname=$objWorksheet->getTitle();
         $highestRow = $objWorksheet->getHighestRow(); // e.g. 10
         $highestColumn = $objWorksheet->getHighestColumn();
         $highestColumnIndex = PHPExcel_Cell::columnIndexFromString($highestColumn);
         for ($row = 1; $row <= $highestRow; ++$row) {
             for ($col = 0; $col <= $highestColumnIndex; ++$col) {
                 $cell =$objWorksheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($col, $row);
                 $value=$cell->getValue();
                 if($cell->getDataType()==PHPExcel_Cell_DataType::TYPE_NUMERIC){
                     $cellstyleformat=$cell->getParent()->getStyle( $cell->getCoordinate() )->getNumberFormat();
                     $formatcode=$cellstyleformat->getFormatCode();
                     if (preg_match('/^(\[\$[A-Z]*-[0-9A-F]*\])*[hmsdy]/i', $formatcode)) {
                        $value=gmdate("Y-m-d", PHPExcel_Shared_Date::ExcelToPHP($value));
                     }else{
                         $value=PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::toFormattedString($value,$formatcode);
                     }
 //                    echo $value,$formatcode,'';

                 }
                 $result[$sheetname][$row-1][$col]=$value;
             }
         }
     }
     return 0;
 }

其中，关于日期判断的部分主要是以下部分： 

 $cell =$objWorksheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($col, $row);
 $value=$cell->getValue();
 if($cell->getDataType()==PHPExcel_Cell_DataType::TYPE_NUMERIC){
        $cellstyleformat=$cell->getParent()->getStyle( $cell->getCoordinate() )->getNumberFormat();
        $formatcode=$cellstyleformat->getFormatCode();
        if (preg_match('/^(\[\$[A-Z]*-[0-9A-F]*\])*[hmsdy]/i', $formatcode)) {
              $value=gmdate("Y-m-d", PHPExcel_Shared_Date::ExcelToPHP($value));
        }else{
              $value=PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::toFormattedString($value,$formatcode);
        }
 }

顺便说一下我的PHPExcel版本是 1.7.2  

PhpExcel中文帮助手册|PhpExcel使用方法

下面是总结的几个使用方法
include 'PHPExcel.php';
include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php';
//或者include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel5.php'; 用于输出.xls的
创建一个excel
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
保存excel—2007格式
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
//或者$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel); 非2007格式
$objWriter->save("xxx.xlsx");
直接输出到浏览器
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel);
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0″);
header("Cache-Control:must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
header("Content-Type:application/force-download");
header("Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-execl");
header("Content-Type:application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Type:application/download");;
header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename="resume.xls"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding:binary");
$objWriter->save('php://output');
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置excel的属性：
创建人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");
最后修改人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");
标题
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
题目
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
描述
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");
关键字
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");
种类
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置当前的sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
设置sheet的name
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');
设置单元格的值
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'String');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A2', 12);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A3', true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C5', '=SUM(C2:C4)');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B8', '=MIN(B2:C5)');
合并单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A18:E22');
分离单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells('A28:B28');

保护cell
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true); // Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection!
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells('A3:E13', 'PHPExcel');
设置格式
// Set cell number formats
echo date('H:i:s') . " Set cell number formats\n";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4'), 'E5:E13' );
设置宽width
// Set column widths
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setWidth(12);
设置font
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setName('Candara');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getFont()->setBold(true);
设置align
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D11')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D12')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY);
//垂直居中
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);
设置column的border
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('C4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
设置border的color
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
设置填充颜色
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');
加图片
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Logo');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Logo');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/officelogo.jpg');
$objDrawing->setHeight(36);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Paid');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Paid');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/paid.png');
$objDrawing->setCoordinates('B15');
$objDrawing->setOffsetX(110);
$objDrawing->setRotation(25);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
//处理中文输出问题
需要将字符串转化为UTF-8编码，才能正常输出，否则中文字符将输出为空白，如下处理：
 $str  = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);
或者你可以写一个函数专门处理中文字符串：
function convertUTF8($str)
{
   if(empty($str)) return '';
   return  iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);
}
//从数据库输出数据处理方式
从数据库读取数据如：
$db = new Mysql($dbconfig);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM  表名";
$row = $db->GetAll($sql);  // $row 为二维数组
$count = count($row);
for ($i = 2; $i <= $count+1; $i++) {
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][1]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][2]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][3]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][4]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('E' . $i, convertUTF8(date("Y-m-d", $row[$i-2][5])));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('F' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][6]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('G' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][7]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('H' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][8]));
}
 
在默认sheet后，创建一个worksheet
echo date('H:i:s') . " Create new Worksheet object\n";
$objPHPExcel->createSheet();
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objExcel, 'Excel5');
$objWriter-save('php://output');