基于k8s Prometheus+Grafana+Altermanager钉钉报警
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1. 使用Prometheus Operator监控kubetnetes集群
2. 使用Prometheus Operator实现应用自定义监控
一、概述
Alertmanager与Prometheus是相互分离的两个组件。Prometheus服务器根据报警规则将警报发送给Alertmanager，然后Alertmanager将silencing、inhibition、aggregation等消息通过电子邮件、dingtalk和HipChat发送通知。
Alertmanager处理由例如Prometheus服务器等客户端发来的警报。它负责删除重复数据、分组，并将警报通过路由发送到正确的接收器，比如电子邮件、Slack、dingtalk等。Alertmanager还支持groups,silencing和警报抑制的机制。
钉钉作为内部通讯工具，基本上大家在电脑和手机上都能用，消息可以第一时间查看，报警消息的即时性要求比较高，所以适合用钉钉通知。
二、添加钉钉机器人
请参考官方文档：自定义机器人
添加机器人后获取机器人的hook（机器人好像只能在钉钉群里面添加）,在后面部署会用到。
机器人hook：https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=xxxxxx
三、配置Alertmanager
Alertmanager官方文档：https://github.com/prometheus/docs/blob/db2a09a8a7e193d6e474f37055908a6d432b88b5/content/docs/alerting/configuration.md#webhook_config
修改Alertmanager报警配置，因上面的官方文档已经给出来每个参数的详细信息，就不再一一解释了。
[root@node-01 prometheus]# vim prometheus-operator/values.yaml
config:
global:
resolve_timeout: 2m
route:
group_by: ['job']
group_wait: 30s
group_interval: 2m
repeat_interval: 12h
receiver: 'webhook'
routes:
- match:
alertname: DeadMansSwitch
receiver: 'webhook'
receivers:
- name: 'webhook'
webhook_configs:
- url: http://webhook-dingtalk/dingtalk/send/
send_resolved: true更新prometheus-operator
[root@node-01 prometheus]# helm upgrade p ./prometheus-operator修改成功后可以在alertmanager的status页面看到相关配置
四、转换alertmanager数据格式
Alertmanager会以下列JSON格式的数据通过HTTP POST请求发送到端点：
{
"version": "4",
"groupKey": , // key identifying the group of alerts (e.g. to deduplicate)
"status": "",
"receiver": ,
"groupLabels": 这是测试报警数据的示例：
b'{
"receiver":"webhook",
"status":"firing",
"alerts":[{
"status":"firing",
"labels":{
"alertname":"DeadMansSwitch",
"prometheus":"monitoring/p-prometheus",
"severity":"none"
},
"annotations":{
"message":"This is a DeadMansSwitch meant to ensure that the entire alerting pipeline is functional."
},
"startsAt":"2019-03-08T10:02:28.680317737Z",
"endsAt":"0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
"generatorURL":"http://prom.cnlinux.club/graph?g0.expr=vector%281%29\\u0026g0.tab=1"
}],
"groupLabels":{},
"commonLabels":{
"alertname":"DeadMansSwitch",
"prometheus":"monitoring/p-prometheus",
"severity":"none"
},
"commonAnnotations":{
"message":"This is a DeadMansSwitch meant to ensure that the entire alerting pipeline is functional."
