Singleton(单例模式)

在开发中经常会用到单例设计模式,目的就是为了在程序的整个生命周期内,只会创建一个类的实例对象,而且只要程序不被杀死,该实例对象就不会被释放。常用的2中创建单例的方法:利用GCD方式;互斥锁方式创建。

1.利用GCD方式创建单例

#import "ClassA.h"

@implementation ClassA

static ClassA *classA = nil;//静态的该类的实例

+ (instancetype)sharedClassA

{

static dispatch_once_t onceToken;

dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{

classA = [[self alloc] init];

});

return classA;

}

+ (instancetype)allocWithZone:(struct _NSZone *)zone

{

static dispatch_once_t onceToken;

dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{

classA = [super allocWithZone:zone];

});

return classA;

}

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone

{

return classA;

}

- (id)mutableCopyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {

return classA;

}

@end

2.互斥锁方式

+ (instancetype)allocWithZone:(struct _NSZone *)zone

{

@synchronized(self) {

if (classA == nil) {

classA = [super allocWithZone:zone];

}

}

return classA;

}

+ (instancetype)sharedInstance

{

@synchronized(self) {

if (classA == nil) {

classA = [[self alloc] init];

}

}

return classA;

}

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone

{

return classA;

}

***还有就是当一个项目工程中需要用到多个单例时,可以利用宏来把单例提出来,可以节省类的创建:

在Singleton.h文件中:

#define SingletonH(name) + (instancetype)shared##name;

#define SingletonM(name) \

static id _instance; \

\

+ (instancetype)allocWithZone:(struct _NSZone *)zone \

{ \

static dispatch_once_t onceToken; \

dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ \

_instance = [super allocWithZone:zone]; \

}); \

return _instance; \

} \

\

+ (instancetype)shared##name \

{ \

static dispatch_once_t onceToken; \

dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ \

_instance = [[self alloc] init]; \

}); \

return _instance; \

} \

\

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone \

{ \

return _instance; \

}\

\

- (id)mutableCopyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone { \

return _instance; \

}

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