本文利用一个简单的小例子【文本编辑器】,讲解RichTextBox的用法,仅供学习分享使用,如有不足之处,还请指正。
Windows窗体中的RichTextBox控件用于显示,输入和操作格式化的文本,RichTextBox除了拥有TextBox控件的所有功能外,还可以显示字体,颜色,链接,从文件中读取和加载图像,以及查找指定的字符。RichTextBox控件通常用于提供类似字体处理程序(如Microsoft Word)的文本操作和显示功能。RichTextBox控件可以显示滚动条,且默认根据需要进行显示。
涉及知识点:
- SelectionFont 获取或设置当前选定文本或插入点的字体。
- FontStyle 指定应用到文本的字形信息。
- SelectionAlignment 获取或设置应用到当前选定内容或插入点的对齐方式。
- SelectionIndent 获取或设置所选内容开始行的缩进距离(以像素为单位)。
- SelectionCharOffset 获取或设置控件中的文本是显示在基线上、作为上标还是作为基线下方的下标。
- SelectionColor 获取或设置当前选定文本或插入点的文本颜色。
- SelectionBackColor 获取或设置在 System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox 控件中选中文本时文本的颜色。
- SelectionBullet 获取或设置一个值,通过该值指示项目符号样式是否应用到当前选定内容或插入点。
- Clipboard Paste 粘贴指定剪贴板格式的剪贴板内容【插入图片时使用】。
- Find 在对搜索应用特定选项的情况下,在 System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox 控件的文本中搜索位于控件内特定位置的字符串。
效果图
如下【以下设置文本对应的格式】:
核心代码
如下
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Drawing; 4 using System.Drawing.Printing; 5 using System.Linq; 6 using System.Text; 7 using System.Threading.Tasks; 8 using System.Windows.Forms; 9 10 namespace DemoRichText.Model 11 { 12 public class DefaultRickFormat : BaseRichFormat 13 { 14 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 15 { 16 17 } 18 } 19 20 ///21 /// 加粗格式 22 /// 23 public class BoldRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 24 { 25 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 26 { 27 Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont; 28 Font newFont; 29 if (oldFont.Bold) 30 { 31 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Bold);//支持位于运算 32 } 33 else 34 { 35 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Bold); 36 } 37 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont; 38 } 39 } 40 41 /// 42 /// 斜体 43 /// 44 public class ItalicRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 45 { 46 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 47 { 48 Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont; 49 Font newFont; 50 if (oldFont.Italic) 51 { 52 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Italic); 53 } 54 else 55 { 56 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Italic); 57 } 58 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont; 59 rtbInfo.Focus(); 60 } 61 } 62 63 /// 64 /// 下划线 65 /// 66 public class UnderLineRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 67 { 68 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 69 { 70 Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont; 71 Font newFont; 72 if (oldFont.Underline) 73 { 74 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Underline); 75 } 76 else 77 { 78 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Underline); 79 } 80 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont; 81 rtbInfo.Focus(); 82 } 83 } 84 85 /// 86 /// 删除线 87 /// 88 public class StrikeLineRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 89 { 90 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 91 { 92 Font oldFont = rtbInfo.SelectionFont; 93 Font newFont; 94 if (oldFont.Underline) 95 { 96 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style & ~FontStyle.Strikeout); 97 } 98 else 99 { 100 newFont = new Font(oldFont, oldFont.Style | FontStyle.Strikeout); 101 } 102 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = newFont; 103 rtbInfo.Focus(); 104 } 105 } 106 107 /// 108 /// 左对齐 109 /// 110 public class LeftRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 111 { 112 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 113 { 114 rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left; 115 rtbInfo.Focus(); 116 } 117 } 118 119 /// 120 /// 居中对齐 121 /// 122 public class CenterRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 123 { 124 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 125 { 126 if (rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment == HorizontalAlignment.Center) 127 { 128 rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left; 129 } 130 else 131 { 132 rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; 133 } 134 135 rtbInfo.Focus(); 136 } 137 } 138 139 /// 140 /// 右对齐 141 /// 142 public class RightRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 143 { 144 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 145 { 146 if (rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment == HorizontalAlignment.Right) 147 { 148 rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left; 149 } 150 else 151 { 152 rtbInfo.