grok语法定义

grok默认表达式

Logstash 内置了120种默认表达式，可以查看patterns，里面对表达式做了分组，每个文件为一组，文件内部有对应的表达式模式。下面只是部分常用的。

常用表达式

表达式标识	名称	详情	匹配例子
USERNAME 或 USER	用户名	由数字、大小写及特殊字符(._-)组成的字符串	1234、Bob、Alex.Wong
EMAILLOCALPART	用户名	首位由大小写字母组成，其他位由数字、大小写及特殊字符(_.+-=:)组成的字符串。注意，国内的QQ纯数字邮箱账号是无法匹配的，需要修改正则	windcoder、windcoder_com、abc-123
EMAILADDRESS	电子邮件		[email protected]、[email protected]、[email protected]
HTTPDUSER	Apache服务器的用户	可以是EMAILADDRESS或USERNAME
INT	整数	包括0和正负整数	0、-123、43987
BASE10NUM 或 NUMBER	十进制数字	包括整数和小数	0、18、5.23
BASE16NUM	十六进制数字	整数	0x0045fa2d、-0x3F8709
WORD	字符串	包括数字和大小写字母	String、3529345、ILoveYou
NOTSPACE	不带任何空格的字符串
SPACE	空格字符串
QUOTEDSTRING 或 QS	带引号的字符串		"This is an apple"、'What is your name?'
UUID	标准UUID		550E8400-E29B-11D4-A716-446655440000
MAC	MAC地址	可以是Cisco设备里的MAC地址，也可以是通用或者Windows系统的MAC地址
IP	IP地址	IPv4或IPv6地址	127.0.0.1、FE80:0000:0000:0000:AAAA:0000:00C2:0002
HOSTNAME	IP或者主机名称
HOSTPORT	主机名(IP)+端口		127.0.0.1:3306、api.windcoder.com:8000
PATH	路径	Unix系统或者Windows系统里的路径格式	/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx、c:\windows\system32\clr.exe
URIPROTO	URI协议		http、ftp
URIHOST	URI主机		windcoder.com、10.0.0.1:22
URIPATH	URI路径		//windcoder.com/abc/、/api.php
URIPARAM	URI里的GET参数		?a=1&b=2&c=3
URIPATHPARAM	URI路径+GET参数	/windcoder.com/abc/api.php?a=1&b=2&c=3
URI	完整的URI		https://windcoder.com/abc/api.php?a=1&b=2&c=3
LOGLEVEL	Log表达式	Log表达式	Alert、alert、ALERT、Error

 

日期时间表达式

表达式标识	名称	匹配例子
MONTH	月份名称	Jan、January
MONTHNUM	月份数字	03、9、12
MONTHDAY	日期数字	03、9、31
DAY	星期几名称	Mon、Monday
YEAR	年份数字
HOUR	小时数字
MINUTE	分钟数字
SECOND	秒数字
TIME	时间	00:01:23
DATE_US	美国时间	10-01-1892、10/01/1892/
DATE_EU	欧洲日期格式	01-10-1892、01/10/1882、01.10.1892
ISO8601_TIMEZONE	ISO8601时间格式	+10:23、-1023
TIMESTAMP_ISO8601	ISO8601时间戳格式	2016-07-03T00:34:06+08:00
DATE	日期	美国日期%{DATE_US}或者欧洲日期%{DATE_EU} |
DATESTAMP	完整日期+时间	07-03-2016 00:34:06
HTTPDATE	http默认日期格式	03/Jul/2016:00:36:53 +0800

 

自定义grok表达式

语法解释：
%{HOSTNAME}，匹配请求的主机名
%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:time},代表时间戳
%{LOGLEVEL}，代表日志级别
%{URIPATHPARAM}，代表请求路径
%{INT}，代表字符串整数数字大小
%{NUMBER}， 可以匹配整数或者小数

%{UUID}，匹配类似091ece39-5444-44a1-9f1e-019a17286b48
%{IP}, 匹配ip
%{WORD}, 匹配请求的方式
%{GREEDYDATA},代表所有的数据
(?([\S+]*))，自定义正则
\s*或者\s+,代表多个空格
\S+或者\S*,代表多个字符
大括号里面:xxx,相当于起别名

(?([\S+]*)), 自定义正则匹配多个字符

举例操作如下：

列1：
[2019-08-22 12:25:51.441] [TSC_IHU] [ERROR] [c.e.c.t.i.t.s.IhuTsaUplinkServiceImpl] Activation/Bind uplink, query UserSession by Token failure!

grok调试如下：
\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:time}\]\s*%{DATA:thread}\s*\[%{LOGLEVEL:level}\]\s*%{GREEDYDATA:data}

 

