本系列对应的是尚硅谷周阳Spring Cloud的思维导图整理的笔记,用来方便自己后面的知识点回顾。分别以每个知识点作为一篇文章详细讲述。
知识点传送门:
项目源码
- SpringCloud01:微服务概述与SpringCloud
- SpringCloud02:Rest微服务构建案例工程模块
- SpringCloud03:Eureka服务注册与发现
- SpringCloud04:Ribbon负载均衡
- SpringCloud05:Feign负载均衡
- SpringCloud06:Hystrix断路器
- SpringCloud07:zuul路由网关
- SpringCloud08:SpringCloud Config分布式配置中心
一、总体介绍
这里以Dept部门模块做一个微服务通用案例Consumer消费者(Client)通过REST调用Provider提供者(Server)提供的服务
1.Maven的分包分模块架构复习
一个简单的Maven模块结构是这样的:
---- app-parent 一个父项目(app-parent)聚合很多子项目(app-util,app-dao,app-service,app-web)
|---- pom.xml (pom)
|
|-------- app-util
| |-------- pom.xml (jar)
|
|-------- app-dao
| |-------- pom.xml (jar)
|
|-------- app-service
| |-------- pom.xml (jar)
|
|-------- app-web
|-------- pom.xml (war)
一个Project带着多个Module子模块
MicroServiceCloud父工程(Project)下带着3个子模块(Module)
- microservicecloud-api 封装的整体Entity/接口/公共配置等
- microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001 微服务落地的服务提供者
- microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 微服务调用的客户端使用
二、构建步骤
1.microservicecloud整体父工程Project
1)新建父工程microservicecloud,切记是Packageing是pom模式
2)主要是定义POM文件,将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提出来,类似一个抽象父类
3)POM文件
4.0.0
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
pom
UTF-8
1.8
1.8
4.12
1.2.17
1.16.18
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
Dalston.SR1
pom
import
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-dependencies
1.5.9.RELEASE
pom
import
mysql
mysql-connector-java
5.0.4
com.alibaba
druid
1.0.31
org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
1.3.0
ch.qos.logback
logback-core
1.2.3
junit
junit
${junit.version}
test
log4j
log4j
${log4j.version}
2.microservicecloud-api公共子模块Module
1)新建microservicecloud-api
创建完成后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化
2)修改POM文件
4.0.0
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
microservicecloud-api
org.projectlombok
lombok
3)新建部门Entity且配合lombok使用
package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;
import java.io.Serializable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable //必须序列化
{
private Long deptno; //主键
private String dname; //部门名称
private String db_source;//来自那个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同数据库
public Dept(String dname)
{
super();
this.dname = dname;
}
}
4)mvn clean install后给其它模块引用,达到通用目的。
也即需要用到部门实体的话,不用每个工程都定义一份,直接引用本模块即可。
3.microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001 部门微服务提供者Module
1)新建microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
创建完成后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化
2)修改POM文件
4.0.0
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud-api
${project.version}
junit
junit
mysql
mysql-connector-java
com.alibaba
druid
ch.qos.logback
logback-core
org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-jetty
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
org.springframework
springloaded
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
3)创建YML文件
server:
port: 8001
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml # mybatis配置文件所在路径
type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
mapper-locations:
- classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml # mapper映射文件
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01 # 数据库名称
username: root
password: 123456
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 # 初始化连接数
max-total: 5 # 最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间
4)工程src/main/resources目录下新建mybatis文件夹后新建mybatis.cfg.xml文件
5)MySQL创建部门数据库脚本
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR(60),
db_source VARCHAR(60)
);
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
SELECT * FROM dept;
6)DeptDao部门接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
@Mapper
public interface DeptDao
{
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept findById(Long id);
public List findAll();
}
7)工程src/main/resources/mybatis目录下新建mapper文件夹后再建DeptMapper.xml
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
8)DeptService部门服务接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
public interface DeptService
{
public boolean add(Dept dept);
public Dept get(Long id);
public List list();
}
9)DeptController部门微服务提供者REST
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptService;
@RestController
public class DeptController
{
@Autowired
private DeptService service;
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept)
{
return service.add(dept);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return service.get(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List list()
{
return service.list();
}
}
10)DeptProvider8001_App主启动类DeptProvider8001_App
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);
}
}
11)测试
浏览器输入:
- http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
- http://localhost:8001/dept/list
4.microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80部门微服务消费者Module
1)新建microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
2)修改POM
4.0.0
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
部门微服务消费者
com.atguigu.springcloud
microservicecloud-api
${project.version}
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework
springloaded
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-devtools
3)新建YML文件
server:
port: 80
4)com.atguigu.springcloud.cfgbeans包下ConfigBean的编写(类似spring里面的applicationContext.xml写入的注入Bean)
package com.atguigu.springcloud.cfgbeans;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean
{
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
5)com.atguigu.springcloud.controller包下新建DeptController_Consumer部门微服务消费者REST
RestTemplate是什么:
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,
是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集
官网地址
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/4.3.7.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
使用
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑。
(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer
{
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
public boolean add(Dept dept)
{
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
public List list()
{
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
}
}
6)DeptConsumer80_App主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
}
}
7)测试
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/2
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/list
- http://localhost/consumer/dept/add?dname=AI