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right; 153 } 154 155 rtbInfo.Focus(); 156 } 157 } 158 159 /// 160 /// 缩进对齐 161 /// 162 public class IndentRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 163 { 164 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 165 { 166 //每次以10个像素进行缩进 167 rtbInfo.SelectionIndent = rtbInfo.SelectionIndent + 10; 168 rtbInfo.Focus(); 169 } 170 } 171 172 /// 173 /// 缩进对齐 174 /// 175 public class OutIndentRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 176 { 177 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 178 { 179 //每次以10个像素进行缩进 180 rtbInfo.SelectionIndent = rtbInfo.SelectionIndent - 10; 181 rtbInfo.Focus(); 182 } 183 } 184 185 /// 186 /// 下标 187 /// 188 public class SubScriptRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 189 { 190 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 191 { 192 if (rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset < 0) 193 { 194 rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 0; 195 } 196 else { 197 rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = -5; 198 } 199 rtbInfo.Focus(); 200 } 201 } 202 203 /// 204 /// 上标 205 /// 206 public class SuperScriptRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 207 { 208 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 209 { 210 if (rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset > 0) 211 { 212 rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 0; 213 } 214 else { 215 rtbInfo.SelectionCharOffset = 5; 216 } 217 rtbInfo.Focus(); 218 } 219 } 220 221 /// 222 /// 字体 223 /// 224 public class FontRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 225 { 226 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 227 { 228 FontDialog f = new FontDialog(); 229 if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) 230 { 231 FontFamily family = f.Font.FontFamily; 232 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font(family, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Size, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Style); 233 } 234 rtbInfo.Focus(); 235 } 236 } 237 238 /// 239 /// 文本颜色 240 /// 241 public class ForeColorRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 242 { 243 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 244 { 245 ColorDialog f = new ColorDialog(); 246 if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) 247 { 248 249 rtbInfo.SelectionColor = f.Color; 250 } 251 rtbInfo.Focus(); 252 } 253 } 254 255 /// 256 /// 文本背景颜色 257 /// 258 public class BgColorRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 259 { 260 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 261 { 262 ColorDialog f = new ColorDialog(); 263 if (f.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) 264 { 265 266 rtbInfo.SelectionBackColor = f.Color; 267 } 268 rtbInfo.Focus(); 269 } 270 } 271 272 /// 273 /// UL列表,项目符号样式 274 /// 275 public class UlRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 276 { 277 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 278 { 279 if (rtbInfo.SelectionBullet) 280 { 281 rtbInfo.SelectionBullet = false; 282 } 283 else { 284 rtbInfo.SelectionBullet = true; 285 rtbInfo.BulletIndent = 10; 286 } 287 rtbInfo.Focus(); 288 } 289 } 290 291 /// 292 /// 图片插入 293 /// 294 public class PicRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 295 { 296 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 297 { 298 OpenFileDialog o = new OpenFileDialog(); 299 o.InitialDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory; 300 o.Title = "请选择图片"; 301 o.Filter = "jpeg|*.jpeg|jpg|*.jpg|png|*.png|gif|*.gif"; 302 if (o.