列2：

2019-09-12 14:16:36.320+08:00 INFO 930856f7-c78f-4f12-a0f1-83a2610b2dfc DispatcherConnector ip-192-168-114-244 [Mqtt-Device-1883-worker-18-1] com.ericsson.sep.dispatcher.api.transformer.v1.MessageTransformer {"TraceID":"930856f7-c78f-4f12-a0f1-83a2610b2dfc","clientId":"5120916600003466K4GA1059","username":"LB37622Z3KX609880"} uplinkTransform|RVS|LB37622Z3KX609880|VDF|{"header":{"requestid":117,"timeStamp":1568268995157,"eventId":1568268995157,"creatorId":0,"requestType":0},"body":{"serviceId":51,"serviceData":{"vehicleStatus":{"basicVehicleStatus":{"position":{"latitude":131611658,"longitude":404483724,"altitude":1019,"posCanBeTrusted":true,"carLocatorStatUploadEn":true,"marsCoordinates":false},"speed":745,"speedValidity":0,"direction":222,"engineStatus":0,"engineBlockedStatus":0,"distanceToEmpty":393},"additionalVehicleStatus":{"drivingSafetyStatus":{"srsStatus":0,"vehicleAlarm":0,"doorOpenStatusDriver":0,"doorOpenStatusPassenger":0,"doorOpenStatusDriverRear":0,"doorOpenStatusPassengerRear":0,"doorLockStatusDriver":0,"doorLockStatusPassenger":0,"doorLockStatusDriverRear":0,"doorLockStatusPassengerRear":0,"trunkOpenStatus":0,"trunkLockStatus":0,"engineHoodOpenStatus":0,"seatBeltStatusDriver":false,"seatBeltStatusPassenger":false,"electricParkBrakeStatus":0,"electricParkBrakeStatusValidity":0},"maintenanceStatus":{"mainBatteryStatus":{"stateOfCharge":2,"voltage":128},"tyreStatusDriver":169,"tyreStatusPassenger":169,"tyreStatusDriverRear":166,"tyreStatusPassengerRear":165,"tyrePreWarningDriver":0,"tyrePreWarningPassenger":0,"tyrePreWarningDriverRear":0,"tyrePreWarningPassengerRear":0,"distanceToService":4516,"serviceWarningStatus":0,"odometer":4844},"runningStatus":{"engineOilTemperature":80,"engineOilPressureWarning":0,"engineCoolantTemperature":165,"engineCoolantTemperatureValidity":0,"fuelLevel":65,"aveFuelConsumption":780,"avgSpeed":37},"climateStatus":{"winStatusDriver":2,"winStatusDriverValidity":1,"winStatusPassenger":2,"winStatusPassengerValidity":1,"winStatusDriverRear":0,"winStatusDriverRearValidity":0,"winStatusPassengerRear":0,"winStatusPassengerRearValidity":0,"sunroofOpenStatus":3,"ventilateStatus":0,"winPosDriver":0,"winPosPassenger":0,"winPosDriverRear":127,"winPosPassengerRear":127,"sunroofOpenStatusValidity":1,"exteriorTemp":114,"exteriorTempValidity":0,"preClimateActive":true,"airCleanSts":0,"winCloseReminder":0,"drvHeatSts":0,"passHeatingSts":0,"rlHeatingSts":0,"rrHeatingSts":0,"drvVentSts":0,"rrVentSts":0},"drivingBehaviourStatus":{"brakePedalDepressed":false,"brakePedalDepressedValidity":0,"engineSpeed":6416,"engineSpeedValidity":0,"transimissionGearPostion":4,"cruiseControlStatus":0},"carConfig":{"heatedFrontSeats":1,"parkingClimateLevel":1,"heatedSteeringWheel":1}},"temStatus":{"vin":"LB37622Z3KX609880","powerSource":0,"backupBattery":{"stateOfCharge":4,"stateOfHealth":0,"voltage":4,"chargeLevel":100},"powerMode":0,"serviceProvisoned":true,"healthStatus":1,"diagnostics":{"ecuID":"T-BOX","diagnosticResult":1,"dtcs":[{"dtc":"940111","status":{"code":40}},{"dtc":"940331","status":{"code":46}},{"dtc":"940514","status":{"code":40}},{"dtc":"940C13","status":{"code":40}}]},"networkAccessStatus":{"simInfo":{"msisdn":"14598609817","imsi":"460018609709817","iccId":"89860118795912498172"},"mobileNetwork":"4G"},"serialNumber":"5120916600003466K4GA1059","completeECUPartNumbers":"6600003466","imei":"359598090119835","hwVersion":"HW_REV_1.2","swVersion":"NGT_TBOX_142B"}}}}}

grok调试如下：

%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:access_time}\s*%{LOGLEVEL:level}\s*%{UUID:uuid}\s*%{WORD:word}\s*%{HOSTNAME:hostname}\s*\[%{DATA:work}\]\s*(?([\S+]*))\s*(?([\S+]*))\s*%{GREEDYDATA:message_data}

 

 列3：

192.168.125.138 - - [12/Sep/2019:14:10:58 +0800] "GET /backend/services/ticketRemind/query?cid=&msgType=1&pageSize=100&pageIndex=1&langCode=zh HTTP/1.1" 200 91

grok调试如下：

 %{IP:ip}\s*%{DATA:a}\s*\[%{HTTPDATE:access_time}\]\s*%{DATA:b}%{WORD:method}\s*%{URIPATH:url}%{URIPARAM:param}\s*%{URIPROTO:uri}%{DATA:c}%{NUMBER:treaty}%{DATA:d}\s*%{NUMBER:status}\s*%{NUMBER:latency_millis}

 

 

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangan/p/11395056.html