},
"externalURL":"http://alert.cnlinux.club","version":"4",
"groupKey":"{}/{alertname=\\"DeadMansSwitch\\"}:{}"}\n' 钉钉对数据的格式是有要求的（具体要求在上面钉钉官方文档），所以需要将Alertmanager传过来的数据进行格式转化。
以下我们用自己写的python脚本来转换。
脚本说明：
- alertmanager传过来的数据中，重要的是labels{}的数据，但是里面数据太多，很多信息在报警的信息中是不需要的，所以在脚本中添加了一个EXCLUDE_LIST列表，用于排除不需要的数据。
[root@node-01 prometheus]# cat app.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import io, sys
sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.detach(), encoding='utf-8')
sys.stderr = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stderr.detach(), encoding='utf-8')
from flask import Flask, Response
from flask import request
import requests
import logging
import json
import locale
#locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,"en_US.UTF-8")
app = Flask(__name__)
console = logging.StreamHandler()
fmt = '%(asctime)s - %(filename)s:%(lineno)s - %(name)s - %(message)s'
formatter = logging.Formatter(fmt)
console.setFormatter(formatter)
log = logging.getLogger("flask_webhook_dingtalk")
log.addHandler(console)
log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
EXCLUDE_LIST = ['prometheus', 'endpoint']
@app.route('/')
def index():
return 'Webhook Dingtalk by Billy https://blog.51cto.com/billy98'
@app.route('/dingtalk/send/',methods=['POST'])
def hander_session():
profile_url = sys.argv[1]
post_data = request.get_data()
post_data = json.loads(post_data.decode("utf-8"))['alerts']
post_data = post_data[0]
messa_list = []
messa_list.append('### 报警类型: %s' % post_data['status'].upper())
messa_list.append('**startsAt:** %s' % post_data['startsAt'])
for i in post_data['labels'].keys():
if i in EXCLUDE_LIST:
continue
else:
messa_list.append("**%s:** %s" % (i, post_data['labels'][i]))
messa_list.append('**Describe:** %s' % post_data['annotations']['message'])
messa = (' \\n\\n > '.join(messa_list))
status = alert_data(messa, post_data['labels']['alertname'], profile_url )
log.info(status)
return status
def alert_data(data,title,profile_url):
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json'}
send_data = '{"msgtype": "markdown","markdown": {"title": \"%s\" ,"text": \"%s\" }}' %(title,data) # type: str
send_data = send_data.encode('utf-8')
reps = requests.post(url=profile_url, data=send_data, headers=headers)
return reps.text
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.debug = False
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port='8080')
五、制作Docker镜像
将上面的python脚本做成镜像，然后把他们以服务的形式运行在k8s集群中，保证高可用。
大家也可以用我已经制作成功的镜像：docker pull billy98/webhook-dingtalk:latest,直接pull即可。
[root@node-01 prometheus]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos:7 as build
MAINTAINER billy98 [email protected]
RUN curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo && yum install -y python36 python36-pip && pip3.6 install flask requests werkzeug
ADD app.py /usr/local/alert-dingtalk.py
FROM gcr.io/distroless/python3
COPY --from=build /usr/local/alert-dingtalk.py /usr/local/alert-dingtalk.py
COPY --from=build usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
COPY --from=build usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages
ENV PYTHONPATH=usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages:usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["python","/usr/local/alert-dingtalk.py"][root@node-01 prometheus]# docker build -t billy98/webhook-dingtalk:latest .我这样build出来的镜像只有50多M，具体的使用方法参考：
distroless：https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless
六、部署webhook-dingtalk
[root@node-01 prometheus]# cat webhook-dingtalk.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: webhook-dingtalk
name: webhook-dingtalk
namespace: monitoring
#需要和alertmanager在同一个namespace
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webhook-dingtalk
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webhook-dingtalk
spec:
containers:
- image: billy98/webhook-dingtalk:latest
name: webhook-dingtalk
args:
- "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=xxxxxx"
#上面创建的钉钉机器人hook
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
tcpSocket:
port: 8080
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
initialDelaySeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 1
httpGet:
port: 8080
path: /
imagePullSecrets:
- name: IfNotPresent
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: webhook-dingtalk
name: webhook-dingtalk
namespace: monitoring
#需要和alertmanager在同一个namespace
spec:
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 8080
selector:
app: webhook-dingtalk
type: ClusterIP 钉钉中报警信息如下：
报警恢复的消息
至此所有的操作已完成。
如有问题欢迎在下面留言交流。希望大家多多关注和点赞，谢谢！
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/billy98/2362369