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { 303 string fileName = o.FileName; 304 try 305 { 306 Image bmp = Image.FromFile(fileName); 307 Clipboard.SetDataObject(bmp); 308 309 DataFormats.Format dataFormat = DataFormats.GetFormat(DataFormats.Bitmap); 310 if (rtbInfo.CanPaste(dataFormat)) 311 { 312 rtbInfo.Paste(dataFormat); 313 } 314 315 } 316 catch (Exception exc) 317 { 318 MessageBox.Show("图片插入失败。" + exc.Message, "提示", 319 MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); 320 } 321 322 } 323 rtbInfo.Focus(); 324 } 325 } 326 327 /// 328 /// 删除 329 /// 330 public class DelRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 331 { 332 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 333 { 334 rtbInfo.SelectedText = ""; 335 rtbInfo.Focus(); 336 } 337 } 338 339 /// 340 /// 查找 341 /// 342 public class SearchRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 343 { 344 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 345 { 346 string find = rtbInfo.Tag.ToString(); 347 int index= rtbInfo.Find(find, 0,RichTextBoxFinds.None); 348 int startPos = index; 349 int nextIndex = 0; 350 while (nextIndex != startPos)//循环查找字符串,并用蓝色加粗12号Times New Roman标记之 351 { 352 rtbInfo.SelectionStart = index; 353 rtbInfo.SelectionLength = find.Length; 354 rtbInfo.SelectionColor = Color.Blue; 355 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font("Times New Roman", (float)12, FontStyle.Bold); 356 rtbInfo.Focus(); 357 nextIndex = rtbInfo.Find(find, index + find.Length, RichTextBoxFinds.None); 358 if (nextIndex == -1)//若查到文件末尾,则充值nextIndex为初始位置的值,使其达到初始位置,顺利结束循环,否则会有异常。 359 { 360 nextIndex = startPos; 361 } 362 index = nextIndex; 363 } 364 rtbInfo.Focus(); 365 } 366 } 367 368 /// 369 /// 打印 370 /// 371 public class PrintRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 372 { 373 private RichTextBox richTextbox; 374 375 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 376 { 377 this.richTextbox = rtbInfo; 378 PrintDocument pd = new PrintDocument(); 379 pd.PrintPage += new PrintPageEventHandler(pd_PrintPage); 380 // 打印文档 381 pd.Print(); 382 } 383 384 private void pd_PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs ev) 385 { 386 //ev.Graphics.DrawString(richTextbox.Text); 387 //ev.HasMorePages = true; 388 } 389 } 390 391 /// 392 /// 字体大小 393 /// 394 public class FontSizeRichFormat : BaseRichFormat 395 { 396 public override void SetFormat(RichTextBox rtbInfo) 397 { 398 string fontSize = rtbInfo.Tag.ToString(); 399 float fsize = 0.0f; 400 if (float.TryParse(fontSize, out fsize)) { 401 rtbInfo.SelectionFont = new Font(rtbInfo.Font.FontFamily, fsize, rtbInfo.SelectionFont.Style); 402 } 403 rtbInfo.Focus(); 404 } 405 } 406 }
页面代码【由于实现了代码封装,所有页面代码较少】
1 using DemoRichText.Model; 2 using System; 3 using System.Collections.Generic; 4 using System.ComponentModel; 5 using System.Data; 6 using System.Drawing; 7 using System.Linq; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Threading.Tasks; 10 using System.Windows.Forms; 11 12 namespace DemoRichText 13 { 14 public partial class MainForm : Form 15 { 16 public MainForm() 17 { 18 InitializeComponent(); 19 } 20 21 22 public void btnButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e) { 23 Button btn = (Button)sender; 24 BTNType btnType; 25 if (Enum.TryParse(btn.Tag.ToString(), out btnType)) { 26 if (btnType == BTNType.Search) { 27 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.txtSearch.Text.Trim())) 28 { 29 this.rtbInfo.Tag = this.txtSearch.Text.Trim(); 30 } 31 else { 32 return; 33 } 34 35 } 36 IRichFormat richFomat = RichFormatFactory.CreateRichFormat(btnType); 37 richFomat.SetFormat(this.rtbInfo); 38 } 39 } 40 41 private void combFontSize_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 42 { 43 float fsize = 12.0f; 44 if (combFontSize.SelectedIndex > -1) { 45 if (float.TryParse(combFontSize.SelectedItem.ToString(), out fsize)) { 46 rtbInfo.Tag = fsize.ToString(); 47 IRichFormat richFomat = RichFormatFactory.CreateRichFormat(BTNType.FontSize); 48 richFomat.SetFormat(this.rtbInfo); 49 } 50 return; 51 } 52 } 53 } 54 }
RichTextBox是一个功能丰富的控件,值得学习。
源码下载链接
源码链接